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A

BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY

OF

ENGLAND-,

;jFront JEgDert tbe
re4t to !be
ebolution:

CONSISTING OF

CHARACTERS DISPOSED IN DIFFERENT CLASSES,

AND ADAFTED TO

A METHODICAL CATALOGUE OF ENGRAVED BRITISH HEADS:

INTENDED AS

AN ESSAY TOWARDS REDUCING OUR BIOGRAPHY TO SYSTEM, AND
A HELP TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF PORTRAITS:

INTERSPERSED WITH

A VARIETY OF ANECDOTES,

AND

MEMOIRS OF A GREAT NUMBER OF PERSONS,

NOT TO BE FOUND IN ANY OTHER BIOGRAPHICAL WORK.

'VITH A PREFACE,

SHEWING THE UTILITY OF A COLLECTION OF ENGRAVED PORTRAITS TO SUPPLY THE
DEFECT, AND ANSWER THE VARIOUS PURPOSES, OF MEDALS.

BY THE REV. J. GRANGER,
VICAR OF SHIPLAKE, IN OXFORDSHIRE.

Animum picturâ pascit inani.-VIRG.
Celebrare domestica facta.-HoR.

FIFTH EDITION,
WITH UPWARDS OF FOUR HUNDRED ADDITIONAL LIVES.

IN SIX VOLUMES:
VOL. I,r.

LONDON:
PRINTED FOR \VILLIAM BAYNES AND SON,
PATERNOSTER ROW:
A ND SOLD BY W. CLARKE, NEW BOND STREET; J. l\'IAJOR, FLEET STREET j J. AND J. ARCH,
CORNHlLL: J. PARKER, OXFORD: DEIGHTON AND SONS, CAl\'IBRID
E :
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Printed by J. F. DOVE, St. John's Sq',lare.

A

BIOGRAPHICAL

II 1ST 0 R \-.- 0 FEN G L 44. N D.

THE INTERREGNUM CONTINUED.

CLASS VII.

.
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY A
D
A VY.

GENERAL FAIRFAX, holding the head of
Charles I. by the hair, in his 'ri
'lzt hand, and an a.
'e
in his left. Tile print, 'which SCC11lS to be Dutch, is in-
scribed" Carnife.v Re
'is A/1
'liæ /' 8vo.

OLIVER CROM'\VELL, &c. lieutenant-general.
Joost Harttj'ers eLl'C. 8vo.
ÛLIVERIUS CROl\I'VELL, exercituun1 Anglicæ rei-
publicæ generalis Iocun1-tenens, gubernator Eliberniæ,

"c. P. Aubrey,. 4to.

ÛLIVERIUS CROl\I"TELL, vice-generalis. Heads of
Charles I.
'c. 4to.

LIEUTENANT-GENERAL FLEET\VOOD was the chief of
the fourteen major-generals appointed by Cromwell over England
and Wales. These men, most of WhOlll were obscure persons,
VOL. IV. n

2

BIOGRAPIIICAL IIISTOR Y

were armed with an inquisitorial power over the royalists of all
denominations. Their principal business was to search out and
examine such as had borne arms for Charles I. or were disaffected
to the present government; and to punish them by imprisonment,
decimation of their estates, &c. See Class II.

In Aug.
1659.

LIEUTENANT-GENERAL * LAMBERT. fValker
p. Houbraken sc. In the collection of the late Eal'l of
Bradford. Illust. lIead.
MAJOR-GENERAL LAl\lBERT; h. slz.'Jne.z'z. (F. Place.)
The Honourable MAJOR-GENERAL LA1\IBERT; oval;
large 4to. slaslzed sleeves; looking; to the left.
MAJOR-G ENERAL LAl\IBERT; in ar1J10ll1'"; cravat,
'c.
J OHX LAl\IBERT, &c. in a rJJlOlt 1" ; looking to tlze rig;ht:
style of Gaywood; oval.
Major-general Lambert distinguished himself by his val our and
conduct on n1any occasions, during the civil war; particularly at
the battle of N aseby, at the battle of Fife, in Scotland, and by his
victory in Cheshire, where he totally defeated the forces com-
manded by Sir George Booth: for which important service the
parliament presented him with 10001. to buy a jewel. He was, of
all the officers of the army, the second to CromwelJ, in courage,
prudence, and capacity; but was equal to him only in ambition.
The Protector regarded him with a jealous eye; and, upon his re-
fusal to take the oath to be faithful to his government, deprived
him of his commission, but granted him a pension of 20001.t This
was an act of prudence, rather than generosity; as he well knew,
that such a genius as Lambert's, rendered desperate by poverty, was
capable of attempting any thing. Though Lambert had so great a

· The inscription of this print is erroncous; he was never above the rank of a
major-general.
t Roger Coke informs us, that H after he had been discarded by Oliver, he be-
took himself to Wimblcton-house, w}lere he turned florist, and had th
' fairest tulips
and gilliftowers that could be got for love or money: yet in thes.e outward pleasures
lIe nourished the ambition he entertained beforc he was casbiered."-Coke's " De-
tection," &c. ii. p.7!5,

O:F ENGLAND.

3

share in the civil war, he escaped punishment at the restoration.
The daring general, when he was brought to his trial, behaved
with more submission than the meanest of his fellow-prisoners, and
was reprieved at the bar. He was banished to the Isle of Guernsey,
where he continued in patient confinement for above thirty years.
See the Class of Artists; see also the preceding reign, Class VII.

SIR ffHOMAS TILDESLEY; front a drazving in
tIle ](ing/ s " Clarendon." R. Cooper sc. 4to.
Sir Thomas Tildesley was a gentleman of a good family, who
raised men at his own charge at the beginning of the war; and
comlnanded them, till the very end of it, with great resolution and
courage. He refused to make any composition for his estate, after
the death of the king, and found means to transport himself into
I reIand to the l\larquis of Onnond; with whOln he stayed till, with
the rest of the English officers, he was dismissed, to satisfy the
jealousy of the Irish. He then passed over into Scotland, a 1ittle
before the king marched from thence, on his progress towards 'V or-
cester; and was killed at Wigan, in Lancashire, on his way to join
the main body of the king's forces, then at Worcester.

SIR JOHN MENNIS. C. JVarren sc. From a pic-
ture by Vandyke, ill the collection of the Earl of Claren-
don.

Sir John
Iennis, a seaman and poet, was born at Sandwich, in
1598, and educated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford. In the }'cign
of Charles 1. he was made comptroller of the navy-office, and
knighted. About this time he had the command of a ship of war,
but was deprived of it by the republicans. At the restoration he
was made governor of Dover Castle, comptroller of the navy, and
an admiral. Ob. 1671. He wrote some poems, in a collection
caned "Musarum Deliciæ, or the Muses' Recreation," ] 2mo.
1656.
COL. JOHN HEWSON. Vllildergucht sc. 8vo.
In Clarendon'.') " History."
The Giant II (JSON 10, tlLat is, (:'01. IlelosoJl,. 'lcllole
/en{;th, lvood-Cllt. Before the
'cCOJld part of "DOll JuaJl

4

III 0 G RA P II I CAL II IS TOR Y

LaJJzberto;l' or a conzical Hist01'}j of the late Tillles," .said
to be written hy Flat171an, Loud. 1661; 4to.
JOlIN HE"rSON; sword inlzis left Iland, s1Jzall wllole
length.

This man, who is represented in a buff coat, once wore a leather
apron; and from a mender of old shoes, became a reformer of
government and religion.. He was, allowing for his education, a
very extraordinary person. His behaviour in the army soon raised
him to the rank of a colonel; and Cromwell had so great an opi-
nion of hirrl as to intrust hiln with the government of tne city of
Dublin, whence he was caned to be a member of Barebone's par-
liament. He was a frequent speaker in that and the other parlia-
Inent of which he was a member, and was, at length, thought a fit
})erson to be a lord of the upper house. He was one of the com-
mittee of safety; and was, with several of his brethren, very intent
upon a new moùel of the republic, at the eve of the restoration.
This event occasioned his flying to Amsterdam, where he died in
his original obscurity. See more of hinl in the "History of Inde-
pendency," part iv. p. 79.

GENERAL l,OCKHART; frOJJz a drawing in tlte
]iing.s "Clarendon." R. Cooper sc.
SIR GEORGE LOCKHART; a 811zalloval; in the Bee; 8vo.
General Lockhart, a native of Scotland, was, by Cromwell (to
whom he was allied), held in the greatest trust and confidence.
After the death of Colonel Raynolds, Lockhart had the command
of the English forces sent against Dunkirk. The English foot,

'JII The e1evation of some of the lowest of the people, to offices of power and dis-
tinction in the army and the state, was matter of great offence to many. 1\luc1J

atire anù abuse were lavished upon those persons. The civil war was compared to
the- boiling of a pot, in which the scum rises uppermost.
I shaU take occasion to obsen'e IJere, that IJcw
on is said by 1\lr. Hume to have
gone, in the fervour of }Jis zeal against bear-baiting, and killed aU the bears which
he found in the city. But we are tolù by the author of" The :l\Iystery of the good
old Calise," a pamphlet published soon after these animals were destroyed, that
they were killed by Col. Pride. This is
upposed to have given occasion to the
well-kuown fiction of Hudibras. See the above-cited curious pamphlet, p. 1.'); or
the :same pamphlet, reprinted ill the" Parliamentary History."

OF ENGLAND.

5

under his command, charged the Spanish foot with great bravery,
whom they broke and utterly put to the rout. The French king,
Lewis XIV. at this time coming to the camp, attended by Cardinal
Mazarine, entered the town of Dunkirk, and took possession of it
11imself, which, as soon as he had done, he delivered into the hands
of Lockhart, whom Cromwell had appointed governor. He likewise
acted in the capacity of ambassador, and in all his transactions with
the French court decidedly had the advantage over Mazarine. After
the death of the Protector, Charles the Second tampered with him
to receive him into Dunkirk, as his sovereign; but he was of too
honourable a nature to betray the trust reposed in him by the par-
liament, who had continued him in the governlnent of the place. He
was removed from Dunkirk, a short time previous to the restoration.

COL. PENRUDDOCK. G. Vertue sc. III the pos-
scssion of his grandson Penruddock. One of the set of
Loyalist
..
COL. JOHN PENRUDDOCK; zn arllzour. In Lord
Clarendon's " History:'
This active and worthy loyalist was the third of the three sons
of Sir John Penruddock, of Compton Chamberlain, in Wiltshire,
who lost their lives in the service of the crown. He spent the early
part of his life in literary pursuits, and acquired the other accom-
plishments of a gentleman: but when the cause of his king and
country called him forth to action, he was among the foremost to
venture his life in that service. He was possessed of an easy for-
tune, was happy in the esteen1 of aU his acquaintance, and still
happier in his domestic relations. But with all these advantages
his happiness was not complete while his sovereign was in exile.
He, with several of his friends, rose in arms for the king
t Salis..
bury, and afterward proclaimed him at Blandford; but was soon
overpowered and taken by Co]. Unton Croke. He was beheaded,
in violation of a promise of quarter given him by that perfidious
man, the 16th of May, 1655. He died in a manner becoming a
soldier and a Christian. He appears to have been regardless of
death as it affected himself, bu t felt all that poignancy of g-rief,
which the best of husbands only could feel, for his separation frOIn
the most tender and amiable of wives. The letters which passed
betwixt this unfortunate pair, ,\ftcr their last sorrowful interview,

G

BIOGltAPIIICAL IIISTORY

are printed in Sir Richard Steel's" Lover." l\Irs. Penruddock's
letter, in particular, has several strokes in it of the most natural, the
most animated, and pathetic tenderness.

COLONEL JOlIN RA YNOLDS; fro77l a drawing
ill the ](iJlg's "Clarendon." R. Cooper sc.
Colonel Raynolds commanded the six thousand English, sent to
assist the French in their designs upon the strong places in Flan-
del's: the season of the year being too far advanced to lay siege to
Dunkirk, the forccs sat down before l\Iardike ; which being reduced,
the fort was deJivered into the hands of Raynolds, with a stipula-
tion to besiege Dunkirk the following year.
After the taking of l\Iardike, Colonel Raynolds intending to visit
his friends in England, was, together with some other officers that
accompanied him, cast away, and drowned at sea.

THOl\IAS SANDERS, de Ireton, Com. Derb.
Arm. nee non equitunl Tribunus. Balth. FlesllÍers p.
Loggan sc. h. slz.
TUOl\IAS S.d
DERS, de Ireton, &c. B. FleslÛcrs.
TV. Richart/son,. 8vo.
Thomas Sanders, esq. of Ireton and Caldwel1, in Derbyshire,
was a man of great influence in that county, of which he was c'usto

rotulorum and representative in parlian1ent, at the time of the In-
terregnum. Upon the eruption of the civil war, he had too much
spirit to be neutral or inactive, and therefore joined the parliament
army, to which he with great constancy and firmness adhered. I-Ie
commanded a regiment of horse in the service, and hore the rank
of a colonel till the restoration of Charles the Second. He died in
1695, aged 85 years. His estate at Calùwell is now possessed by
1\1r. Mortimer, who has several original letters of Oliver Cromwell,
addressed to Colonel Sanders.

MAJOR WILDMAN. lIoltarf.1G53. It is 1Jzen-
tioned in a J71allllScript cataloguc of English hcads, by
Vcrtllc, 1vhich is ill llL.lJ possession. Inscribed" .lVit Ad-
1Jzirari," in aJl úVlll of palnls.

OF EXGLAND.

7

l\rIAJOR JOHN 'V ILD
lAN; fronl the above. TV.llich-
{[ rdSOll.

John 'Vildman, who was educated in the university of Cambridge,
was a man of excellent parts, competent learning, insinuating ad-
dress, and ready elocution; and was, for several years, one of the
greatest confidants and most useful instruments of Cromwell. He
eagerly entered into the civil war with a view of making his fortune,
and seemed to possess every talent that was suited to the purposes
of his own ambition and the genius of the times. He preached,
prayed, and wrote with distinction; and was one of Harrington's
club, where he appeared to advantage as a politician. He had been
one of the principal agitators for Cromwell; but perceiving the ainl
of that aspiring man, he turned all his interest, and the whole force
of his pen, against him; and was employed in writing to inflame the
minds of the lerellcl's, of whom he was the incendiary and director,
when his papers were seized. He was, to the surprise of all men,
set at liberty, 'when they were in the highest expectation of his
execution. It was conjectured that the usurper was afraid of exas-
perating a formidable faction of the army; and that he, by saving
his life, had a farther view in engaging so able a man in his service,
from a principle of gratitude. He was aîterward generally believed

and indeed not lightly, to have been employed by him in secret
services. It appears that his pen was, during the war, of much
greater utility than his sword. See more of his character in Lord
Clarendon's" History."

COLONEL ED'V ARD ASHTON; a sllzallllead,
in the frontispiece to vVinstanley's " LoyallJIartyroloÆY,"
1665; 8vo.

COLONEL ED"" ARD ASHTON; cnlarg'ed front the
above print
. 8vo.

This gentleman was brought to trial before the hip;h court of
justice, that condemned Sir Henry Slingsby and Dr. Hewit;
charged with a design to fire the city, assassinate the Protector, and
. introduce monarchy in the person of Charles Stuart; several other
persons were implicated in this plot, and the governing power
having by imprisonment, and other sinister ends prevailed on S0111e

8

BIOGRAPHICAL IIISTOR Y

to accuse others, many, notwithstanding their innocence, were con-
demned, and among others Co1. Ashton, who was hanged, drawn,
and quartered, July 2, 1658.

COLONEL BENBOW; a s'J7zalllzead, in the fron-
tispiece to Winstanley's " Loyal lYIartyrology," 1665;
8vo.

COLON EL BENBO'V; cnlarp,'ed froJn the print ahove
.
8vo.

Colonel Benbow was one of the western gentlemen that rose
in arms to aid the cause of Charles the Second, about the t.ime he
marched his forces frOlTI Scotland towards Worcester; he had emi-
nently distinguished himself by his loyalty and valour, during the
'war; but falling into the hands of some republican troops, he was
shot to death at Shrewsbury, ill October, 165 I .

MR. BENSON; a sJ7zalllzead, in tIle frontispiece to
Winstanley's" Loyal lJ:la rty ro logy, " 1665; 8vo.
}\tIR. BENSON; enlar
'ed fronl tile above print
. 8vo.

Mr. llenson, who in the beginning of the war had served in the
parliament army under Sir John Gell, and was with him at the
siege of Lichfield; carne over to tbe king's party, and with Colonel
Eusebius Andrews, entered into a plan for the restoration of
Charles II. but the scheme being frustrated, through the treachery
of one Bernards, he was apprehended, brought to trial, found guilty,
and suffered death, Oct. 7, 1650.

MR. JOHN BETTELY; a s7nalllzelld, in the fron-
ti,,"picce to TVinstanlcy's" Loyal JJIartyrology," 1665; Svo.
MR. JOHN BETTELY; clllarg'ed fronz the above print;
8vo.
Mr. John Bettely, who, by Lord Clarendon's account, held the
rank of colonel in the royalist army, was apprehended, and brought
to trial before a high court of justice, at which Lisle presided;

"

OF ENGLAND.

9

charged with a design to fire the dty _of London, depose the Pro-
tector, and proclaim Charles Stuart k
ng" 'Vitnesses wen
seldom
wanting to establish proof against suspected persons; in con-
sequence he was found guilty," and suffered by hanging, in
Cheapside, July 2, 1658, solemnly protesting his innocence to the
las t.

MICHAEL BLACKBURN; a srnall head, in the
jrontispiecç to Winstanley's" Loyal Mal"tyrology," 1665;
8vo.
M
CHAEL BLACKBURN; enlarged fron-t the ahov.e
print; 8vo.
Michael Blackburn eminently distinguished himself by his ser-
vice and loyalty to Charles the First, in whose army he rose to
the rank of cornet of horse. He was one of the intrepid persons
that surprised and took Pomfret Castle, at the time Rainsborough,
the governor for the parliament, was put to death; and being .sus-
pected as one of his assassins was executed at York, August 23,
1649. '

CAPTAIN BROWN BUSHEL; a small head, in
the frontispiece to Winstanley's" Loyal Jý[artyrology,"
1665; Svo.
CAPTAIN BRO'VN BUSHEL; enlarg;ed from the print
above; 8vo.

Captain Brown Bushel, an expert seaman, was captain of a man
of war, and had some kind of cOlnmand in Scarborough, which he
delivered up to Sir Hugh Cholmondely, a great friend and partisan
of Sir John Hotham. Bushel soon aftel' changed sides, and, in
1643, openly revolted from the parlialnent, and was taken prisoner
at Hull for the same; but was exchanged by Hotham (then wind-
ing about to the king's party) for another person; he lived some
years in England, after the war had terminated, 1:1nnoticed ; but, in
1648, was taken into custody for his former desertion, and after
being detained prisoner about three years, was brought to tl'iaJ,
found guilty, and executed, April 29, 1651.

VOL. IV.

c

to llIOGRAPIIICAL lIISTOR Y

SIR TIMOTHY FETHERSTON-IIAUGH; II
. s'171all head, ill the frontispiece tv JVinstanley's "Loyal
1JI'al'.tyrology," 1665; 8vo.

SIR TI1\-IOTHY FETHERSTON-HAUGH; enlarg'edfr01J/'
tile above print; 8vo.
Sir Timothy Fetherston-haugh, a Lancashire gentleman, in con-
junction with the Earl of Derby, raised some forces in aid of
Charles the Second, on his feeble attempt to regain his father's
crown, but was defeated and made prisoner by the parliament army,
at Wigan, in Lancashire, and suffered death. Oct. 22, 1651.

COLONEL JOHN GERARD; a s1nall head, in
the frontispiece to Winstanley's "Loyal M'artyrology,"
] 665; 8vo.

COLONEL JOHN G'ERARD; enlarged frollz tILe above
print; 8vo.
Mr. Gerard, a young gentleman of a good family, who had been
an ensign in the king's army, was accused and brought to trial be-
fore a high court of justice in 1654, for having a design against the
life of the Protector, to seize upon the Tower, and to proclainl
Charles Stuart king. He was charged with" having been at Paris,
and having there spoken with the king;" which he confessed; and
declared " that he went to Paris upon a business that concerned
himself(which he named), and when he had dispatched it, and was
to return for England, he desired the Lord Gerard, his kinsman,
to present him to the king, that he might kiss his hand; which he
did in a large room, where were many present; and that, 'when he
asked his majesty, whether he would command him any service
into England? his majesty bid him to commend him to his friends
there, and to charge them that they should be quiet, and not en-
gage themselves in any plots; which must prove ruinous to them,
and could do him (the king) no good." -But however this might
have been palliated, it came out in proof that 1\11'. Gerard had been
present in a tavern, where ùiscourse had been held, " how easy a
. thing it was to kin the Protector, and at the same time to seize

OF ENGLAND.

] 1

upon the Tower of London; and that, if at the iame time the king
were proclaimed, the city of London would presently deélare for
his majesty, and nobody would oppose him."
Upon this evidence he was condemned to be hanged; but the
sentence was afterward changed to that of beheading, which was
executed on him July 10, 1654, on Tower-hill, in the 22d year of
his age. He told the officers that attended him on the scaffoJd,
" that if he had a hundred lives, he would lose them all to do the
king any service," and was now willing to die upon that suspicion;
but that he was very innocent of what was charged against him;
that he had not entered into, or consented to any plot or conspiracy,
1101' given any countenance to any discourse to that purpose; and
offered to speak to the people, and to magnify the king: but the
officers would not suffer him to proceed; and thereupon, with un...
daunted courage, he laid down his head upon the block, which was
struck off at one blow.

lVIR. EDWARD STACY; a sJJlall head, in the fron-
tispiece to Winstanley's "Loyal Martyrology," 1665 ;
8vo.
MR. ED'V ARD STACY; enlarg'ed fronl the above
print; 8vo.
Mr. Edward Stacy was accused, and brought to trial before a
high court of justice at the same time, and charged with the same
offence, as Colonels Ashton and Bettely; namely, to overturn the
then existing government, introduce anarchy, and set up Charles
Stuart. The witnesses to prove this conspiracy were the same
as against those unfortunate gentlemen, who were all found guilty.
1\lr. Stacy was executed July 4, 1658, opposite the Exchange, in
Cornhill, being the last person that suffered death under the usurpa-
tion of Cromwell. Lord Clarendon states him to have held the same
rank in the army as Ashton and Bettely.

GOFFE, colonel William; fronz a drawing in the
King's" Clarendon." R. Cooper sc.
Colonel Goffe, with Ingolsby and Whalley, proffered their
ervices
to Richard Cromwell, to oppose a new council of officen
, who had

12 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTOR Y

.
met by lheir own authority, and admitted Lambert, though no mem-
ber of the army, to consult with them as to the settlement of the
government: they even went so far as to offer to kill Lambert,
whom they looked upon as the author of this conspiracy, if Richard
would give a warrant to that purpose. ThÐ new Protector was
irresolute how to act, but in the end was prevailed upon by Fleet-
wood, Desborough, and some others, to sign a commission to
dissolve the parliament, which caused him in that minute to be
deprived of all his greatness and power. Ingolsby, 'Vhalley, and
Goffe, were cashiered, and Lambert restored to that power he had
been stripped of by Oliver. The dissensions between the army and
parliament, accelerated the return of General Monk from Scotland,
and brought about that change which so suddenly ensued.

COL. JOHN LILBURNE, in prison. VaJlderp;ucht
sc. 8vo.

JOHN' LILBURNE,
"tallding' at the har, on his trial.
At the top of the print is a medal of his head, 'lvitlz ill is
inscription: "John Lilhurne, saved by the power qf the
Lord, and the integrity of his jury, 'lvho are judg"es of
law, as well as fact. Oct. 26, 1649." TIle nallzes of
the jury are on the 'reverse. See Evelyn's" NunlÍsnzata,"
p. 170, 171, and SÏ1non's " Medals," plate 22.
John Lilburne was tried for transgressing the new statute of
treasons enacted by the Commonwealth. He behaved upon his trial
with his usual intrepidity; and, though guilty, was acquitted by the
jury, who bore very little respect to the legislature. Westminster
HaIl resounded with the acclamations of the people, and the medal
represented in the print was struck upon this joyful occasion. This
popular incendiary was known to have such influence over the re-
publicans and levellers that the parliament stood in great awe of
him, and therefore ordered him, after he was discharged by the
court, to be' sent to the Tower.

OF ENGLAND.

13

SCOTCH GENERALS.
DAVID LESLEY (or LESLIE), general of the
Scotch army; 8vo. In Clarcndon's " History."
DA VID LESLEY. Ravenet sc. In SJJlollett's" History
of England."
David Lesley, who was an able, though in some instances an
unfortunate general, learned the art of war under the great Gustavus
Adolphus. He defeated, but with a much superior army, the broken
forces of the heroic Marquis of Montrose. He reduced CrOlTIWeU
to great straits before the battle of Dunbar, and fought that fatal
battle merely in obedience to the 'pressing importunities of the sol-
diers. These deluded people were told by their ministers, that they
had been wrestling with the Lord all the night in prayer, and were
very confident that they had obtained the victory. . Cromwell, when
he saw them advancing to the engagement, exclaimed, with no less
confidence, " that the Lord had delivered them into his hands."
Lesley was a second time defeated by Cromwell at the battle of
Worcester, where he was taken prisoner, and sent to the Tower." He
was, upon the restoration, set at liberty, and created baron of
Newark. He is sometimes confounded with his kinsman, the Earl
of Leven.

SIR EWEN CAMERON, chief of the clan
Canleron.
" The honest man, whom virtue sways,
His God adores, his king obeys;
Does factions, men's rebelIious pride,
And threatning tyrants' rage deride;
Honour's his wealth, his rule, his aim,
Unshaken, fixt, and still the same."
In an oval, s'JJzall 410". own hair, cravat, ar17l0llr, 'rarc.
Copy of ditto.
Richardson.

Sir Ewen Cameron, of Lochiel, was uorn in tbe ycar 1629, and
brought up undcr the tuition and management of the Marquis of

]4

n lOG R.A P II I C .A 1.1 II 1ST 0 It Y

Argyle, who was executed soon after the rcstoration. Sir Ewen
may be classed with .l\lontrose and Dundee; being illustrious for
his Joyalty to his sovereign,. his invincible courage, and his pa-
tience and endurance of fatigue. He was strongly prejudiced in
favour of hereditary right, and when advanced in years, appeared
with a numerous train of his followers, the Camerons, at the battle
of Killicrankie, where he commanded those who stood near him to
make a great shout; this was re-echoed by aU the Scots under the
command of Lord Dundee. The king's army also. shouted, but
as Sir Ewen obscrved, in a I' dull, hollow, feeble tone;" a sure
prognostic of their defeat. This prediction, which animated Dun-
dee's army to the highest degree, was verified by the event,
Sir EweR Canleron died in 1718, at about ninety years of age,
having outlived all his faculties of mind and body, as to be treated
as a child, and rocked in a cradle. See his life in the Appendix to
" Pennant's Tour in Scotland."

OFFICERS OF THE NAVY.

ROBERT BLAKE, adlniral. AI. VaJlde'J'"g1Icht /:J'C.
8vo.
ROBERT BLAKE, general and admiral of the forces
of England, &c. Dellatus, 17 Aug. 1657, Æt. 59.

--------" Thy name
Was heard in thunder through th' affrighted shores
Of pale Iberia, of submissive Gaul,
And Tacrus tremblinD' to its utmost source.
o 0
o ever faithful, vigilant, and brave,
Thou bold asserter of Britannia's fame,
Unconquerable Blake!"

Glover's" London," p. 21.

Done fronz a painting (late) in the possession if lJIr. J.
AllZCS, by Captain ThoJJzas Preston.

. He was honoured with a letter of thanks from King Charles II. and was a de-
termined enemy to Cromwell. After all the neighbouring chiefs were' subdued, he
continued the terror of his enemies; till at last he submitted <In the must honourable
terms, and no oath was required of Lodliel to Cromwell, but his word of bonour to
live in peace.

OF ENG LAN D.

15

ROBERT BLAKE. C. Tllrlle1
sc. 1810; in an oval;
'Ine.z'z'. 4to.

ROBERT BLAKE; in the" O.lford Almallack," 1738.
Blake, who had approved himself a good soldier in the course of
the civil war, when he was above fifty years of age, took the com-
mand of the fleet. His want of experience seems to have been of
great advantage to him: he followed the light of his own genius
only, and was presently seen to have all the courage, the conduct,
and the precipitancy of a good sea-officer. Forts and castles by
land were no longer dreaded, or thought impregnable: he attempted
whatever opposed him, and was generally successful in his attempts.

The very temerity of his enterprises struck terror into his enemies,
and contributed greatly to his success. He not only improved the
method of attack, but- carried the naval power of Cromwell to a
greater height than had been known in any age or nation.

SIR RICHARD STAINER; 711ezz. 81Jzall 4lo.
Woodburn eJ,'c.

Sir Richard Stainer was knighted by Cromwell, at Whitehall,
June 11, 1657, for his valour at the time he commanded the ship
of war named the Speaker, in tbe sea-fight under Blake, against
the Spaniards. He was appointed by Oliver vice-admiral, and
Charles II. sent him to command the garrison of Tangier, until the
governor arrived. He was descended fr01n a most respectable fa-
mily at Droitwich, in 'Vorcestershire. Leaving no children, he
bequeathed his property to his brother; who, by involving himself
in a law-suit with the Salt Company of Droitwich, was obliged to-
dispose of his estates to the ancestor of Lord Foley. His son was
afterward reduced to the necessity of getting relief in the '\tV ork-
hou3e of Birmingham; where, in the midst of his wretchedness, it is
said, he retained his family pride. lIe certainly was an object of
great compassion, as his father ruined himself by inventing the pre-
sent cheap method of making salt.

PEN, reipublicæ Anglicanæ vice-præfectus n1aris.
i1 hcal! ill all oval,. 12JJlo.

16

ßIOGRAPIIICAI
IIISTOR Y

\Villiam Pen had aU those qualifications of a sea-officer which
natural courage and experience can give a man of a very moderate
capacity. He was wen qualified to act an under part, in executing,
with alacrity and vigour, what had been planned by his superiors in
command. He was vice-admiral, under Monck and Dean, in the
famous sea-fight with the Dutch, that continued three days, and in
which the gallant Tromp was defeated. He was, without declaration
of war, sent to take St. Don1ingo from the Spaniards. The design
was well laid by Cromwell, and would have been executed with
.great facility by a Blake; but it exceeded the capacity of Pen.
In this'" expedition he took Jamaica, a colony which cost a gt.eat
deal of blood and treasure; but which, in process of time, proved
advantageous to the nation. He was father of a much greater
man than himself, who is well known among the Quakers as a
preacher and a writer; and throughout the world as the founder
and legislator of the colony of Pennsylvania.. There is a charac-
teristic account of Admiral Pen, in the" Continuation of Lord
Clarendon's Life," p. 478.

· See a good account of })im, in his legislative capacity, in the" Account of the
EUI'opean Settlements in America."t This illustrious person had both great and
amiable qualities, and was no stranger to the essentials of good breeding, though he
was too stubborn to yield to the forms of it. He had, or affected to have, all "the
spirit of the hat," which availed him much as the leader of a people who made it
part of their religion. "Ve are credibly informed, that he sat with his hat on before
Charles II. and that If the king, as a gentle rebuke for his ill manners, put off his
own. Upon which Pen said to him, Friend Charles, why dost thou not keep on
th,)' hat? The king answered, 'Tis the custom of this place, tbat never above one
person should be covercd at a time."t

t By Edmund Durke, esq. but without his name.
t Gray's"' IIuùiuras," i. p. 37G.

....

OF ENGLA:'1D.

17

CLASS VIII.

GENTLEMEN, AND PERSONS IN INFERIOR
CIVIL EMPLOYMENTS.

GULIELMUS P ASTON, baronettus, 1659.. Fai-
tlzorne sc. h. she This head is exquisitely finished,
and is, by Mr. 'Valpole, esteemed the masterpiece
of Faithorne.-There is a portrait of him, by Van

dyck, at Mr. Windham.s, at Felbridge, in Norfolk.

Sir'Villiam Paston, of Oxnet, or Oxnead, in Norfolk, was de-
scended from Sir Clement Paston, an eminent sea-captain, who
signalized himself in the reign of Henry VIII. by taking the baron
of Blancard, admiral of France, prisoner, and bringing him into
England. He was the first, as Lloyd informs us, " that made the
English navy terrible."* Sir William was eminently a gentleman,
and was also distinguished as a traveller. He not only made the
usual tour, but was carried by his ardent curiosity, into Asia and
Africa. Few men of his time were more esteemed for their general
knowledge. He was generous, charitable, and loyal; and piqued
himself upon keeping up the ancient hospitality of the family.t He
died in 1662.! He was father to Sir Robert Paston, who, for his
eminent services in the civil war, and his activity at the restoration,
was created viscount Yarmouth, 25 Car. II. Fu Her mentions a
free-school, founded and handsomely endowed by Sir '\Villiam Pas-
ton, knight, at North-Walsarn, in Norfolk. Quære if by the same
person.

Created
8 June,
1641.

SIR ROBERT SHIRLEY, bart. (whose singular
praise it is, to have done the best things in the worst
tit-nes, and hoped then1 in the most calan1itous.) J.
Basire sc. In Nichols's "Leicesterslzire."

.. u Worthies," 8\'0. first ('dit. p.
02.
t See the Dedication to 1\1:1y'8 " Accomplished Cook."
tRey. Mr. CullullJ.
VOL. IV. D

18

BIO G R.L\PIII C.AL IIIST 0 R Y

Sir Robert Shirley, the fourth baronet of his family, and the only
surviving son of Sir Henry, was an early and zealous advocate for
the cause of Charles I. which involved him, at the latter end of May,
1648, in a dispute with the parliamentary garrison at Ashby-de-Ia-
Zoueh; and was like to have been attended with serious con-
sequences. The particulars of the charges against him, were as
follow :-
1 st. " That Sir Robert Shirley, with his men ahd some malig-
nants, being drinking at Ashby-de-Ia-Zouch, some of his men
quarrelled in the street with a soldier of that garrison for the par-
liament; and Sir Robert did ride up to them with his sword by his
side, and said he would justify the men in doing it.
2d. "That, Sir Robert Shirley being disarmed by the soldier, he
did ride up with his men to the guard of the garrison, and refused
to stand or stay when the guard willed him so to do, saying he
would come in; and some of his men struck the soldiers on guard,
which occasioned a tumult. And the governor coming forth, paci..
tied it, and took Sir Robert into his chamber there; where Sir Ro-
bert said, , he would justify his n1en in what they had done, though
they had killed some of the soldier8.'
3d. "That, Sir Robert Shirley being there afterward, he wished
two of his men to bring up his cornet and his troop; and thereupon,
being sent away with a guard to Leicester, he said he had one
hundred muskets hid in a coal-pit, and twenty-five case of pistols
hid there; and that he would be plundering the governor's
chamber.
4th. " That, Sir Robert Shirley being thereupon confined to Lei-
cester, and some prisoners of quality brought in from 'Villoughby
fight, Sir Robert went to the marshal's house without leave, and
bestowed store of wine and bread on them, and sat up most part
of the night in private converse and speech with them.
5th. " That Sir Robert Shirley afterward gave colours to divers
malignants in Leicester; the committee there at the same time Jist-
ing and giving colours for the parliament."
In June, 1648, he underwent an examination OIl the above parti-
culars, but it does not appear in what manner this unpleasant matter
wa$ ended. The loyalty of Sir Roþert, in several other instances,
having drawn on him the vengeance of the usurping powers, he
was on seven different occasions imprisoned. On the 4th of l\lay,
1650, a 'Yarrant was issued from the council of state, to seize,
inventory, and secure, all the estates, real and persona], of Sir

OI
ENGL1\ND.

19

Robert Shirley, bart. accused of high delinquency; and he was
hi.mse]f sent to the Tower of London, as a close prisoner, by an
order of the council of state.
How soon after this he was again imprisoned, we do not learn;
but by his last will, dated Nov. 29, 1654, he gave 10001. to be dis-
posed of unto such distressed persons as had lost their estates in
the service of the late King Charles, in such manner as his executors
should think fit. In case the church he was then building at
Staunton Harold should not be finished before his death, he be-
queathed so much as his executors should think convenient to
perfect the same accordi.ng to his intention; and directs restitution
.to be made of whatever rents or profits he had received of any
impropriation, tithes, or lands, belonging to any cburches, cha-
pels, &c.; the same to be distributed among orthodox and dis-
tressed clergymen, at tl1e discretion of his executors. I-Ie died in
the Tower, in the very prime of life (not having attained his 28th
year), Nov. 6, 1656; not without suspicion of poison.
Sir Robert Shirley married, in or about 1647, Catherine, daughter
of Humphrey Okeover, esq. of Okeover, in the county of Stafford,
and 'Vimeswould, in the county of Leicester, by whom he had
issue three sons; 1. Seymour, his successor; 2. SewalIis, who died
an infant; 3. Robert, afterward the seventh baronet. Also two
daughters; Catherine, married to Peter Venables, esq. baron of
Kinderton, in the county palatine of Chester; and Dorothy, married
to George Vernon, esq. of Sudbury, in the county of Derby, from
whom the present Lord Vernon is descended.

SIR HENRY SlJNGSBÿ-; (a Nova Scotia ba-
ronet.) Front an orig'inal, in the possession of -
Talbot, esq. Vertue sc. One of the set of Loyalið'ls.
SIR H. SLINGSBY, bart. J. Basire sc.
Sir Henry Slingsby, a gentleman of an ancient family in Yorkshire,
spent a great part of his ample fortune in the service of Charles I.
I-le raised six hundred horse and foot at his own expense, and
marched at the head of them into the field, to assist the king. He
was ever in action, during the civil war; and, after the death of
Charles, was ever solicitous for the restoration of his son. He was
long a prisoner at I-IuIl; and was t.ried for contracting with some
officers to deliver up one of the block-houses, in that garrison, for

20

BIOGRAPHICAL IIISTORY

the service of Charles II. Cromwell, who was informed that the
royalists throughout the kingdom were intent upon a scheme to
restore the king, was res01ved to intimidate that party, by sacri.
ficing Sir IIenry Slingsby and Dr. Hewit. They were brought be-
fore the high court of justice where Lisle presided. They denied
the jurisdiction of the court, but were condemned without any cere.
mony. Sir I-Ienry Slingsby was a man of deeds rather than words:
he said very little upon his trial, and as little upon the scaffold.
He persisted in his loyalty, and told the people that he died for
being an honest man. He was beheaded the 8th of June, 1658.

SIR FRANCIS 'VILLUGHBY, (or WIL-
LOUGHBY). T. Afan f. 4to. 'lJlezz.
In the print, which is extremely rare, is a view of W ollaton.hal1,
his seat, built in a very particular style. There is a just represen-
tation of it, by Hollar, in Thoroton's "Nottinghamshire." This
portrait was in the po
session of Sir William Musgrave, bart. now
of Sir M. M. Sykes.
Sir Francis 'Yillughby, a gentleman of a plentiful fortune and
estimable char2.cter, was descended from two ancient families of
his name; the one seated at Eresby s in Lincolnshire, the other on
the 'Y oulds, in N ottingllamshire. He was ancestor to the present
Lord Middleton, and father of Francis Willughby, esq. one of
the most distinguished naturalists that this kingdom has produced.
The son was prevented from publishing many of his valuable col-
lections by his untimely and lamented death, which happened
July 3, 1672, in the 37 th year of his age. His" Ornithology,"
being a n1ethodical hist.ory of birds, was published, both in Latin
and English, by his friend Mr. John Ray. His U History of
Fishes," in Latin, was published at the expense of the Royal So-
ciety: this is less perfect than the other. Indeed this part of na-
tural history is, for obvious reasons, very imperfectly kno\vn. See
a good account of him in the preface to his " Ornithology."

SIR FRANCIS ENGLEFIELD, knight and
baronet, of W OOt011 Basset, in the county of Wilts.
Faithorlle sc. half slicet,. e.'l'tra 1'"arc.:iF

· The print of Sir Francis Englefield, which is one of the scarcest in tbe English

crie5, was bought by Sir 1\'1. M. Sykcs, at the sale of Sir James Winter Lake's P01'-
traits, in the year 1808, for 5cvcnt.y guineas.

OF ENGLAND.

21

Sir Francis Englefield (descended from a family, surnamed from
the town of Englefield or Englesfield, in Berkshire, seated there
264 years prior to the Norman conquest) received the honour of
knighthood from king James I. at East Hamsted, Aug. 10, 1622.
Sir Francis was brought up in the Catholic faith, and being alar-med
at the persecution, commenced against those of his persuasion, in
the beginning of King Charle's troubles, procured the foIlowing
grant of indemnity fronl being prosecuted on the score of religion.

" CHARLES REX.
" Whereas our trusty and well-beloved Sir Francis Engl(::field,
knight and baronet, being a recusant, is thereby subject to our
laws and statutes in that case provided: these are to signify our
royal will and pleasure, that no person or persons shall, at any time
hereafter, sue, prosecute, or implead, either by way of indictment,
information, or otherwise, against the said Sir Francis, for being a
recusant, or convicted by virtue of any of our laws or statutes
against popish recusants, till we shaIl signify our pleasure to the
contrary.. Given under our signet, at our palace of Westminster,
Dec. 6, in the 10th year of our reign."
He married Winifred, daughter and coheir of vVilIiam Brooksby,
of Sholeby, in the county of Leicester, esq. by whom he had one
son, Sir Francis his successor, and three daughters. He died ill
May, 1665, and was buried in Englcfield church, Berkshire, with
this inscription to his memory.
" Here lies the body of Sir Francis Englefield, bart. He was
buried in May, 1665, in the grave where formerly Sir Eùward
.Norris had been interred."

SIR JOlIN DANVERS; front a drazving zn lite
](ing"s" Clarendon." R. Cooper sc.

Sir John Danvers, younger brother and heir of the Earl of Danby,
was one of the gentlemen of the privy-chamber to Charles I. but
being of a vain and ostentatious nature, had contracted several
debts, which he was unable to pay. In order to repair his broken
fortune, he condescended to become the tool of Cromwell, who
employed and despised him at the same time. lIe was one of the
judges who sat on the trial of Charles I. and escaped being brought
to trial by dying before the restoration.

22

B lOG RA P II I CA L II 1ST 0 R Y

SIR PETER TEl\tJPLE, knt. R. Gay'wood f.1658;
12nlO. Tile plate is ill the possession of the AIarqllis life
Bucking'hanl.

SIR PETER TEl\IPLE, knt. TV. Richardson.

It appears, upon searching the pedigrees of Earl Temple and
Lord Palmerston, that there was only one Sir Peter in both fami-
lies. This gentleman had two wives, but neither of them was
named Eleanor.- It is evident, then, that the person in question is
another Sir Peter Temple, or Peter Temple, esq. t who served an
apprenticeship to a linen-draper, in Friday-street, Lonùon; but,
\1pOn the death of his elder brother, he left his trade, and took pos-
session of an estate of about 400l. a year, in Leiccstershire; and
being elected a representative for the town of Leicester, in 1640

sat in the Long Parliament, where he rendered himself so consider-
able, that he was nominated one of the king's judges, and signed
the warrant for his execution. He was therefore excepted by name
from the act of oblivion at the restoration. His life was, however

spared; but he was sentenced to perpetual imprisonment, where he
probably ended his days.

SIR HUGH CART'VRIGHT, Che\
alier Anglois,
ugé 60, An. 1656. Diepcnveke del. Lucas Vorster1Jlall,
jUll. sc. h. sh.
SIR HUGH CART'VRIGHT. DiepcnbelLe del. 4to.
JV. Richardson.

Sir Hugh Cartwright was a younger son of 'Villiam Cartwright,
esq. of Ossington, in Nottinghamshire, whose family are of great
antiquity in that county. Sir Hugh married the daughter and co-
heiress of Cartwright, of Edington; by her he left a son, seated at
Edíngley; and a daughter, who married \Villiam Cartwright,esq. of
Normanton. Sir Hugh lies buried in Southwelll\Iinster, but the
inscription is defaced. He is mentioned in Lord Clarenùon's
"History," vol. 3. b.XI.

· See Class XI.
t His name is not in the list of Cromwell's knight'S.

OF ENGLAND.

23

SIR RICHARD CIIIVERTON, lord mayor of
London; sitting' ill an elbo1v-chair. This print is un-
COlnnlOll. Sir Richard Chiverton was elected into
office, 1657.

ROBERT HENLEY, esq. "Faithorne ad vivllmf.
1658.'
*

I take this gentleman to have been the same person with Sir
Robert Henley, knight, who was master of the King's Bench office:
but quære. Quære also, whether his father did not build the
Grange, in Hampshire, after a plan of Inigo Jones: this is one of
the most capital of his works. Sir Robert Henley was undoubtedly
the direct ancestor of Robert, earl of Northington.

ROBERT RAWLINSON, of Cark, in Lanca-
shire, esq. Ob. 1665, Æt. 55.t Nutting sc. 4to.

Robert Rawlinson, of Cark-hall, in Lancashire, was descended
from a very ancient family of that name" formerly seated at Furnace
Fells, in the same county. This gentlelnan was son of \Villiam
Rawlinson, esq. by l\Iargaret Curwen, only daughter of Walter
Curwen, of Mireside-haIJ, in Cartmell, esq. He was man)" years
a justice of the peace; one of the justices of Oyer and Terminer
for the counties palatine of Lancaster and Cheshire, and vice-cham-
berlain for the city of Chester. He was father to Curwen Raw-
linson, and grandfather to Christopher Rawlinson, esq. a person of
some eminence, who is again mentioned in the reign of Charles II.

MR. JOHN CLEYPOLE ; a slnall head ill SÙno/l's
"lJIedals." G. Vertue sc. 4to.
MR. JOHN CLEYPOLE. fJZ 11faddocks sc. 4to.

This gentleman, who married Elizabeth, the favourite daug'hter of
Oliver Cromwell, had permission in August, 1651, to raise a troop

· Vertue's MS.
t This head is in the same plate with Nicholas l\Ionc1., bi:shop of Hereford, and
several others of the Rawlinson famiJy.

24

BIOGRAPJIICAL HISTORY

of horse, of such as should voluntarily come to him, in the counti(>s
of Northampton and Lincoln, or elsewhere, and they were to be
paid by the parliament, according to the establishment of the army.
When his father-in-law was invested with the title of Protec-
tor, he receivell from him the office of master of the horse; and,
as such, led the horse of state at the inauguration, going bare-
headed on one side of the Protector's body-coach, with Strickland,
captain of the guard to his highness; he acted in the same capacity
at the sec.oDd, or more magnißcent investment, when he stood. Ïln-
mediately behind the Protector during the ceremony. .
His mild and gentle disposition rendered him unfit for any ser-
vices of Cromwell's but such as were of the peaceable kind, and
which he was lavish in giving him, both as the husband of his fa-
vourite child, and as a most amiable person. Oliver nicely adapted
the places to the persons he employed; instead therefore of ap-
pointing IVlr. Cleypole to be a major-general, where severity and
rigour was nece8sary, he gave him places of great honour and emolu-
ment, but of such a nature as the most scrupulous might accept,
even during a usurpation: perhaps he had a farther design in
this, that he might not feel the effects of any future revolution,
that might have otherwise endangered his fortunes, and conse-
quently his dearest daughter's. Her delicacy too, in these matters,
might also have its weight; from some, or all of these causes, we
do not see him employed in any office of magistracy.
He was appointed by his father-in-law one of the lords of his
bed-chamber, clerk of the hanaper, and ranger of \Vittlewood, or
'Vittlebury forest, in N orthamptonshire, where he built a magnifi-
cent seat, which now belongs to the Duke of Grafton, the first duke
having had a grant of the forest in 1685, with the title of hereditary
ranger. To raise him still farther above the rank of a private g'cn-
tIeman, he was created a baronet, July 16, 1657, having that day
been knighted at \Vhitehall; and ill the same year he was made
one of the lords, and placed in his father's other house.
During the short reign of his brother-in-law Richard, he retained
all his places at court, and carried the sword of state when his
highness went to open his parliarnent.-As he had never, during
the time of his relations' holding the helm, done any action that
could even inconvenience an individual, at the restoration he found
not an enemy, but in everyone a friend.
Some years afterward, however, when the court and the countt.y
vied with each other, which could invent the most improbable and

OF ENGLAND.

25

ridiculous plots, 11e, the most unlikely man in the three kingdoms,
was fixed upon to be the head and contriver of one against the royal
family, in consort with the old Oliverian party. Upon this pretence
he was apprehended in June, 1678, and sent to the Tower; obtain-
ing a habeas corpus to the King's Bench, he thought to procure
bail; but though many persons, to whOln no objection could be
made, offered themselves for that purpose, yet Chief-justice Scoggs,
who was the tool of the court, set the penalty so high, that his
friends thought it prudent to decline it; he was therefore re-
manded back to the Tower; but the next term, as no evidence
appeared against him, and what was, perhaps, much more fortunate
to him, a counter-plot began to work, he was discharged. His only
crime, says an historian, " seems to be his having married one of
Cromwell's daughters ;" which Charles II. would gladly have done,
if he could by it have recovered his crown.
History is silent what became of him after his enlargement;
probably he returned to his estate ill N orthamptonshire, where
he resided when he was taken into custody, and there spent the
remainder of his life in a happy tranquillity, which his virtues de-
&erved, and which, from his taste for study, he certainly might do,
without ever looking Lack to those gay scenes his youth had been
spent in. He had a taste for mathematics, and probably architec-
ture, as he was the intÌlnate friend of Mr. afterward Sir Christopher
Wren: in his religious sentilnents he was a Presbyterian, and in
that communion died.

SIR HEN R Y HYDE; a s17zall head, ill the f'rontis..
piece to WinstanlcJ's "LoyaIJJIartyrolog-y," 1665; 8vo.
SIR HENRY HYDE; enlargcd fronz the sa'lJle print;
8vo.
Sir Henry Hyde, brother to the Earl of Clarendon, a gentleman
of great knowledge and ability, particularly expert in navigation,
was selected by Charles the Second, during his exile, to represent
llÌm as ambassador to the Grand Signior, both as to matters con..
cerning his state and dignity; as for the protection
f his loyal
subjects, as merchants trading to the Porte. The English govern-
ment under the Commonwealth, however, so wrought on the Vizier
by their agents, that he was seized on, and sent prisoner to England
before he had an opportun,ity of obtaining an audience or presenting
YOLo IV. Z

26

B lOG R
\. P II I C A L II 1ST 0 R Y

his credentials. After remaining some time in the Tower, he was
brought before a hig'h court of justice, purposely erected, and
charged with the design of seizing the English merchants' effects in
the Turkish dominions; and affronting Sir Thomas Bendish, the
Commonwealth's resident there, with his new commission. After
a trial of considerable length, in which he most ably defended him-
self, wholly denying any responsibility to the Commonwealth, as a
subject, having a commission from his sovereign out of their juris-
diction, in a foreign land, he was found guilty, and sentenced to
be beheaded, which death he suffered against the Old Exchange,
in Cornhill, March 4, 1650, courageously glorying in the cause he
suffered.

MR. GIBBONS; a s'17zalllzead, in the frontispiece
to JVillstallle}J'
. " Loyal .lJfartyrology," 1665; 8vo.

MR. GIBBONS; enlarged froJJz the print above;}' 8vo.

l\Ir. Gibbons, a rigid Presbyterian, was charged with high-treason
against the state, for holding a correspondence with Charles the
Second and his party, and supplying them with money, contrary
to an act of parliament in that case provided
He was brought
before a high court of justice, with 1\1r. Love a Presbyterian clergy-
man, and both sentenced to death, by beheading; which was exe-
cuted on them August 20, 1651, on Tower-hill.

MR. KENSEY; a small head, in thefrolltíspiece to
Ulillstanley's "LoyallJfartyroloBY," 1665; 8vo.

IVIR. KENSEY; enlarged fronz the print above; 8vo.

1\1'r. Kensey, a gentleman of great credit and esteem in the west
country, was one of those royalists who joined Colonels Penrud-
dock and Grove in their rising at Salisbury, in order to proclaim,
and restore King Charles the Second; but the enterprise failing,
Mr. Kensey with eleven other gentlemen, were taken prisoners,
tried by a council .of war, found guilty, and suffered death at
Exeter in May, 1655.

OF ENGLAND.

27

ANTHONY ASCI-IAM; frOlll, a dra'lving 2r
the
King/ s " Clarendon." R. Cooper sc. .
Anthony Ascham was chosen by the parliament to be sent into
Spain, as their agent, or ambassador, to reconcile that court to the
measures which England had adopted with respect to the late king;
but he had scarcely entered l\Iadrid a day, when himself and in-
terpreter a Franciscan friar, named Riba, were assassinated in their
chamber, by about half a dozen persons who went with a determi-
nation to sacrifice Ascham, who had a hand in drawing up the
charge against Charles I. and was author of " A Discourse on the
Revolutions and Confusions of Governments." The murderers
escaped unmolested., and sought sanctuary in an adjoining chapel,
from whence, with the exception of one, they subsc(luently made
their escape unnoticed.

JOHN HOLT. Loggan sc. Over llis /Zead are two
',withered branches of cypreð's.

This print was prefixed to " A plant of Paradise, being a Sermon
preached at St. Martin's in, the Fields, at the Funeral of John
Goodhand Holt, the young Son, only Child, and hopeful Heir of
Thomas Holt, of Grislehurst, in the county of Lancaster, Esq.
19 r\Iarch, 1659; by R. M. (Mossom) Minister of St. Pet. P. W.""
London,'. printed 1660. The text is from Ezekiel,chap. xvii. v.22.
" I will crop off from the top of bis young twigs a tender one, and
will plant it on a hig'h mountain and eminent." This' young gen-
tleman, whom the author styles "the last-born of the family, ar.d
the first-born of his mother;' died of a fever, upon the 12th of
lVlarch, 1659, in the 12th year of his age.

PERSONS IN CIVIL EMPLOYMENTS.

JOHN MILTON, who wrote and spoke the Latin tongue with
great facility and elegance, was Latin secretary to Cromwell. His
letters, which are still extant, have been ever esteemed the com-

.. St. Peter's, Paul's Wharf. '

28

BI.OGRAPIIICAL IIISTOR Y

ple
est models for his successors in that office.'" See Class IX. in
this, and the two preceding reigns.

SIR CHRISTOPHER l
ACKE, knt. lord lnayor
of London, 1655; in J.,Tichols's c, History qf Leicester-
shire. "

Christopher Packe, esq. citizen and draper, was tbe son of Chris-
topher Packe, of Finchley, in the county of lVIiddlesex, (a merchant
of London, and derived from a family originally of Northampton-
shire). In an ordinance of parliament, Oct. 9, 1646, for settling
the possession of the bishops' lands to the use of the Commonwealth,
Mr. Packe was appointed a trustee. He was elected alderman of
Cripplegate-ward, Oct. 4, 1647, and so acceptable were his magis-
terial services, that, on the 9th of February following, he was one of
the four persons nominated by the ward of Langbourn to be their
alderman; but, not having then been two years an alderman in his
former ward, he was ineligible.
Jan. 19, 1648-9, he purchased for 81741. 16s. 6d. the manor of
the bishop of Lincoln, at Buckden; which for some time became
his occasional residence. May 30, 1649, he was one of the fifteen
aldermen who attended the lord mayor, in proclaiming the act for
abolishing the kingly government; June 10, was again put in no-
mination as an alderman for the ward of Cheap; and on Midsum-
mer-day following was elected one of the sheriffs of London. Oct. 2,
having been nOlninated an alderman for Cornhill-ward, he accepted
the change; but, in a few days, was prevailed on to continue with
his original fl'iends. At Michaelmas 1654, he was elected to fill
the civic chair; and took his seat October 2, as "lord mayor elect."
About this period he received the honour of knighthood from
Oliver Cromwell, the lord-protector, at 'VhitehalI; and in the
entry of the proceedings of the first court of aldermen which he
held, Nov. 7, he is styled "the Right I-Ionourable Sir Christopher
Packe, lord mayor." Sept. 20, 1655, he was al)pointed joint-trea..
surer, with Alderman Viner, for the money, which was a very large
sum collected throughout the kingdom, for the use of the suffering

· In tl1e negotiations with the Swedish ambassador, in 1656, he complained to
Whitlock of the delay of his business, and of sending the articles of the treaty
with Sweden H to OIlC 1\lr. l\Iilton, a bJind man, to pt1t them into Latin." See
Whitlock's 111\1emorials," p. 633.

OF ENGLAND.

29

'Valdenses in Piedmont. In January 1655-6, the lord-protectol"
and his council purposed to send Sir Christopher Packe, in conjunc-
tion with Mr. Whitlock, on an extraordinary embassy to the King
of Sweden; their intention in sending Sir Christopher being to mani-
fest the engagement of the city in the business. Feb. 21, 1656-7,
being at that time a commissioner of the customs, and treasurer at
war, he brought forward the important question, " That the Pro..
tector might be desired to assume the style of king, as the most
known and agreeable government;" and had, for a short time, the
title of " Lord Packe," as one of Oliver's" other house of parlia-
ment." May 8, 1660, he regularly attended, as an alderman, at
the king's proclamation; and on the 5th of June f'igned a decla-
ration together with the lord mayor, one of the sheriffs, and ten
other aldermen, of " their acceptance of his majesty's free and ge-
neral pardon; engaging (by God's assistance) to continue his ma-
jesty's loyal and obedient subjects." Notwithstanding this, he was
included, June 16, amongst the twenty persons, "to be excepted
out of the act of general pardon and oblivion, for and in respec.t
only of such pains, peGalties, and forfeitures (not extending to life),
as shall be thought fit to be inflicted on him by another act intended
to be hereafter passed for that purpose; but, on the 13th of August,
at the express recommendation of the House of Lords, his name
was omitted in the list of persons excepted;" provided, however,
tþat he should never from that time accept any office, ecclesias-
tical, civil, or military, or any other public employment. He was
accordingly, with six others who had been lord mayors during the
usurpation, removed from the office of aldermen, and, after that
period, resided many years in hospitable retirement at Cotes, where
he was living at the time of the heraldic visitation in l\Iarch 1681-2;
but died on the 17th of May following, at the age of about 89.

JOHN NASH, esq. alderman of Worcester, born
in the year 1590; gave various charities to the citi-
zens. J. Ross sc. h. sit. In Nash
s " J-listory of Wor-
cestersltire. "

This benevolent gentleman left to honest young tradesmen 300/.
to be lent without interest. To the parishes of St. l\lartin and
81. Helen 8l. yearly to apprentice young lads. To trustees, named,
he gave sundry estates in Powick and St. l\lartin's, together with

30

llIOGRAPIIICAL IIISTOR Y

the tithe of Powick, as a perpetual fund for the building and en-
dowment of a hospital for eight poor Olen and two poor women,
preferring always such as shall be of his nalne or kindred. He
orders the overplus and savings of his estate, before bequeathed
(whilst it is a small sum), to be lent to young tradesmen without
interest, but when it shall amount to a sum sufficient to purchase
lands of the clear yearly value of 81. the same to be given to the
parishes of St. Andrew and St. Nicholas, for the apprenticing
young lads, and so in like manner 41. yearly to the several parishes
of St. Peter, All Saints, and St. Swithill; and to St. Clement and
St. Alban, 21. each yearly. The next savings from his estate, when
under 1001. to be lent to young tradesmen gratis, when it amounts
to that snm, to be laid out in land. and the produce applied to cloth-
ing poor freemen for ever. He orders that no lease of his estate
thus bequeathed, be made in reversion or for a term exceeding
twenty-one years from the commencement thereof in possession. He
orders that the corporation of the city of Worcester shaH use their
best means, at the charge of his executors, to have his charities
settled by act of parJiament. He orders likewise his will, so far as
relates to his charitable bequests, to be publicly read by the town-
clerk, at the Guildhall of the said city, on the first :Friday in Lent,
and he to receive for his trouble five shillings. How well these
his wise directions have been observed, a strict inquiry will best
(lec1are. The picture of Alderman Nash, from which the print i:s
taken, was painted in 1658.

CLAS SIX.

l\IEN OF GENIUS AND LEARNING.
PHYSICIANS.
THE. TURQUE1-' de MAYERNE, eques auratus,
patl
ia Gallus, l'"elig'ioue refol.Jnatus, dip;Jlitlite barD, pro-
fessione alter Flippocrates, ac triu17Z regu17z (c.1:e1n}Jlo
ral'"issÏ1no) archiater, "5"'c. .lEt. 82. Before Izis JVorks;
folio ·

OF ENGLAND.

31

THEO. de MAYERNE, eques auratus, baro Albonæ,
in aula rnagnæ regis Britalllliæ,. archiatroru1Jl COl1les,
Æt. 82. JJZ Elder sc. 8vo.

Both these prints represent him holding a scull. He is perhaps
as fine a figure, for a man of 82, as was ever seen.

THEO. de MAYERNE; in a looseflowered dress,. left
hand on a stick; 8vo. scarce.

THEO. de MAYERNE; in do. 12mo. See the pre-
ceding reign, Class IX.

WALTER CHARLTON; neatly eng'raved hy P.
LOlnbart,. 8vo. prçfi':l
ed to his " Treatise on the Soul,"
1657. This plate has four Latin lines; the name of
Charleton and the lines have been erased, and since
printed inside of a border plate, with the name and
lines at the botton1 of the border, so as to form a
folio print. See an account of this learned and emi-
nent physician, in the reign of C HA RLES II.

CHRISTOPHORUS BENEDICTUS; without
his 'Jlalne. Under tIle head is this distich:

" Hospitii, quicunque petis, quis incola tanti
Spiritlis; egregia hunc, consnle, scripta dabunt."
"Chr. Terne, M. D. C. L."

Lonzbart sc. 8vo.

This print has been thought to represent Dr. Christopher Terne,
a licentiate of the college, who wrote the distich; but it was ùone
for the followIng person:
Christopher Bennet, a native of Raynton, in Somersetshire, was
educated at Lincoln College, in Oxford. He was a distinguished
member of the College of Physicians, and in very considerable

· SiG' Orig.

32

B lOG RAP II I C ...\ L II 1ST 0 R Y

practice. Mr. Wood informs us, that he was author of" Theatri
Tabidorum Yestibulum," 1654, 8vo; and of" Exercitationes Dia-
noëticæ," 1655; and that he corrected and enlarged l\ioufet's
" Health's Improvement." His death, which happened about the
beginning of l\Iay, 1655, prevented his publishing one or two books
more which he had prepared for the press.

TOBIAS VENNER, IVr. D. 1660, Æt. 85 (83).
Faithorlle sc. Slllall 4to. Copied by TV. Richal'"dsoll.
Tobias Venner practised physic for many years at Bridgewater,
and other places in Somersetshire; but in the latter part of his life
in and near Bath. He was author of several medical books, the
chief of which is his "Via recta ad Vitam longaln, or A Treatise
wherein the right Way, and the best lVlanner of living, for attaining
to a long and healthful life, is clearly demonstrated." This book
'was first published in 1620. It is written in a plain and prolix
style, such as was then used in common conversation. The doctor
acted judiciously in adapting a book of general use to ordinary ca-
pacities; and we are told by 1\lr. ,V ood that it got him nlost of his
practice. He wrote upon Bath 'Vaters, and informs us, that they
were not prescribed to be taken inwardly by any regubr physician.
It is observable, that his "Censure on Bristol 'Vater" is the first
treatise of the kind in our language. Dr. Guidot, in his" Live3
and Characters of the Bath Physicians," subjoined to his" Dis_
course of Bath," tells us, that in the" Via recta," &c. is this memo-
rable observation, " That a gammon of bacon is of the same nature
with the rest of the hog."-His general character was that of a
plain man, and a good and charitable physician. Ob. 1660, .lEt. 83.
He is supposed to have prolonged his own life by observing the
rules laid down in his book.

JOlIN BULWER, chirosopher, 1650. Frontis-
piece to his " Artificial Changeling /' 12J7lo. The next
print is before the quarto edition of the same book.

JOIIANl\'ES BUL"'ER, cognomento chirosophus,
alias philocophus, vultispeL1/ insig'}Ûs: utriusque pllY-
lJ'iognol1lÏæ pr(jto111!Jstes: path0J11yotO/JlllS: naturalis /0-

OF ENG f...AND.

33

quelæ priJJlllS indag'ator: anato1nus ?noralis: Sla
;i1'tita
1l0VllS: 17lotestarll111 clarissirlllts: stator aug'ustus et Vl1'l-
deLl' naturæ;
f. D. Sj
c. Fait/lorne sc. Svo.
Dr. Bulwer was author of several books of the Language of the
Hand, of Physiognomy, and of Instructions to the Deaf and Dumb;
intended, as he expresses it, "to bring those who are so born to
hear the sound of words with their eyes, * and thence to learn to
speak with their tongues." He was also author of" Pathomyo-
to mia, or a Dissection of the significative Muscles of the Affections
of the l\Iind," 1649, 12mo.t The most curious of his works is
his "Anthropo-Metamorphosis; Man transformed, or the artifi-
cial Changeling;" in which he shews what a strange variety of
shapes and dresses mankind have appeared in, in the different
ages and nations of the world. At the end of the first edition of
this book, in 12mo. is a catalogue of the author's works in print
and manuscript.

ROBERTUS BAYFIELD, Æt.25, 1654. Fai-
thorne sc. In a hat,. 8vo. finely eng'raved.
ROBERTUS BA YFIELD, Æt. 27. Faithorne sc. In
a hlack scull-cap,. 8vo.
The following are the tides of two of his books. He was proba-
bly author of some others, of which I have received no information.
The reader will perceive an anachronisln in comparing the title of
the first with the dates of his two portraits: but this is not alto-
gether unusual in frontispieces, wl1ich are sometimes prefixed to
different works of the same writer, or to different editions of the
same work. "Tractatus de Tumoribus præter N aturam; or a Trea-
tise of preternatural Tumours. By Robert Bayfield, Physician,"

· l\lr Cliffe, a deaf and dumb gentleman now living,: is famous for understand.
ing an) thing said to him, by the motion of the lips only.
t The human physiognomy is explained in the U Crounian Lectures on l\Iuscular
]\lotion," fOf the yeaf 174.6; read before the Royal Society, by J ames Parsolls

1\1. D. and F. R. S. being a Supplement to the U Philosophical Transactions" for
that year.

VOL. IV.

* 1769.
i'

34 B lOG nAP II I C A I... II 1ST 0 R Y

Lond. 1662, 8vo. His head with the cap, Æt. 27, is prefixed to
this book, which is dedicated to Bishop Reynolds, of Norwich;
and a second part of it to the famous Sir Thomas Brown, J\tl. D. of
that city: viz. " Exercitatiol1es Anatomicæ in varias Regiones hu-
mani Corporis, a Roberto Bayfield, Medico: Edit 2 M . Lond. 1668."
12mo. The second treatise is dedicated to his dear kinsman,
Robert Gawsell, esq. and a second part of it to his loving relation,
John Repps, esq. both of them justices of the peace for Norfolk.
It is probable that none of the following persons in this division
were graduates. Quære.

DR. EVERARD, in his study, snzoking his pipe; a
book open before hint; 12'lllo.
DR. GILES EVERARD; 8vo. 1V. Richardson.

Dr. Everard had a higher opinion of the virtues of tobacco, both
in the prevention and cure of diseases, than ever Dr. Ralph Thorius
had.* He was author of a book entitled " Panacea, or a universal
l\fedicine, being a Discovery of the wonderful Virtues of Tobacco;"
1659; Slnall 8vo. To this book is prefixed his portrait.

NICIIOLAS CULPEPPER, eques. Cross sc. 4to.
Before his" English, Physician;" fol. 1652.
NICHOLAS CULPEPPER; his right hand on a scull;
121no.

NICHOLAS CULPEPPER, in his hair,. t
vo different;
121120.

NICHOLAS CULPEPPER; in tlzefrontispìece to "Ri-
verius's Work with Cole."

The portrait above described, is prefixed to his" School of Phy..
sic," published after his decease by his widow, who married to her
second husband John Heydon J a noted student in physic and

. See his Poem on Tobacco in the" l\Il1sæ Anglicanæ."

OF ENGL.A.ND.

35

astrology, and a great dealer in horoscopes. About the time of
the restoration was published, "The beautifying Fart of Physic,"
by Nicholas Culpepper.

Effigies RICHARDI TOMLINSON, Æt. 23.
Cross sc. a sJ7lall oval, in the title to his Translation of
Renodæus's "Dispensatory," 1657.
Nothing but the youth of this translator, who was an apothecary,
can excuse his nauseous bombast and affectation in the preface to
the reader :

And all goes down like oxymel of squills.-RoSCOl\Il\IO
.

POETS.

MILTON; fronz a drawing; of Mr. Deacon, tah:ell
froul all ilJlpression of a seal of T. SÙnon, in the posses-

'ioJl if .AIr. Yeo.

MIL TO N; engraved by T. ]-lolloway, fro1Jz the sanze.
1\11 LTO}l; eug'raved
lj Ryland, fl'"oJJl the saJJZC seal.
This is 1l1llCh better e..recutcd than tl1e for17zer. See Class
VIII. &c.

EDMUND \V ALLER, in his famous Panegyric on CromweH,
has exceeded himself almost as much as the Protector did other
n1en. His genteel reply to Charles II. in regard to his poem, is
well known. It is also well known that the conquests of Charles
were of a very different kind from those of Cromwell, and that they
would have made a much worse figure in verse. See the reigns of
CHARLES I. and II.

SIR WILJ.JAM DA VEN ANT, when tragedy and comedy were
held in equal abomination with the Liturgy, introduced an opera
called cc The Siege of Rhodes," under the notion of an innoceut

36

BIOGRAPIIICAI
IIISTOlt Y

musical performance.- This was the first dramatic piece of the
kind ever exhibited on the English stage. See the reigns of
CHARLES I. and II. to the latter of which his portrait belongs.

THOMAS MAY, esq. Æt. 55; over his llead is a
clloplet of laurel. Before the second edition of his " Brc..
viary of the History of the Parliament;" 121110.
THOl\IAS MAY, esq. &c. 1V: Richardson.
Thomas May, a celebrated poet and historian, was familiarly ac-
quainted with the greatest wits of his time; and was hÎ1nself ranked
in the first class of those wllo bore that character. He was author
of several dramatic pieces, and of two historical poems of the reigns
of Henry II. aud Edward III. each of which is in the seven books.
But his principal work is his cc Translation of Lucan's Pharsalia,"
and his Continuation of that Poem, to the death of Julius Cæsar.
He translated the latter into Latin verse. It is by this that we
must take our estimate of him as a poet; as the imperfect state of
our versification when lIe. wrote, and the gradual flux of our lan-
guage since, have contributed to sink the English far below the
Latin translation. He also translated Barclay's" Icon Animorum,"
and had a hand in the translation of his "Argenis." His last work
was his" History of the Parliament of EngIand,"t and his Abridg-
ment of the same in Latin anù English. There is more can dour in
this history than the royalists were willing to allow him; but there
is less elegance than one would expect from the pen of so polite

· Among other causes of the suppression of stage-plays, at this period, was a
pamphlet which had a very considerable effect: it was entitled If Tragicomædia,
or a Relation of the wonderful Hand of God at \Vitney, in the Comedy actcd
there, where some were slain: together with what was preached in three Sermons on
that Occasion, by John Rowe, of C. C. C. Oxon." 1653,4(0.
In the "Historia Histrionica," published in 1699, 8vo. is a concise history of
the actors during the rebellion, " shewing how honourably they served in the king's .
army. Next how they returned to acting, but privately; and in Oliver's time, at
HoJJand-bouse." See an abstract of this pamphlet in Oldys's British Librarian,"
p. 62.
t Bishop Warburton wrote in his copy of l\Iay's History, II this history is written
with mucb temper, moderation, and judgment, and with great vigour of style and
scntimcnt." -LORD HAILES.

OF ENGI
AND.

37

and classical a scholar. lIe was secretary to the parliament. Ob.
13 Nov. 1650, Æt. 55.*

THOMAS STANLEY, arm. P.Lelyf. Paitllorne
8C. ajine head. Before the }irst edition of his " History
of Philosophy," 1655; fol.
Thomas Stanley, a polite scholar, an accomplished gentleman,
and an eminent poet and historian, was author of many pieces in
verse and prose. His original poems are, for the most part, on
amorous subjects. His translations, which are more numerous,
are from Theocritus, Anacreon, Bion, Secundus, &c. His version
of, and commentary on " Æschyli Tragædiæ septem, cum Scholiis
Græcis omnibus, et deperditorum Dramatum Fragmentis," 1664,
fol. is a laborious and valuable work. - This ancient Greek poet,
like some of the precious relics of sculpture and architecture of
his country, has suffered much from the injuries of time, but is still
admirable, though greatly impaired and mutilated. The" History
of Philosophy," by our author, is a ,york of great merit, and gene-
rally known. Db. 12 April, 1678.

CHRISTOI:>HER 'V ASSE (or W ASE), M. A.
black cap, own hair,. a slJlall oval.
This ingenious person, who was a perfect master of the Greek
anù Latin languages, was some time fellow of K.ing's College, in
Cambridge, and afterward superior beadle of law, in the university
. of Oxford. He translated Grotius's "Catechism" into Greek
. verse.t His English translation of Gratius's "Cynegeticon," and
his comment on that elegant poem, are a sufficient proof of his abi..
lities. Mr. Waller addressed a copy of verses to him on this per-
formance. 1\:11'. Hearne, at page 20 of his Discourse prefixed to

... Payne Fisher, poet-lé\urcat to Cromwell, a copious, and not inelegant writer of
Latin verses, flourished before and after the restoration. The following c1Jaracter
by Strada is exactly suited to him. U N ullus hodie mortaliull1 aut nascitur, aut
moritur, aut præliatur, aut rusticatur, aut auit peregre, aut redit, aut nubit, aut est,
aut non cst (nam etiam mortuis iste canit) cui non iIle extemp10 cudat Epicedia,
Genethliaca, Protreptica, Panegyrica, Epithalamia, Vaticinia, Propemplica, Sotc-
l"ica, Parænctica, Nænias, Nugas." Sce a catalogue of 11is works in the" .Athcnæ
O).onicnses." :i have met with no portrait of this person.
t The origiual is in Latill verse.

38

II lOG R A I) II I C .A L HIS T 0 It Y

the eighth volume of Leland's" Itinerary," styles Mr. Christopher
W ase " that enlinent philologer ;" and makes honourable mention
of a son of his, of both his names, who was fellow of C. C. c. in
Oxford. See Dr. Basil Rennet's eighteenth sermon on occasion
of the death of Dr. Creed and 1\11'. 'Vase the son. The father died
August 29, 1690.

EDWARD BENLOWES, esq. Before his" Tlleo-
phila, or Love's Sacrifice;" fol. IG52. I believe it was
engraved by Barlow.
ED'" ARD BENLO'VES; a slnall oval, surrounded 'with
laurelfoliag'e. Dan. King' sc. In a sheet 'lvhic/z contains
several views of the old ChUl'1ch of. St. Paul, together 'lvitlt
sonzc verses by this author.
ED,," ARD BEN LOWES; 8vo. 11Z Richardson.
There is a portrait of him in the master's lodge, at St. John's
College, in Canlbridge, where he was educated, and to which he
was a benefactor. There is another in the picture gallery at Ox.
ford.
Edward Benlowes'* (or Bendlowes), was a man of genteel ac-
complishments. He was a g-reat patron of the poets and other
writers of his time, upon whOln he lavished a great part of his for-
tune. I-Ie was author of a considerable number of poems in Latin
anù English, the chief of which is his" Theophila," which gives us
a higher idea of his piety than his poetical talents; though there
are 111any uncommon and excellent thoughts in it. But his meta-
phors are often strained and far-fetched, and he sometimes loses
himself in mystical divinity. IIis Latin verses are generally better
than his English. He died, in great want, 1686, Æt. 73. See
Inore of him in the" Athen. Oxon." See also Rowel's "Letters,"
vol. ii. letter LXVI. t

· lIe wrote his name Benlowcs.
tHis praJer, at p. 19, of his" Theophila," has been deservedly admired. The
following is a quotation from it: II Let religion and right reason rule as sovcreign in
mc, and let the irascible and concl1piscible faculties be their subjects! Give me an
estate balanced bctween want and waste, pity and e/lvy: give me grace to spend
my w(
alth and strength in thy service: let all my melancholy be repentance, my

OF ENGLAND.

39

'VII
LIAM CIIAMBERLAIN. A.llel'tochsf. 8vo.
Before Ilis "PIlarolinida." ·
'Villiam Chamberlain, a doctor of physic at Shaftesbury) in Dor-
setshire, was author of a play called "Love's Victory," printed in
4to. 1658, and acted in 1678, under the title of "The \Vits led by
the Nose, or the Poet's Revenge." He also wrote an heroic poem,
called" Pharonnida," printed in 8vo. 1659. This was published in
prose, as a novel, in 1683: it was entitled" Eromena, or the Noble
Stranger." Vide Langbaine and Jacob.

WILLIAM, marquis of NE\VCASTLE, who amused himself
at this period with poetry and horsemanship, was, as a natural con-
sequence of his rank, much extolled as a poet. His poetical works,
which consist of plays and poems, are very little regarded; but his
fine book of horsemanship is still in esteem. It was lately reprinted.
Ob. 25 Dec. 1676. See the reign of CHARLES I. Class III.

SIR WILLIAN I LOWER; a sJJzal1 anol1ynlolls
/zead,. arlJlS
' 'lnotto, "A1JzlCO Rosa, InÙJlico Spina."
SIR W ILLIAl\I LO""ER. TV. Richardson.

Sir'Villiam Lower, a noted cavalier, wrote and translated the
following dramatic pieces: 1." The Phenix in Flanles," a tragedy.
2. "Polyeuctes, or the Martyr," a tragedy. 3." Horatius," a
tragedy, from the French of Corneille: this is better translated by
l\lrs. Philips. 4." The Noble Ingratitude," a pastoral tragi-
comedy, from Mons. Quillault: to this is prefixed his head.
5. " The Inchanted Lovers," a dramatic pastoral. 6." The
Amorous Phantasm," a tragi-comedy. AU these, except the fil'st,
were written during the Interregnum. He translated from the
French the first and third tOlnes of the" Innocent Lady, or illustri-
ous Innocence." The most considerable of the books published by
him, are those two which relate to Charles the Second's reception
and entertainment at the Hague. One of them was printed several

joys spiritual exultations, my rcst hope, my peace a good conscience, and my ac-
quiescence in Thee! In Thee as the principle of truth, in thy word as the measure
of knowledge, in thy law as the rule of life, in thy promise as the satisfaction of
hope, and in thy union as the highest fruition of glory."

40

n I 0 eRA P II I C .A I... II 1ST 0 R Y

years
efore the restoration, the other at that era. It is entitled,
N. s. "A Relation of Charles the Second's Voyage to, and ResiJence at
the Hague, from the 25th of lVlay to June 2, 1660," &c. Hag.
Com. 1660. This is a translation from the French.

FRANCIS GOIADSMITI-I, of Gray's Inn; a s171all
oval. 1Ïzere is another head of hiul, 'without his }laIne,
engraved by Cross,. underneath are four verses:
" His outward figure here you find," &c.

FRANCIS GOLDS1\IITH; u,itlt the four verses. UZ
Richardson.

Francis Goldsmith translated, from Grotius " Sophompaneas, or
tbe History of Joseph," which he published with annotations, in the
preceding reign. He also translated into English a Catechism,
written in Latin verse, by the same author. This was printed after
the restoration.. He died at Ashton, in Northamptonshire, in Sep-
tember, 1655.

JOHANNES QUARLES. Faithorne f. 121110.
This has been copied.

JOHANNES QUARLES; ill an oval of bays,. prejiL
'ed
to llÎs "Poe'lJls;",' 12lJlo. JJIarshall.

JOHANNES QUARLES; eight verses, "See here a
PhænLr,"
'c.
John Quarles, who was one of the eighteen children of Francis
Quarles, by Ursula his wife, bore a captain's commission in the

.. 'Ve had lat
ly a poct of the same namc with the person just mentioned; per-
haps of the salUe family, Lut by no means of thc same c:haracter. I1is writings, in
general, are much esteemed; but his poetry is gïeatly admired. Few tragedies have
been read with stronger emotions of pity, than the distressful scenes in his " Vicar
of 'Vakcficld :" yet we cannot but regret, that the a.uthor of u The Traveller"t should
11ave undervalued his genius so far as to write a romance.

t Decies repetita placebit.

OF EXGI
l\XD.

41

royal army, in the time of the civil war . Upon the decline of the
king's fortune, he retired to London in a necessitous condition, and
applied himself to writing books for his support. His works are
chiefly poems, in which he appears to be the poetical as well as the
natural son of his father. He died of the plague in 1665. See a
detail of his works in the" Athen. Oxon."

GEORGE WITHER published a poem of many hundred lines,
upon the report of the restoration of the parliament by General
Monk, in 1659. It is entitled, " Furor Poeticus, i. e. Prophetic us,
a Poetic Phrensie." It is dated from Hambleton, and he tells us
that it was meditated.

,. In dorso pagi, recubaDs sub tegmine fagi."
I shall conclude all I have to say of this everlasting rhymer,
with two lines of Dryden, which comprehend his whole character
as a poet:

" He faggotted his notions as they fell,
And if they rhJm'd and rattled, all was well:'.
See the two preceding reigns.

HUGO CROMPTON, Æt. 18. A. Hertochs sc.
121170.
HUGO CR01\IPTON, gen. snzall 8vo. Before his
" Pierides,"
"c. 1658. This print represents ILÙn S0171C-
wllat older thall the fornzer.

HUGO CROMPTON, gen. W. Richardson.
Hugh Crompton was a gentleman well educated, though but of
small fortune. His necessities, as may be collected from his epistle
to the reader, obliged him to turn author. He published a volumE'
of poems, entitled, " Pierides, or, the Muses l\10unt," out of which
Winstanley has given us a ta
,te, as he calls it, of the briskness of

· Some extracts from his works were pubHshed in small Evo. not many years
ago. The pious and very learned Dr. Lort, after having read them, observed,
'c tbat their perusal would teach him in future, not to trust to report for the character
of an author." The works of 'Vither are, what we called at Eton, a good sharping
book: and poets by profession will find many sentiments, and many lines ready
made, upon almost any subject, political, moral, or rcligious.-LoRD HAILES.

VOL. 1\'.

G

42

B lOG RAP II I C A I. II 1ST 0 R Y

his lJluse; but I must confess I can discover no such matter in that
specimen. He informs us, that he intended his" l\Iuses" for waste
paper, but that he afterward altered his mind in this particular.
He speaks thus of his" Muses :" "I, for want of a better labour in
my ramble, gathered this sallad from Parnassus, and washt it in
Helicon. But thou (reader) must find oil and vinegar, and sugar
it with thy good conceit, if thou pleasest." - He left so much to be
supplied by the reader that his work was, in a short time, generaHy
neglected.

JOHN 'rATI-IAM, poet; an anonY1J10US head, over
'lvhiclt t'iVO Cupids hold a cro'wn of laurel. [Tnderneath
af'e these verses:
" Here is no schisme, the judging eye may see
In every line a perfect harmony.
And love and beauty, for so great a grace,
Joy in their lovely reconciler's face."-R. C.

JOHN T ATHA1\I. TV: Richardson.

"John Tatham," says Winstanley, "was one whose muse began
to bud with his youth, which produced early blossoms of not al-
together contemptible poetry," of which he has given us " a taste"
in the following 1 ines. The author addresses himself in the person
of Momus.

" How now. presumptuous lad. think'
t thou that we
'ViII be disturb'd with this thy infancy
Of wit?
Or does thy amorous thoughts beget a fbme,
(Beyond its merit) for to court the name
Of poet? or is't common now-a-days
Such slcnder wits dare claim such things as bays."
However strange it may seem, it is certain that he did" claim such
things;" and, what is nlore strange, his c1aim was readily admitted.
He has been erroneously called Cify Poet, and was deemed a
worthy fore-runner of Settle. He undoubtedly wrote panegyrics
upon two lord mayors,'IY< in whose estimation they were as good
rhymes, and probably pleased as much, as if they had been written
by 'VaIleI' himself. He was author of several plays, most of which
were published before the restoration.

· In the reign of Charles II.

OF ENG, L.AND.

43

LEONA'RD \VILLi\N ; a bust on a pedestal. T.
L"Yross sc. Sz.r EJlg;lislz verses. Le Willan scrips it. Be-
fore his" Astrea, a Pastoral," 1651.

LEOXJ\RD'VILLAN. JV. Richardson. There is an-
other different from the preceding (the four trees
wanting in the landscape), and undoubtedly the
original plate; six English verses:
" Inscriptions are but epitaphs on the dead;
Such may be his; to action buried;
Nor but the rites of friends; in want of whome,
His owne hand wrought his monument for his tombe;
How lasting the materials shall bee,
This age may gess, the next perhaps decree."
L. fVi/lon ipse scripsit,. T. Cross sCll/j}sit.
This pastoral was taken from a voluminous romance, formerly
well known by the title of "Astrea." 'Villan was also author of
" The perfect Statesman, or Minister of State," 1668, folio.
The author, whom nature seems to have intended for an humble
prose writer, llloves very awkwardly when exalted on the stilts of
poetry.

JOHN HODDESDON, Æt. 18 ;
verscs,. 8vo. Fillian sc.

Sl.l' Eu o 'li8lt
b

JOHN HODDESDOX, .LEt. 18. TV. Richardson.

lIe was author of " Sion and Parnassus, or Epigrams on sevel'al
texts of the Old and New Testament," 1650,8vo.

1 UltFORD; ill fl cloak,. the 8ell ([nd a ship at a
distance. [rnder the hcad arc four vcr/j'cs that deJlote
Ii int II pOEt:
" He that views l\Iurford.s f:lce," &c.
The
ame plate (!ppear
to have been used after" ard for
FurlJe
.

44

BIOGRAPHIC.AL IIISTOR Y

A snlall whole leng,th of a Ulan, dressed like the gentlY
of this period, or the reign of C'ltarles L Over his head
is the word NIM.. It is in a sJ1zall book, called "The
Life of a satyrical Puppy, called Nym,* who worrietlt
all those 5atyrists he knows, and baJ"ks at the rest; by
T. .M." 1657.

NYM and BUNGE; ?vhole length; 4to. scarce.

It is probable that this whelp never" grew up to dog's estate ;"t
and that, like other puppies, he was rather impertinent and teasing
than formidable. I am equally a stranger to his real name and
his works.

THOMAS PECKE, &c. four Latin verses; "AOlli-
dunzjuvenile decus," E6"c. 12nlO.
THOl\IAS PECKE, &c. JJZ Richardson.

Thomas Pecke was a young gentleman of great expectation, who
translated six hundred of Owen's " Epigrams" into English, while
he was at the Temple. They were printed with" Martial de Spec-
taculis, or, Of the Rarities to be seen in Rome, and with the most
select Epigrams of Sir Thomas More; to which is annexed a Cen-
tury of heroic Epigrams," &c. These were published under the
title of" Parnassi Puerperium, or some weB 'Vishes to Ingenuity,"
1659; 8vo. Payne Fisher wrote" Epithalamium in Nuptias eru-
ditiss. juvenis, Thomæ Pecke, de Spixford, Com. N orf. Armigeri,
et lectiss. Virgin is, Luciæ Ball, Filiæ spectatiss. Petri Ball, Eq.
aur."

POETESSES.
MRS. CATHARINE PHILIPS; a bust,. inscribed
Orinda. Faith orne f. FroJlti
piece to her Works; folio.

.. Nym, or Nim, seems to be the diminutive of Nimrod,
" A mighty hunter, and his prey was lUan."
:Nym also means, to snatch or steal; hence Kimmillg Nct' in the 13rggar's Opera
t Prior.

OF ENGLAND. 45

ORINDA PHILIPS. J. Becket f. 4to. 'llle,z'.z.

There is a portrait of her at Strawberry-hin.
Catharine, daughter of John Fowler, a merchant of London, and
wife of James Philips, of the Priory of Cardigan, esq. was rnuch
and deservedly esteemed for her poetical talents. She was styled,
" The matchless Orinda," and indeed shone without a rival among
the female wits of her time. She was author of several poems,
which are more to be admired for propriety and beauty of thought,
than for harmony of versification, in which she was generally defi-
cient. She translated the" Ponlpey" and" Horace" of Corneille,
and is said to have been assisted in the former by Charles, lon1
Buckhurst and Mr. ,V aller.* " Pompey" was acted with applause
in Ireland, and "Horace" by persons of quality at court. Her
Letters to Sir Charles Cotterel have been much admired, and are
among the best of her works. Dr. Jeremy Taylor, who was her in-
timate friend, has addressed his excellent" Letter on the l\leasures
and Offices of Friendship" to her. Ob. June, 1664, Æt. 32. Her
works were published after her decease, in 1667.

l\IISCEl.LANEODS AUTfIORS IN DIVINITY,
IllS TORY, ANTIQUITIES, &c.

JOI-IANNES PltIC;EUS. Persin sc. Preji.red to
c, Aplileii lJIetanlorphoscos, Lib. LYI. Cllnl Notis,
c. J.
Pricæi, Goudæ, 1650," 8vo. This head, 'lvhich is u'ell
e.recllted, is, in the copy of" Apuleiza/' in '}ny possession,
placed i17l1nediate(lj rifter the title.

JOHN PRICE; ill a chair '}'Ocading. J. Danckcrts;
}V. Hollar,. scarce.

John Price, one of the first theological critics of his age, was
educated at Christ Church, in the university of Oxford. Having
embraced the religion of the church of Rome, he travelled into
Italy with IVIr. Howard, a son of the Earl of Arundel, anù was af-
tErward retained in the service of the Earl of Strafford, whcn he

., See II Ho.yaI ,wd Nuulc Aulhor:,," 11. p. Qß,
d eùit.

46

BIOGRAPIIICA.L HISTO R Y

was lord-lieutenant of Ireland. Then it was that his acquaintance
commenced with the celebrated primate Usher. In the time of the
civil war, he wrote several palnphlets in defence of the king, for
,vhich he suffered a tedious imprisonment. Upon his enlargement,
he retired to Florence, was made supervisor of the Grand Duke's
medals, and was afterward, by that prince, appointed professor of
the Greek language at Pisa. He was particularly eminent for his
Comment.aries on the Scriptures. His Notes on the Psalms and
the New Testament are inserted entire, and by themselves, in the
fifth tome of the" Critici Sacri." The learned Dutch critic, John
Alberti, spends eight chapters of his" Periculum Criticum" in
strictures upon that work. He is said to have spent the latter part
of his life in the convent of St. Augustin, at Rome. Ob. circ.
1676.

ED'\V ARD LEIGH, esq.lJI.A. of both universities,
Æt.48, 1650; fOllr Eug'fish verses. T. Cross se.
ThiH gentleman was educated at Magdalen Hall, in Oxford,
whence he removed to the Middle Temple, where he not only
studied the common law, but divinity and history. The books
which he published in the several faculties to which he applied
himself, are an åbundant proof of his great industry and extensive
]earning; particularly his critical and theological works, the chief
of which are his" Critica Sacra" on the Hebrew words of the Old,
and the Greek of the New Testament, and his" Body of Divinity."
I-Ie was representative for the town of Stafford, in the l..ong Parlia-
111ent, and was one of the members appointed by the commons to
sit in the assembly of divines. Ob. 2 June, 1671.

GULIELlVIUS IIICKS, gen. Æt. 38, ] 658. D.
Log'gan sc.
" Though thou no prophet art, nor prophet's son,
\Vithout their spirit, this could ne'er be done.
Though Brightman, Napier, ThJede, are gone to re
t,
Their sprite yet lives redoubled in thy brea8t.
Ye that have cast th' Apocalypse to ground,
Because so dark, mysterious and profound,
\Vhy take it up again, and use this glass,
'Twill then no longer for a Hl)ßfJ y pass."

OF ENGLAND.

47

GULIELl\IUS HICKS, &c. fV. Richardson.

'Villiam Hiçks, who received his education in the university of
Oxford, took arms against the king in the civiJ war, in which he
bore a captain's commission in the trained bands. He was author
{)f a " Practical Exposition on the Revelation," in folio, to which
two several titles, with different dates, have been prefixed. The
" Apocalypse," like other things that are unintelligible, has been
eXplained a hundred different ways, and the last exposition has
been generally the most esteemed, especially if it has been adapted
to the time when it was written. Ob. March, 1659.60. Vide" Athen.
Oxon."

ED. CHISENHALE, esq. presenting' his book to a
1JZun standing' at a church door:l' various eUlblc1Jzatical
fig'ures; snzalt octavo. Frontispiece to his "History."

YeveJl English verses:
" Here to the church, one of her youngest sonnes," &c.

ED. CHISENHALE, esq. Copied froln the above.

Edward Chisenhale, a gentleman of Lancashire, who bore a
colonel's commission for the king in the civil war, well deserves to
be remembered in the double capacity of a soldier and an author.
lIe was one of the garrison that with heroic bravery defended
Latham-house, whence he sallied forth, just after the enemy had
been boasting of thcir provisions, and stole their dinner. lIe also,
with singular address, drew the besiegers into a place where he cut
off five hundred of them, under a pretence that the house was open.
This exploit was the occasion of his being fined 800l. for delin-
quency.*' He was author of" A Catholic History, collected out of
Scriptures, Councils, Fathers, &c. occasioned by Dr. Thomas
Vane's book, called The lost Sheep returned," 1653, small 8vo.t

FRANCTSCD.S RODS, arn1ig. Collegii Etonensis
præpositus, 1656, Æt. 77. Faitlzorne sc. Before "The

· See Lloyd.s " :Memorials," p. G90. Particulars of the siege are in Peck's
" Desiderata Curiosa/' xi. p. 42, &c.
t ,r ane was a convert to pop('ry.

48

nIocnAPIIIC
^,-L HISTORY

Worlìs of Francis ROlls, Esq. 01
Trcatises and lJIedita-
lions dedicated to the Saints, and to tile e.l'cellent through-
out the three Nations;" fol. 1657.

FRANCIS Rous; fOllr EJ/g'lislt verses, "Ada]]l the
first this Ilnage cla!Jl1les as his," (
c. JV.llichardsoJl" 4to.
FRANCIS RODs; in the "O.
ioJ'"d Abnanack," 1744.

There is an original portrait of him, with a 111ace, as speaker of
the I-Iouse of Commons, in the provost's lodge at Eton Collage.
He was provost there in 1643.
Francis
son of Sir Anthony ROlls, of Halton, in CornwalJ, was
burgess for Truro, in that county, in the reign of Charles I. He
was a vehenlent declaimer in parliament against the innovations and
abuses in church and state; and particularly against Arminianism,
which he represented as pDpery in disguise. He was one of the
few laymen appointed by the commons to sit in the assembly of
divines at \Vestminster.* His religious and political principles were
perfectly accommodated to the party which he espoused, and seem
to have ever varied with his interest, which appears to have had a
much stronger hold upon hilll than his enthusiasm. He was ap-
pointed speaker of Barebone's parliament; and made a wild pro-
posal to form the English commonwealth after the model of the
Jewish. But as a tllcocracy was rejected, he thought fit to invest
the regal power in Cromwell, whom he aftècted to look upon as a
compound of the characters of lVloses and Joshua. He was one of
those who were called by the Protector to the upper house; and it
was said" that he could not well do less than make that gentleman
a lord, who had made hill1 a prince," by the resignation of the in-
strument of government into his hands. He was called" the il-
literate Jew of Eton ;" but it does not at all
ppear, frOln his
writings, that he deserved that appellation. Db. 7 Jan. 1658-9.
See more of him in Lord Clarendon's " History of the Rebellion."

JOHANNES SPARROW, &c. D. Logg'on del.
et sc. 1659. III the upper part of the print are i'lCO

., He was said to have entered into hoJy orders; but of this there is no proof.
Sce " Athen. Oxon."

OF ENG LAND.

49

.c}Jzi-circles fllli of strang'e lines {l1ul jig;ures, andjoillcd
tog'ether by a heart, 'lvith this inscription, "1
IC TVonder-
Eye of Eternity, c
lplained by Jacob Be/ull. in the 40
Questions of the Soul ;" 4to.
John Sparrow. a barrister of the Inner Temple, translated" The
high and deep Searching out of the Life of Man," and several others
of the numerous works of Jacob Behmen, a German cobbler,. and a
celebrated enthusiast. 1\11'. Law, who was also a translator of his
writings, and many other persons, have lately helped to bring this
profound author into vogue.t The mystical divinity of Behmen
may be cOlllpared to a cloudy sky in winter weather; in which the
same cloud which one fancies to resemble a lion, another shall fancy
to be like a bear, and a third a horse. Mr. Law imagined, that Sir
Isaac Newton took the first hint of his philosophy from Behmen 7 s
divinity; another, that there is a close analogy betwixt that and
electricity; and it is very probable that some of his readers have
as clearly discover.ed in it the vortices of Des Cartes.

SIR HENRY VANE deserves to be ranked in the first dass of
mystics, as he is little less profound than Jacob Behmen himself.
\Ve are amazed that a man, whose genius carried him so far above
the common level of mankind in his public character, should sink so
far below comrIlon sense in his writings. Don Quixote is supposed
to have spoken like a philosopher upon every thing but knig'ht-
errantry; so did Sir Henry Vane upon any thing but religion. He,
as well as every other ridiculous broacher of heterodoxies, had
nlany followers.t See the reign of CHARLES I. Class V.

SIR GEORGE STRODE; a snlatl oval; iu tlze
title to his traJlslation (frO'J7l the JSpanislt) of Þonseca's
" IJoly Love;" 1652; 121110.

· Some say that he was a cow-keeper till he was about twenty-five years of age,
when he suddenly fancied himself inspired.
t There are not mystcries cnough in religion to exercise the active faith of some
zealots, who cannot be satisfied without adding Ill'\\' ones, till thcy arc lost in the
darkness of enthusiasm. But, as they always fancy thcmsclves under the imnu--
diate direction of Heaven, they then think they are most enlightened; and believe
that that faith which can II remove mountains," can also discover divine truth ill
nonsense and impossibility.
t See the" Life of Baxter;" fol. part j, p. 74, ct set}.
VOL. IV. II

50

BIOGRAPIIICA [, III
TOn y

SIR GEORGE STRODE; OlJa!,. in a squarefra1Jle.' T

Richardson.

I have seen another book, published by this gentleman, namely,
" The Anatomie of Mortalitie, written by George Strode, utter Bar-
rister of the Middle Temple, for his own private Comfort," &c.
second edition, 1632; 4to.
:Sir George Strode, a worthy benefactor to the church and poor,
ùied 1663, and was buried in St. James's church, Ckrkenwell.

GULIELMUS SANDERSON US, ./Et. H8, 1658.
5014st p.:Me Faithorne sc. Þ'rolltispiece to his "Gr{/phict
;"
fol.

GULIELl\IUS SANDEnsoNus, ./Et.68, lß58; hy Fai-
t},orne, but 'lvithout the JlllJJZe of painter or eng'raver.

William Sanderson was some tÍlne secretary to George Villiers,
the .first duke of Buckingham of that name. He distinguished him-
seÌr by his loyalty to Charles 1. in the time of the civil war, and
was a great sufferer in the royal cause. He was author of" A com-
plete History of Mary, Queen of Scotland, and her son King James
of Great Britain;" The History of King James of Great Britain ;"
and " The History of King. Charles I. fron1 his Cradle to his Grave."
The first of these was written in ans.wer to \Vilson's " Life of King
James," to which it is inferior in every respect. This author, as
appears by his" Graphice," was better qualifird to write on paint-
ing, than to compile histories. All his historical works are more or
less deficient in style, in method, and correctness. Dl'. Heylin, in
his" Examen Historicum," has been very free, perhaps too severe,
in his censures upon his writings: and Bishop Kennet has been at
least as rigid a censor, in his Notes on Arthur 'Vilson's (( I.ife and
Reign of James l."t Our author Sanderson was kl1ighted soon
after tbe restoration, and made a gentleman of the king's bed-chan1-
ber. Db. 1676.

· The first impressions are tIlOse which were made before the II:-imc of the painter
was inserted.

See Kcnnet's If Complete Hist." ii. p. 662.

o J:." I
N G LAN D.

51

JANIES 110 'VELL, esq. ill tl c/oalt', leaning' aÆ'ainsl
'1.1 tree.' 'lo/zole lCllo.tl l . 'JJ10 t tO "11ie tutliS obllrllbror"
, ð" ·
..llIellan and Bosse sc. Before his" GerJJztln Diet,"
'c.
. .and also before his" LOlldinopo/is /' folio. TlzeTc is an-
other inzpression 'loith {[rillS, but it is hatched. * There is
a slnall head of hÙn before his Letters, eng1".aved by
Màrshall.

James IIowell, son of Thomas Howell, minister of Abernant, in
Caermarthenshire, was master of more modern languages, and au-
thor of more books, than any other Englishman of his time.t In
tbe reigns of James and Charles I. he was employed in many;agèn-
cies in foreign parts. In 1627, he was choSPl1 one of the represen-
tatives in parliament for the town of Richmond; in Y orkshir.e; .and
in 1640, succeeded Sir Edwa
d Nicholas as clerk of the council.
In the time of the civil war, he was committed a close prisoner to
the Fleet, where be continued for many years. The gre
.test part
of his works were written for his support dur.ing his confinement;
and he indeed appears, in several of his hasty pr.oductions, to have
been more anxious to satisfy his stomach, than to do justice to his
fame. His" Dodona.s Grove,
' which was published in the reign
of Charles I. gained him a considerable reputation. But of all bis
performances" his Letters are the most esteemed; though, as MI'.
,V ood justly .Qbserves, many of them were never written till he was
in prison. But this censure does not affect his Letters to the Earl
of Strafford, in the first volume of that lord's Papers, none of which
are in the "Epistolæ Ho-Elianæ." Upon the restoration of Charles II.
he was appointed historiographer royal, which office was created
for him. lIe continued in it till bis death, which happened in No-
vember, 1666. His life and character may be seGn in his letters,
which abQuud with anecdotes.

IIENIlICUS dOln. CARY, baro de Lepingtoll,
com. de MOIUllouth, &c. J
lJIarslzall f. Before his

· By hatching is meant engraving with cross lines that usually produce the shades,
which, in l\1cHan's prints, are generallJ' caused by stronger and bolder strokes of
the gra ver.
t Cibber, in his U Lives of the Poets," says, that he publislled no less than forty-
Bine; but the author of his Life, ill the CI Biographia," has 110t reckoned up half th
t
number.

52

n lOG R A. P II I C A L II 1ST 0 R Y

translation of Seuault"s "
'e of the Passion
';" IG4D;
8vo.
lIEN. Do. CARY, (vel. Carey), baro de Leppington,
comes Monmouthensis, et hon mi . ord. Balneæ eques.
}'aithorne f. Before his translation rif lJoccalints "Ad-
vcrtisellZCJlts froJJz Parnasslls,." fol. I G5G. 1ïlcre is
another head of hiln bifore his translation of Cardinal
Bcntivog;/io's "lIisloJ!} of the Wars ill Flanders /' fol.
1654.
I-IEKRY CA REY, earl of Monmouth; [roln an origi-
nal at 5'tra'lvberry-hill,. in ".1Vúble .Authors," by JJI r.
Park.

Henry Carey, earl of Monmouth, was grandson to Henry, lord
Hunsdon,* cousin-german to Queen Elizabeth. He was, in his
tender agE', educated with the Duke of York, afterward Charles the
First.t Before he entered upon his travels, he received this admo-
nition from Charles: "Be always doing something while you are
abroad." It appears that he acted in conformity to that prince.s
advice, as he returned home a complete master of the languages of
those countries through which he travelled. He was a great suf-
ferer by the civil war, particularly by the death Qf bis son, a young
gentleman of great hopes, who was killed at Marston-Moor. But
while some of the nobility were actually embroiled in this war, and
others were miserable from the effects of it, the Earl of 1\lonmouth
enjoyed the calm pleasures of a studious retirement. He composed
nothing of his own; but translated from l\lalvezzi, Bentivoglio,
Pm'uta, Biondi, &c. no less than seven folios, two octavos, and a

· His son. Sir Robert Carey, father of Henry. and the first earl of l\Ionmouth,
distinguished himself by riding near three hundred miles in less than three days,
when he WCllt from London to Edinburgh, to inform King James of the death of
Queen Elizabeth. He had several falls and sore bruises on the road. which occa-
:;ioned his going battered and bloody into the royal presence.*
t Lloyd, in Ilis II l\lcmoirs," p. 650. says. that Sir Robert Carey. his Cather, was
tutor to Charles; but he is mistaken. See what he was to him, in the II l\lemoirs of
the Life of the Earl of .l\:Ionmouth," p. 165. 176. 178.

* See II His Majesties (King Jame1:i's) Entertainmcnt from Scotland to London,"
p. 2 and 3.

o F l
N G LAN D.

53

duodecimo. See the "Catalogue of Royal and Noble Authors."
Db. 13 June, 1661, Æt. 65. He lies buried in the church of Rick-
nlansworth, in Hertfordshire. Some notices of hÌ1n may be col-
lected from the inscription on his tomb.

ROBERTUS STAPYLTONUS, eques auratus,
&c. TV: lJIarslzall f. Before his translation of I-S'trada
" De Bello Belf!;ico," 1650; Jol.
Sir Robert Stapylton translated from the Latin, Strada's" History
of the Belgic War;" which is the worst work of that author, and
the best of Sir Robert's; as indifferent prose is preferable to indif-
ferent verse. See the reign of CHARLES I. Class IX.

JOHN P A WLET (or POW LET), marquis of Winchester, famous
for his defence of Basing-house, translated from the French, "The
Gallery of heroic 'Vomen," 1652; and Talon's" Holy History,"
1653; 4to. See the reign of CHARLES I. Class III.

ROBERTUS lVIENTETHUS,* a Salmoneto,
Scotus. P. lJligllard p. R07Jlæ, 1G56. R. Locholl sc.
1661 ; band, cloak, and coif. Undcr thc oval are thc
'e
lines:

Hic est quem legis et stupes lcgendo,
Toto nobilis orbe Salmonetus.
Ilium, inter scopulos et iliceta,
Sub cæ:i genuit rigentis axe
Horrens Scotia tristibus pruinis

Ne tu forte putes fuiss
Gallurn,
Facundos, lcpidos, et elegantes
Toto nobilis orbe Sa]moneti
Qui " Gallus" legis et stupes 1ibellos.
" Ægid. Mcnagius."
This inscription is at p. 120 of l\Icnage's "Poems," the 8tJ]
edition, Amsterdam, ] 687, where is also the following epigram,
which contains all that I know of his character :-

· Sometimes written J\Tonfelhus. lIe is placed here as a Scottish historian. lIe
'\!Vas chaplain to Cardinal de Rctz, who speaks very favourably of him.

54

n lOG It ...\ P 11 I C A I.. II 1ST 0 R Y

In Libros H istoriarum Britannicarunl Roberti lVlontetij

:Salmoneti.
Atipcra dumosis genuit quem Scotia syh-is,
Quem blando excepit Gal1ia culta sinu;
En voluit grates, gcnti dcvinctus utrique,
Et potl1it òignas pendere l\IoN T ETIUS.
Gallorum lingua, seelis memoranda futuris,
Scotorulu scripsit fortÌa. facta duculn.

ROBERTUS MONT]
ITH. Des ]loclzcrs.

I do not remember to have seen any of this author's writings
quoted, except his" History of Great Britain."

GULIELl\IUS DUGDALE, Æt. 50, 1656. ]lotlaT'

c. Þì'olltÙq1Ìece to /tis "lJistory of fVar'wickshire ;" fot.
SIR WI LLfAl\1 DUGDALE. J. Burchc; 4to. InDat-
la1cG!/s " l1craldic IJlquirer:J" 1793.
SIlt 'VILLIA1\I DUGDAl,E. P.Rot/noell, 1812; III
lIIa[co!JJz.s "Lives of Antiquaries."
'ViHiam Dugdale, who was the most laborious and judicious an-
tiquary of his age, has rescued from oblivion an infinite number
of curious and useful records relating to the history and antiquities
of his own country. His" 1\lo11asticon Anglicanurn," in three vo-
lumes folio, in which Roger Doùsworth had a large share, contains
an account of the ancient religious orders of monks and friars, of
the founùations of monasteries, aud cathedral and collegiate
churches. His" History of \Varwickshire" shews how histories
of particular districts should be written. His" History of imbank-
ing and draining the Fens," which 'lL'aS the n10st estimab1e of his
performances, is compiled with great accuracy and judgment. But
his "Baronage," the first genealogical history of our nobility, is
not so accurate as the rest of his compilations; though it has its
merit.* His" History of St. Paul's Cathcderal ;" his" Origines

· l\Ir. Charll>s Homh}. c!l"rk of the Pipe-office. publi
hed an anonymolls octavo
-pamphlet, in 1738, with this title; " Three Lctlcr:;, cUlltaining Ht'marks OIl
omC'

- OF ENG LAN D.

!j;j

Juridicales," and several other works, are in their kind cqnJlly
valuable: and his books in general are of special use to the readcri:i,
as well as the writers of English history. It is remarkable, that
the publication of the "lVlonasticon" was proùuctive of many law-
suits, by the revival of old writings; and that the Puritans were
highly offended at it, as they looked upon it as a huge step toward3
introducing popery.
Db. 10 Feb. ] 685-6.

ELIAS ASI-Il\10LE, lVlercuriophilus Angliclls.
Before his "Fasciculus (}IlCJJlÎcus."
ELIAS ASII1\IOLE. Faitllorne sc. a bust; 4to. l
ai-
thorne was paid 71: for engraving this head.
ELI AS ASHl\IO LE; copied fronz Faitliorne
lJ lJJicliacl
Vanderp;uclil. Before the "Antiquities qf Berkshire,"
8vo. t
ELIAS ASH1\IOLE, together with the head of l.illy
the Astrologer. J. Lodg'c sc. Before their lives and
that of C'harles 1. 1774, 8vo.

ELIAS ASHMOLE. T
Richarllson.

ELIAS ASHJ1IOLE. StotU sc. FroJJz an orig'iJltll picture
in ...lJ,IalcolJ/l's "Lives of Antiquaries;" 4to.
Elias Ashmole, whOln Mr. ,V ooù styles" the greatest virtuoso
and curioso that was ever known or read of in England," had a
happy facility in learning every art or science to which he applicd

(,If the numberless Errors and Ikfects in Dugdale's Baronage." 1\11'. Hearne.
having mentioned the II Baronage," in a note on p. 2
H of II Lib. Nig. Scaccarii,"
adds: "Specimen satis ampJum errorum DugùalianoHlm in JibcHum, memoriæ
causa, retulit Antonius \V ood. opuscllium in l\luseo Ashmoliano adserva tum, non-
dum autcm in lucem editum."
· 'V arton'
" Life of Dr. BathUJ'St," p. 148. It is also observable, that this
being almost the on1y one of our books th:!t finds a ready admittance into the Jibra-
ries of monks, has reudl
red it scarce.
t 'Ve are informed, at p. 81 of his II Diary." that he H sat for a seconù picture to
:l\Ir. Ryle.r:' I ha".c secn neither of thesc portraits,

56

BIOGRA PIIICA I." IIISTOR Y

himself. He studied astrology, botany, chemistry, heralùry, and
antiquities; in all which he was a great proficient. In the latter
end of the reign of Charles I. he retired to the pleasant village of
Englefield, in Berkshire, where he amused himself with botany.
The time he spent in this delicious retirement appears to have been
the happiest part of his life. In 1650, he published, under the
feigned name of James H asolle, esq. his " Fasciculus Chemicus, or
Chemical Co11ections, expressing the Ingress, Progress, and Egress,
of the secret Hermetic Science," &c. 12mo. His u Theatrum chc-
micum Britannicum," published in 4to. 1652, contains many pieces
of our old hermetic philosophers. This work gained him a consi-
derable reputation, which was very much increased by his laborious
and accurate "History of the Order of the Garter," published in
folio, 1672/1\' He has not taken proportionable pains in his =, An-
tiquities of Berkshire,'" which might have been much more com-
plete. He enjoyed several lucrative places under the government,
in the reign of Charles II. It is well known that he, in his lifetime
founded tbe Museum at Oxford, which bears his name. Db.
18 May, 1()92, Æt. 76.

GULIELMUS BURTON, LL. Baccalaureus.
Hollar; in all oval; holding a book; Slllall folio.

William Burton was some time usher to Thomas Farnaby, a
famous schoolm.aster in Kent, aud was himself afterward a school.
master at Kingston-upon- Thames. 'Vhen he was at the university,
he was patronised by the very learned Mr. Allen, of Gloucester-hall,
who appointed him Greek lecturer there. He had the honour of
speaking a funeral oration upon the ùeath of that excellent person,
which was 1lll1ch applauded for its propriety and elegance. lIe
wrote annotations upon the first of Clement's epistles, in English,
and histories of the Greek and Persian tongues, in l..atin; both
which were published in 1657. His principal work is his learned
Commentary on" Antoninus his Itinerary, or Journies of the Roman

It: He informs us himself, that he made an expensive and laborious collection of
materials for the" Lives of the Companions of the Order of the Garter."t These
are probably in the 1\luseum at Oxford. See Anstis's " Register of the Garter
"
vol. ii. p. 150.

t If IIist." p. 643.

OF ENG LAND.

57

Empire, so far as it concerneth Britain," 1658; foI. to wl1ich is pre-
fixed his head. At page 136 of this book, he gives some account
of his family, and tells us that his great-grandfather expired with
excess of joy, upon his being informed of the death of Queen
Mary. Ob. 28 Dec. 1657.

RICHARDUS KILBURNE, Topographiæ Can-
tianæ author, Æt. 52, 1657. T. Cross sc.
RICHARD KILBURNE. J. Cook sc. 1812; zn Mal-
colnz's "Lives of Antiquaries;" 4to.
This person was author of the U Survey of Kent," 1659; 4to.
Several of our greatest antiquaries speak of his book as modern
and superficial, and consequently of small value. See p. 45 of
Kennet'3 "Life of Somner," before the second edition of that au-
thor's "Treatise of Gavelkind," 1726, 4to.; and p. 15, of the
second edition of" Nicolson's Historical Library," 1714; folio.

JOHN GREAVES; inscribed, "Effigies Johannis
Gravii," A. D. 1650. E.lJ;I. fec.*

This eminent mathematician and antiquary was master, in a high
degree, of the natural anù acquired qualifications which were neces-
sary to extend those branches of science to which he applied him-
self. He was educated at Baliol CoUege, in Oxford, from which
he removed to Merton. He was afterward, On the foot of his great
merit, chosen geometry professor of Gresham College. His ardent
thirst of knowledge soon carried hinl into several parts of Europe,
where he eagerly seized every opportunity of improving it. His
next voyage was into the Eastern countries; where nothing re-
markable in the heavens, earth, or even subterranean places, seems
to have escaped his nice observation. He, with indefatigable in..

· In the improved copy of 'Yard's II Lives of tbe Gresbam Professors," ;n the
BrÌlish J.\luseum, under JOliN GREAVES, at p.152, is the following additional para-
graph: "The Reverend l\lr. Edward Browne,great-grandson of Dr. Thomas Greaves,t
and rector of \V alesby, in Lincolnshire, has the head of .l\1r. Jobn Greaves, etched
on a copper-plate; severa] copies of which have been printed off at tbe expense of
tbe Reverend Dr. Thomas Birch."-l\IS.

VOL. IV.

t l3rotber to John.
I

58

BIOGRAPIIICAL HISTORY

d.ustry, and at the peril of his life, collected a considerable number
of Arabic, Persic, and Greek manuscripts for Archbishop Laud.
Of these he well knew the value, as he was a master of the lan-
guages in which they were written. He also collected for that
prelate many oriental gems and coins.* He took a more accurate
survey of the pyramids than any traveller who went before hilu.
On his return from the East, he visited severa] parts of Italy a
second time. During his stay at Rome, he made a particular in-
quiry into tIle true state of the ancient weights and measures. Soon
after he had finished his seconù voyage, he was chosen Savilian
professor of astronomy at Oxford. He was eminently qualified for
his professorship, as the works of ancient and modern astronomers
were familiar to him. His books relating to oriental learning, his
" Pyramidographia, or a Description of the Pyramids in Egypt,"
his "Epochæ Celebriores," and otl1er curious and useful pieces,
of which Dr. 'Yard has given us a catalogue,. shew him to have
been a great man. Those which he intended to publish would
have shewn him to be a greater; but he was stopped in his career
by death, the 8th of October, 1652, in the 50th year of his age.

JONAS MOORE, Æt. 35. 1649. H. Stone p.
T. Cross sc. sl1lall.

JONAS MOORE. N. Yeates.
J ON AS MOORE, Æt. 45; prtjLt 1 cd to his "Aritlt-
11letic," 1660; 8vo.
J ox AS MOORE; reading;; 4to.
Jonas l\rIoore, one of the most eminent mathematicians of his
age, was born at 'Vhitlee,! in Lancasbire. He had a strong pro-
pensity to mathematical studies from 11is childhood, and in the early
part of his life taught the mathematics in London for his support.
He was employed by the commissioners for draining and dividing
the fens; and in his survey took notice that the sea made a curve

· He ranged the coins, which the archbi&hop presented to the university, in their
proper order. and was appointed keeper of them.
t See 'Yard's C( Lives of the profc!Ssors of Gresham College."
* Spel
TVhitle, in Spelman's" YiIlarc Anglicum."

OJ' ENGLAND.

59

line on the beach, from which he took the hint to keep it effectually
out of Norfolk. This added much to his reputation. IVfr. Aubrey
informs us, that he made a model of a citadel, for Cromwell to
bridle the city of London, which was in the possession of Mr. 'Vild ;
and that this citadel was to have been the cross-building of St.
Paul's church.* He patronised the famous Mr. Flamsteed, who
had but a very scanty subsistence at Cambridge when he took him
under his protection. He and Sir Christopher Wren are said to
have persuaded Charles II. to build the Observatory at Greenwich,
in which Flamsteed was placed. He was the first Englishman that
composed a " System of the Mathematics," which was published in
two volumes 4to. 1681. He was knighted by Charles II. who ap-
pointed him surveyor-general of the ordnance. Sixty pieces of
artillery, equal to the number of his years, were discharged at the
Tower at his funeral. Db. Aug. 1679.t See more of him in Birch's
" History of the Royal Society," vol. iv. p. 106.

GULIELMUS BAGWELL, Æt. 66, 1659; Sl.l}
Eng'lislt verses; copied.
" In traffic first his youthful time he spent,
And over seas to foreign countries went:
But nature crossed him there, knowing his parts
Were destined rather to improve the arts:
His serious hours on them, his hours of leisure,
Elsewhere the first, the next here brings you pleasure."
'\Villiam Bagwell was author of " The Mystery of Astronomy
made easy to the meanest Capacity," 1655; 8vo. His' portrait is
prefixed to a small 12mo. book, entitled U 'Vit
Extraction, con-
veyed to tbe Ingenious in Riddles, Observations and Morals," com-
posed by W. B. Truth's Servant, 1664." On the back of the portrait
is printed a curious group of a family seated at table as an evening
party; with an explanation, engraved by J. Chantry. Bagwell was a
prisoner for debt, in 1637, and wrote a poenl upon his suffering's in
16 -14.
,

. I\1S. in the" Ashmolean l\Iuseum," whence the above account of him is chiefly
fa-kcn. .1\lr. Auhrcy concludes the short sl{etch of his history with saying, "that
he was a good mathem'atician, and a good fellow."
t ..\shmolc's " DiarJ.o'

60 BIOGRAPHICAL IIIST OR Y
JAMES HARRINGTON, esq. &c. from all ori-
ginal pictlt1
e in tlte possession of Joltn Hudson, esq. of
Bessing;by, in Yorkshire. lIIarchi f. h. she 'JJlezz.
JA
IES HARRINGTON, esq. LeZy p. Hollar f. witlt
ar'lllS" 1658; 4to.
SIR JA
IES HARRINGTON, Æt. 45; 1654. Fai-
thorne sc. 4to. in an octagon.

J Al\IES HARRINGTO:\T. P. Lely; lJ;1. v. Gucht.
JAl\IES HARRINGTON. P. Lely; W. Richardson.
This political projector was author of a celebrated book, entitled,
" The Commonwealth of Oceana;" in which he has laid down a
plan for an everlasting republic, the government of which is to be
kept up by rotation. There is great ingenuity in this work; but it
is, in many instances, as refined, and consequently as impracticable,
as the" Republic" of I>lato, or the" Utopia" of lVlore. The author,
who was a great visionary, was sanguine enough to expect to see
it put in execution. Baxter's" Holy Commonwealth" was avowedly
levelled at this political romance. But Harrington, who expressed
a great contempt for that performance, did not vouchsafe to write
a serious answer to it; but affected to treat the author in a very
cavalier manner, in a half sheet full of cant and ridicule. Two
editions of Harrington's works have been published of late years.
Ob. 11 Sept. 1677. See KATHARINE ILutRINGTON, Class XI.

ROBERT LOVEDAY; octagon; on tlzetop, "Lu-
cidanzant." Fait/zorlle sc. 8vo. Tllere is a copy of this
hefore his "Letters," 1659; 8vo.
Robert Loveday was translator of the three first parts of" Cleo-
patra," and author of a book of letters; both which performances
were in good esteem. It appears from the latter, that he was an
upper servant in Lord C.'s family, at Nottingham, at the time of the
Interregnum. There is a falniliar openness in his letters, w hi('h
intimates that the author never intended they should be made
public.

OF ENGI.JAND.

61

IIENRY MASSINGBERD.
C'opied by w: Richardson.
This person was author of a folio, entitled, "Council and
Admonition to his Children;" Lond. 1656; to which his print is
prefixed.
Several authors on music in the next Class.

Cross sc. h. slz.

RICHARDUS ELTON, generosus Bristol. nee
non artis militaris magister, Ann. 1649, Æt. 39. J.
Drocshout sc. Iz. slz.

Under the l)rint are eight verses, which I shall transcribe, as
they may serve as a specimen of the encomiums which have been
formerly lavished upon authors, whose works are now used for
waste paper.

H If Rome unto ber conqu'ring Cæsars raise
Rich obelisks, to crown their deathless praise;
'Vhat mcnument to thee must Albion rear,
To shew thy motion in a brighter sphere?
This art's too duH to do't; 'tis only done
Best by thyself: so lights the world the sun.
'Ve may admire thy face, the sculptor's art.
But we arc extasy'd at th' inward part."

Riclmrd Elton was author of " A complete Body of the Art
Military, being plain and perfect Directions for the ordering and
framing- of an Anny, both of Horse and Foat: together with the
Manner of Fortifications, and the Art of Gunnery;" fol. to which
his head is prefixed. I find by Clavel's " Catalogue," that this
book was reprinted after the restoration. I need not infonn the
reader, tbat the art of war has been almost totally changed since
the publication of this work.

WILLIAM BARIFF, or BARIFFE, J."Et. 35; pre-
jLl'ed to "lIfilitary Discipline," 1643; 4to. Glover.
WI LLIAl\1 BARI FFE, Æt. 42; preJi.1}cd to tlie sallle.

W [LLIAl\1 BARIFF; in arJJ10llr,. sash,
'c. In
Rieraf! .

62 BIOGRAPIIICAL HISTORY'

'VILLIAM BARIFFE, who, in the yea.r 1642, was a m

or in
Col. I-Iamden's regiment,. flourished during the Interregnum. He
was author of a book of" Military Discipline," of which there have
been several editions. The last edition was, I think, printed in
folio, 1661.

ItIC. RA\VLYNS. R. Gaywoodf. 1656; copied.

This person, who stylcs himself" Professor of Arithmetic in
Great Yarmouth," was author of a practical treatise on that art,
published in 1656, 8vo. before which is the head above described,
engraved much in the manner of HoHar, of whom Gaywood was a
disciple and imitator.

THOMAS WILLS FORD, Æt.46. R. Vaughan sc.
Under the print are four verses, si{!;'ncd AI. Boteler.
Thomas Willsford was author of a book in 8vo. called" Nature's
Secrets, or the History of the Generation of l\leteors," 1658; which
he dedicates to the Lady Stafford, sister to Lord Henry Stafford.
At the conc1usion he signs
imself "her affectionate kinsman."
1\1. Boteler, whose name is affixed to the lines at the bottom of the
print, addresses a long copy of verses to his honoured uncle, upon
his book of meteors. Thomas 'Villsford was also author of a
" Treatise of Arithmetic," in 8vo. His head, by Vaughan, is pre-
fixed to both bi
books. Cocker, Leybourn, Hill, and others, have
much improved the art of arithmetic, since the two last-mentioned
authors wrote on that subject.

'VILLIAM
ILl..Y, student in astrology. Hollar f.
I 21JlO.

WILLIAl\I LILLY, Æt.57. Hollar'f.
WI LLIAl\I LI LL Y, student in astrology; copied
front Hollar.
WILLIA1\I LILLY; prejill'cd to his "EplzcJJ1Cri8,'.
1650.

.. See the H Li
t o
the Armies," published in 1612.

OF ENGLAND.

C3

WILLIAl\I LILLY; do. R. Gay'wood.
WILLIAl\I LILLY; oval
. do.
farsllall.

"\VILLIAl\I LILLY; half length; sittin

at a table;
to ILis " Christian Astrology." lJ.lt.irslzall.

W ILLIAl\I LILLY; to ILis "EpILelneris." R. Vaughan.

WILLIAl\I LILLY; in all oval; bet1Ðeen Cardan and
Guido,. four verses.

In the Ashmolean 1\1 useum is his portrait, wbich was the pro-
perty of the founder. It may be depended upon for the likeness.
'Villiam Lilly was a native of Di3eworth, in Leicestershire. He
was, for several years, in the condition of a servant; but having
the good luck to marry his master's widow, with a fortune of 1000l.
he applied himself to the study of astrology. He made so great a
proficiency, that in seven or eight weeks he perfectly understood
how to set a figure. He intimates, that there was something su-
pernatural in the progress he made in this art; as he tells us, that
" he prayed for several weeks to those angels who were thought
anù believed by wise men to teach and instruct in all the several
liberal sciences." * In 1647, he finished his book called" Christian
Astrology;" but has not any where signified that the angels lent
him their assistance in that work; nor does it appear that there is
any thing in it more than the author himself was well able to per..
form.t It is very certain that he regarded judicial astrology as a
science; and it is no less certain tbat he prostituted bis pen to the
political purposes of the parliament and of Cròlnwell.! Astrolo-
gical predictions and propbecies were perfectly suited to the enthu-
siasm of these times; anù Lilly weB knew how to apply them to

· He says, that u the angels very rarely speak to any operator or master; and
when they do speak, it is like the Irish, much in the throat!'-LiIly's "Life," by
himself, p. 88, last edit.
t There is before this book a good head of tIle author, hy l\TarshalI.
t " 'When Cromwell was in Scotland, a soldier stood with Lilly.s (l\Ierlinu'))
Anglicl1s in his hand. and said, as the several troops passed by him, , Lo hear what
Lilly saith, you are prollli
ed victory, fight it out, brave Lo.p;' and thell.read that
month's prediction."-u Life," p. 83.

04

ßIOGRAPIIICAL IIISTORY

the hopes and fears of the populace. He was frequently ambiguou3
and oracular, and sometimes mnuseù the people with hieroglyphics;
many of which, as we are told by Mr. Aubrey, he stole from an old
monkish manuscript. l\1oore, the almanack-maker, has stolen se-
veral from him; and there is no doubt but some future almanack-
maker will steal them fro In Moore. Db. June 9, 1681.*

JOHN BOOKER; oval; in a cloaJ
,. a book in his
TIGne!,. anonY17lous,. scarce.

JOHN BOOKER, Æt. 46; s17zalt.
JOHN BOOKER. Holtarf. 12n20.
John Booker was bred a haberdasher; i' but quitted this em-
ployment, and foHowed that of a writing-master, at Hadley, in
Middlesex. He in a few years rendered himself so eminent, that
he was appointed licenser of mathematical books; under which
were included all those that related to the celestial sciences. Lilly
tells us, that he once thought him the greatest astronomer in the

· Lilly, though known to be an impostor,t had, however, a pension of 1001.
a year conferred on him by the council of state. The royalists treated him
with ridicule and contempt. He is the Sidrophel of Butler: and Sir John Birken:'
Jlead, in his "Paul's Church- Y ard,"
salirizes his almanack, where he mentions
., l\lerlinus Anglicus, the Art of di.5covering all that never was, anfl all that never
shall be." Gataker, who well knew the îutility of his art, calls him II blind buz-
zard."11 He seems to have been checked by no scruples in promoting the rebellion;
and indeed tells us himself, that he II engaged body and soul in the cause of the
parliament.""
The Life of Lilly, by himself, together with his Life of Charles I. and that of his
friend Ashmole, written by that author by way of diary, have, as they were become
,'cry scarce, been lately republished by Thomas Davies. "A full Answer to a
confused mixture of false, traiterous, and contradictory Observations on the Life
and Actions of the late King Charles, published by "'Tilliam Lilly, in July, 16.51,"
is one of the II Historical Discourses" of Sir Edward Walker, 170.." fol.
t So Lilly informs us; but .l\lr. "\V ood says, that he was bred a clerk under an
alderman of London: this alderman was probably a haberdasher.

t See Thurloe's II State Papers," v. 451.

This pamphlet is a facetious satire upon various books well known at this time,
and supposed to be sold in St. Paul's Church-yard.
II Gataker's Notes on the 2d Verse of the X. Chapter of Jeremiah, in the II As-
sembly's Annotations."
, Lilly's U Life," p. 4.3.

OF ENGI
AND.

65

,world; but it appears that he afterward sunk in hi.
estecm, and
that he thought himself a luuch greater man. 'Ve are told by the
, same author, that" he had a curious fancy in judging of thefts,
and as successful in resolving love questions," which was a capital
branch of his trade. George 'Vharton, who was formerly one of
his astrological friends, had a great quarrel with him, which occa-
sioned his publishing, " lVlercurio-cælico Mastix; or an Anti-caveat
to all such as have heretofore had the misfortune to be cheated and
deluded by that great and traiterous impostor, John Booker; in an
Answer to his frivolous Pamphlet, entitled, Mercurius Cælicus, or
a Caveat to all the People of England;" Oxon. 1644; 4to. The
only work of Booker, worth the reader's notice, is his" Bloody
Irish Almanack,". which contains some Inemorable particulars rela-
tive to the war in Ireland. Ob. April, 1667.

CAPTAIN GEORGE WHARTON; Sl.1} vel'1ses,
"Here the true Counterfeit,"
'c. TllÌs print rnay be
placed in the preceding reign.

GEORGE WHARTON; si.t ' verses, "Wise Nature,"
c.

GEORG E WHARTON, by Faith orne ,. si.v verses, "Who
. " ,Q,
Views, L.) C.
George 'Vharton was descended from a genteel family in 'Vest-
moreland. He spent the greatest part of his patrimony in the service
of Charles I. for whom he raised a fine troop of horse, which he
commanded in person. '\Vhen he could no longer keep the field,
he retired to his studies, which he pursued with uncommon appJi-
cation; particularly that of astrology, to which he had a strong and
early propensity. His progress in this art was suitable to his pas-
sion for it; and he was looked upon by the royalists as equal, at
least, to Lilly and Booker, of whom he was the rival and antagonist.
He was author of Almanacks, Mercuries, and several astronomical
pieces. Weare indebted to him for a chronology of the battles,

ieges, and other remarkable occurrences of the civil war, since
printed, with n1any additions, in the " Historian's Guide," and of
late years in Salmon's "Chronological Historian." He had a
knack of versifying, which he exercised in little sallies of drollery
and satire, whiçh are interspersed with his astrological works.
VOL. IY. K

GO

BI 00 RAPIIICAL JIISTOR Y

Upon the restoration he was appointed tt'casurcr and paymaster
of the ordnance, and created a baronet, which set him above the
profession of an author. The name of Nav:urth, the anagram of
lVharton, is sometimes prefixed to his ahnanack5. Db. 12 Aug.
1681. See the reign of CHARLES II.

JOHANNES GADBURIUS, pbilomath. natus
c017lÌtat. O.ron. Au. 1627. Æt.31. 1'. Cross sc. Over
Ilis head al"e tlze sun, 1nOOJl, and stars; his left hand 'rests
on a celestial g'lobe, and the book of Hcaven is opcn be-
fore hÙn.*-The print is before his "Doctrine of Na-
tivities," 1658; fol.
JOHANNES GADBURIUS. Cross sc. 121llo.

John Gadbury, who served an apprenticeslJip with a tailor at
Oxford, left tbat occupation, and pursued the vehement inclination
he had to astrology. He learned much of his art from Lilly, under
whom he profited to such a degree, that he was soon enabled" to
set up the trade of almanack-making and fortune-telling for him-
self."t His pen was employed for many years on nati'cities, alma-
'/lacks, and prodigies. Other astrologers were content to exercise
their art for the benefit of their own country only, but Gadbury
extended his to a remote part of the globe; as, in 1674, he pub-
lished his" \tVest India, or Jamaica Almanack," for that year. He
calculated the nativities of Charles I. the King of Sweden, and
Sir lVlatthew Hale; all which are in print. He styles Sir Matthew
" . the just and pious Scorpionist, as he was born under the celestial
Scorpion. " He was very careful to do justice to all the constel-
lations, particularly to that just mentioned, as appears from his
"Obsequium Rationabile; or a reasonable Service performed for
the celestial Sign Scorpio, in twenty remarkable Genitures of that
glorious, but stigmatized Horoscope, against the malicious and
false Attempts of that grand (but fortunate) Impostor 1\1r. \Villiam
Lilly."! He was no less careful to do justice to the merit of his
friend 1\lr. George \Vharton, Inost of whose works he collected and

· In the book is an a
trological scheme, i.nscribed Ie Lib. Cæli."
t \V ood, ii. col. G86.
* ---" Tibi brachia contrahit ardens
Scorpius, et cæli justR plus parte rcliqllit."-VmG.

OF ENGLAND.

67

published, in 1683, 8vo. He was Jiving in 1690,* and was thought
to be alive for many years after his decease, as his name continued
to be affixed to an alrnanack similar to that which was published in
bis lifetime. "The black Life of John Gadbury" was written by
Partridge. There are several heads of him, which belong to the
reign of Charles II.

GULIELMUS RAIVIESEY, generosus; nat. ci-
vital. Westnlonast. 13
Ia1'1. 1626-27. Cross sc. It. slz.

GULIELl\IUS RAl\IESEV, generosus; Æt. 24; a
bus t .

William Ramesey was author of a chimerical book in vindication
of astrology. This man did not Iook upon darkness as a privation
of light, but as a real substance. He asserted that it is an emana-
tion from dark stars, as light is from the sun. He even thought
tbis absurdity supported by Scripture, where he read of " darkness
over the land of Egypt, which may be felt ;"t not distinguishing
betwixt the stated laws of nature, and the extraordinary agency or
divine Providence; or, in other words, betwixt natural and super-
natural darkness. The author of number 582 of the "Spectator,"
has made himself very merry with this profound writer, who thought
himself far more sagacious than the rest of his astrological brethren.
He appears to me to be the same person with Dr. William Ramesey,
who was, perhaps, the most credulous and confident of all astro-
logers. He was mad by the rules of his art, and promised himself
great afHuence of fortune, and much conjugal felicity; but died
poor in a gaol, and had such a termagant for his wife as provoked
bim to write, "Conjugiuln Conjurgium," which appears to have
been written from his feelings.!

GULl ELM US WILLIAMS, alias \VILLISU1\f,
nat. cOl1lÏtat. Gloe. Janu. 27, 1626; ph ilosoplzllS ;
Æt. 32.

I am credibly informed that this print was copied from that of
Christian Ravius, professor of Orielltallanguages at Amsterdam.

· See U Athen. Oxon." ii. cuI. 10:)1. t Exod. x. 21.
See Dr. RAl\1E!iEY'S article in the reign of Charles II.

68

BIOGRAPHICAL IIISTOR Y

'Villiam 'Villiarns was an astrologer of inferior note, of wl1ich
many flourished at this period, and after the restoration. The
respect then paid to astrologers, by the generality of men of learning,
,vas equal to the contempt they lie under at present. * Some
among the vulgar beheld them with rude admiration, and thought
that an order of men who were familiarly acquainted with the stars,
and privy to the decrees of Heaven, were in the highest degree re-
spectable. Others, who looked upon their art as sorcery, regarded
them with horror and detestation. The 'ldlite witclles were COffi-
n10nly thought to be masters of the black art; but were supposed to
have too much probity to put it in practice.

ROBERT MAY, Æt. 71,1660; SiLl'VC1"SeS, "Wlzat
'lvouldst thou view,"
'c. Before his "ACC017zplislzed Coole,"
] 660; 8vo. (GaY1vood.)

Robert May, who was son of a cook retained by the old Lady
Dormer, was, at her expense, sent over to France, to improvè him-
self in the art of cookery. Upon his return to England, he was
bound apprentice to Arthur Hollingsworth, cook to the grocers'
company and the Star-chamber. Upon his leaving his master, he
entered into the service of Lady Dormer, who kept four cooks be-
sides our author and his father. "Such notable houses (says he)
were then kept, the glory of that, and the shame of the present
age: theI1 were those golden days wherein were practised the
triumphs and trophies of cookery: then was hospitality esteemed,
neighbourhood preserved, the poor cherished, and God honoured."
After the decease of the hospitable Lady Dormer, he served the
Lord Castlehaven, and several others of the nobility and gentry;
and was, in 1659, when he put the last hand to his book, in the
service of Lady Englefield. The author's fundamental principle
seems to be, to make things palatable u:itlL an.1J ingredients, or at any
expense. This has been followed by a multitude of other writers on
cookery; and is indeed apparent ill every book on that art, from
the" Queen's Closet opened," down to the last of the Inodern sys-
tems. He has given us a hanòsome bill of fare for Lent, which

· The famous l\Ir. Joseph :l\Iede spent mudl of Ilis time in the study of astrology;
and the most valuable of Lilly's astrological books belonged to the eÀceJlcnt Bi!!hnp
Bedell, whose H Lif
" was written by Dr. Burnet. See Lilly's CI Lire," p. 23, edit.
1715.

OF ENGLAND.

69

consists of sixteen articles in the first course, and as many in the
second. The pudding branch has been greatly improved by our
late writers, one of whom has published one hundred different re-
ceipts for puddings. Our author May has wholly omitted to treat
of the mystery of carving, which is anatomically discussed in seve-
ral subsequent treatises; in one or two of which is a set of rules
for doing the honours of the table.-See more of this man in the
account of him before his book..

SIR ROBERT GORDON, of Straloch; from an
original painting ill the College of Abef.deeell. Trotter Be.
81.'0.
SIR ROBERT GORDON, of Straloch. IIarding e,,1,1c.
8vo.

Sir Robert Gordon, an eminent Scottish antiquarian, was author
of the following works: 1. Several Latin topographical and anti-
quarian essays, published in Blaw's Atlas of Scotland, 1656. The
Dutch editor thought proper to insert Buchanan's treatise, De Jure
Regni, supposed to be a democratic, but really an aristocratic, per-
forn1ance, if viewed practically, as it prefers a senate and nobles, as
in Venice, to kings; but points out no new organ of the popular
voice. And he dedicated the work to Cromwell, while Sir Robert
}1ad inscribed it to Charles II. as the dedication itself, afterward in
the hands of his son James Gordon, parson of Rothimay, was pro-
duced to shew.-Of this great work Sir John Scott, of Scotstarvet,
was the projector, and bore the expense: the maps were drawn by
Timothy Pont, under the direction of the ministers, as ordered by
the General Assembly; most of the descriptions are by Sir Robert
Gordon. It is remarkable the county of Angus is omitted.
2. Origo et processlls familiæ íllustrissimæ GordillllOnmz ill Scotia, a
4to. l\1S. of about nine sheets, extending to the year 1596, com-
posed in his seventieth year, or perhaps translated from the l\1S.
history of the family of Gordon, by Sir Robert Gordon, of Gordon-

· The author of the "School of Instruction for the Officers of the l\Iouth
J
flourished at the same time with :May. He excellcd nIl hi:s contemporaries jn
folding of napkins. See the prints in his book, which exhibit them unùer a great
variety of forms, This practice continued for many )'ears. It seems to IJave re-
quired almost as much time as drcssiug an elegant dinncr.

70

ßIOG RAPIIl CAL JIISTOR Y

ston, who also wrote an account of the family of Sutherland, and
died in 1656.
3. Epistola ad Da'l:idem Buchananum de Histol'icis Scoticis: pub.
lished by Hearne in the Prolegomena to Leland's CoIIectanea, and
several manuscript letters and papers preserved in the Advocate's
Library, and other repositories.
The dates of Sir Robert's birth and death do not appear, but he
wrote in full vigour in the time of Charles I.

AN IRISH AUTHOR.
JACOBUS ,V ARÆUS, eq. aurat. &c. Vertlie sc.
It. she Before his Works.
SIR JAl\IES W AUE. Thane.

Sir James Ware, auditor-general of Ireland, and one of tbe
privy council in that kingdom, in the reigns of Charles I. and II.
was one of the most able and industrious antiquaries of his time.
The grand object of his researches was the history and antiquities
of his own country; for which he made very copious collections,
and on which he published several estimable pieces. One of the
most considerable of his writings is his book" De Hibernia et Anti..
quitatibus ejus, Disquisitiones," 8vo.; of which two editions were
published during the Interregnum. His son, Robert \tVare, esq.
translated all his works that have any relation to the kingdom of
Ireland, and published them in one volume folio, 1705. This
edition is improved to three volumes in folio, by \Valter Harris, esq.
The learned and industrious author, who was the Can1den of his
age and nation, died at Dublin, the 1st of December, 1666. His
valuable collection of manuscripts, which were purchased by Henry,
earl of Clarendon, were by him brought into England, and deli-
ven
d into the custody of Dr. Tenison, when he was vicar of St.
l\1artin's in the Fields. There is a catalogue of them in print, by
Edm. Gibson, B. A. afterward bishop of Lonùon..

OF ENGLAND.

71

CLASS X.

ART 1ST S, &c.
PAINTERS OF HISTORY, &c.
ISAAC FULLER, ipse p. T. Clzal1lbars sc. In tlze
(( Anecdotes of Painting;" 4to.- There is a good por-
trait of him, by himself: in the Picture Gallery at
Oxford.

Fuller was a disciple of Francis Perrier, who etched the antique
statues and bas-reliefs. He was as excellent in portrait, as he
was deficient in history. He painted the altar-pieces at All Souls
and l\lagdalen College, in Oxford.; both which are very indifferent
perforrnancès. He has, in the latter, imitated the Last Judgment
of l\1icbael Ang'elo, in which he has not succeeded. There is in the
picture by that celebrated master a wildness of invention; but it
is the wildness of a great and irregular genius: Fuller's has more
of the wildness of a dream. His colouring is harsh and unnatural.
lUre Addison has written a beautiful Latin poeln on this perfor-
mance, in which he has shewn himself a better painter than Fuller.
He has described what it should be, not what it is.* Ob. circ.
1676.

PETER LEL Y, a German, who came into England in the late
reign, painted the pictures of Charles I. and of Cromwell. He
practised history, landscape, and portrait; but soon abandoned
the two former branches, and cultivated only the latter; in which

· Fuller has introduced into this picture the portrait of an hostler that lived at
the Greyhound-Inn, at Oxford, who is said to l1ave offended him, and to have been
therefore placed among the damned. This seems to be in conformity with IVlichael
Angelo, who has introduced into his Last Judgment a very ridiculous portrait of
tl1e pope's master of the ceremonies, in as ridiculous a situation. t The painter of
the west window of the church of Fairford, in Gloucestershire, has, perhaps, for a
like reas')n, exhibited, in his piece of the Resurrection, a devil driving an old wo-
man into hell in a wheel-barrow.

t The figure is at the bottom of the piccc, and is known by the asses' ears. See
Richardson's" Account of Statues," &c. p. 271, second edit.

72 ßIOGRAPIIICAl.. IIISTORY

he succeeded. He became the painter in vogue after the resto-
ration. See the reign of Cn ARLES II.

ROBERT US WALKER, pictor; se ipse p. L01Jl-
hart sc. h. sh.

ROBERTUS 'V AI..KER. T. (.:'lza17zbars sc. In tlte
" Anecdotes of Painting';" cO}Jied fronl the above print.
The original portrait is at Belvoir Castle. There is another of
him, by himself, in the Picture Gallery, in Oxford.
Robert \Valker, a good painter of portraits, did those. of Crom-
well, and many of the parlialllent generals. The Grand Duke of
Tuscany gave 500l. for a picture of the Protector by his hand.
This was in the po
session of a gentlewoman who was related to
bim, and who asked that sum for it because she was determined
not to sell it. When the money was paid by the Grand Duke's
agent, she parted from it with regret. Mr. 1\1isson tel1s us, in his
" Travels," that this portrait, and that of Thomas, earl of Ossory,
wele the only pictures of Englishmen in the Gallery of illustrious
Generals at Florence. This artist died soon after the restoration.

EDV ARDUS MASCALL, pictor; ipse p. J. Gal1l-
'JJlon sc. 4to.

ED"r ARD MASCALL; in the print with Gcntilesclâ,
in Lord Orford's "Painters."
Edward Mascal painted portraits at the time of the Interregnum.
but rose to no great eminence in his art.

l\IAJOR-GENERAL LAMBERT. BaJlJler1JZflJl8c.
In the "Anecdotes of Painting;" 4to.
LAl\IDERT, sitting' painting; sc ipse pin.?;,it. J. Snzitlt
fee. 1697. I was credibly informed by one of the
fan1ily residing in Oxfordshire, and who is in pos-
session of the original picture, that it is GENERAL

OF ENGLAND.

73

LA1tiBERT. It certainly is not Lambert the landscape
painter, as classed by Bromley.
Major-general Lambert took up the pencil for his amusement,
after Cromwell had wrested the sword from his hand. He painted
flower3, which he was fond of cuhivating. He is supposed to have
learned his art of Baptist Gaspars.
The arts, which flourish best under an accomplished and muni-
ficent monarch, in tÏlne of peace, seemecl. to be almost totally ex...
tinct during the republican government. They could scarcely be
said to revive after the restoration of CharJes II.

THOMAS SIMON; a s17zalloval by Vertue, in his
volll17ze of the" Works of the 8i17Z011S," plate xxxv.
Thomas Simon, who was formed in England by Briot, a cele-
brated French medalist, rivalled the classic artist3 of antiquity.
He and his master were retained in the service of Charles I. but
almost all the capital works of the former were executed during
the protectorate of Cronlwell, the dies for whose crown, * half-
crown, shilling, and sixpence, were exquisitely cut by him, as were
also his great seal, and that of the Commonwealth. His trial-piece
of the crown of Charles II. shews to equal advantage the excellence
of his hand. He was sometimes assisted by his brother Abraham,
the ingenious lTIodeller in wax, of whom there is an account in the
reign of Charles.

MR. JOHN LUCAS; a snzall /Zead, in the fron-
tispiece to Winstanley's "Loyal .lJlartyrology," 1665;
8vo.

· This piece, which has about the edge a motto from Terence, If HAst nisi pe-
litmus mihi adimat nemo," is scarce. It sold, U Credite, posteri!" at the late
Mr. West's sale, for 68l. I, who know not who was the purchaser, and therefore
am absolutely free from personal prejudice, cannot help observing, that he appears
to be far gone in the frenzy of the virtu. Dr. 1\'1 · ., though a virtuoso himself,
would, surely, in this instance, have pronounced him insane, if he had given only a
quarter of the money.
It should be observed, that though the informatjon of the fact mentioned in this
note, came to me from a very good hand, I have, since it was printed, been told it
is, at least, questionable.

t Scil. Ang. Scot. et Hib. which are in the legend of the obverse. 'V. Terent.
" Andr." act. iv. sc. 2. I. 14.
VOL. IV. L

74

n lOG nAP II I C A I-A II 1ST 0 R Y

l\tlR. JOHN LUCAS; enlarged .frorn the print above;
8vo.
l\Ir. John Lucas, a Inercer of very good estate and reputation at
Hungerford, in Berkshire, was one of the loyal adventurers that,
joining with Penruddoc1" Grove, and others, at Salisbury, in their
unsuccessful attempt to restore Charles the Second, was taken pri-
soner by the republican troops, brought to trial, found guilty, and
lost his head in 1655.

ROBERT VAUGH.A.N; frolll a dr{l1ving' in tIle
possession of l1fr. llobert G1'ave, fOl'lllcrly lJ,lr. Willian/.
Oldys'. R. Gra'Ce, Jun. sc. 8vo.
Robert Vaughan was a native of England, and one of those in-
different engravers, whose labours were confined to the ornament-
ing (if such a word may be properly used upon the occasion) of
books. 'Ve know little of his life; but Vertue informs us, from
Ashmole's manuscript, that during the Interregnum, he engraved a
print of Charles the Second; to which he added so offensive an in-
scription, that an accusation was preferred aga;ast hill1 for it after
the restoration; but of what consequence it was to Vaughan we are
not told. Among his works are the prints for Norton's Ordinal; the
portrait of Sir John \Vynn uf Gwedyr, a large whole sheet print;
Edward Terry, rector of Greenford, said to be the best by
Vaughan, with the date 1655; he engraved also several plates of
n10numents and other antiquities.
There is a print of Hobert Devereux, earl of Essex, general of
the parliament; which Ames mentions as by J . Vaughan. l\Ir.
'Valpole supposes this may have been an error of the press; if not,
he adds, that it might have been by a brother of Robert Vaughan.
It is probably a mistake; unless designed for a G. and then it
might have been engraved by 'Villiam Vaughan, who engraved the
scarce set of prints of Sir William Dick of Braid; and who fre-
quently put his baptismal name in Latin. '

MUSICIANS.

CHRISTOPHORUS SIl\IPSON. J.Carîvardenp.
Faitborne Sf. Befo'J'e his "Division' Violist, or an In-

OF ENG. LAND.

75

trot/llction to tlte playi/lg
on a Grollnd;" fol. 1659.
1"'here is an original portrait of him in the music-
school at Oxford.

CHRISTOPH1
R SJ
tlPSON. CarwardeJl; Grignon.
In Ha1vkins's " History."
Christopher Simpson was patronised by Sir Robert Bones, a gen-
tleman of Lincolnshire; who having a seat in parliament, some

times resided in London, and lVlr. Simpson with him. lIe was a.
great composer of instrulnental music, and excelled on the division-
viol. Besides the work above mentioned, he made large annota-
tions on "The Art of setting, or composing IVlusic;" Lond. 1655.
He also published a very good" Compendiunl of practical IVIusic ;
containing, 1. The Rudiments of Song; 2. The Principles of Com-
position; 3. The Use of Discords; 4. The Form of figurate Descant;
5. The Contrivance of Canon;" 8vo. several times printed.* Before
this is a smaller head than that above described, engraved by the
same hand. The author, who was a Roman Catholic, died in the
house of his patron, soon after the restoration.t See the reign of
CUA RLES II.

JOHANNES GAMBLE, philomusicus. T. (}ross
sc. h. slz.
JOHANNES GAl\IBLE. W lliclzardson.

John Ga.mble was regularly bred to music under Ambrose Bey-
land, a noted master of that art, with whom he served an appren-
ticeship. Upon his leaving his master, he became one of the mu-
sicians to tbe playhouse, and afterward cornet to the king's chat>eI.
After the restoration, he was appointed one of the 7:10Ii118 to
Charles II. and composer of music to the king's theatre. He pub-
lished " Ayres and Dialogues, to be sung to the Theorbo-Lute, or
Bass-Viol," 1657 ; foI. before which is his portrait. Some amorous
pieces, written by Thomas Stanley, esq. are in this book; before
which are commendatory verses by A. Brome, Richard Love-
Jace, &c.

· This book has been commended by Dr. Hayes, now professor of music at
Oxford.
t The above article is chiefly takcu from a manuscript accouut of musicians, in
tbe A.,lullolcan Museum, by Mr. \Vood.

76

BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY

WRITING-MASTERS, &c.
EDWARD COCKER, Æt. 26. Gaywood f.

ED'V ARD COCKER, Æt. 26, ] 657; oval, adorned
witlt foliage,. 4to. (Gaywood.)
ED'V ARD COCKER, Æt. 28, 1660; copied fro17z the
ne.xt ahove. See the reign of CHAHLES II.
Edward Cocker, who was deservedly reckoned among the im-
provers of the arts of writing and arithmetic, published no less than
fourteen copy-books, engraved by his own hand. Some of his
calligraphical pieces, which were done on silver plates, have a
neatness and delicacy superior to the rest. There was never any
writing..master before or after him who printed so much: indeed
his being so general a publisher has been justly objected to him as
a fault. l\Ir. Evelyn mentions Cocker, Gery, Gething, and Bil-
lingsley, as comparable with the Italian masters, both for letters
and flourishes.. Cocker's" Vulgar and Decimal Arithmetics"
have been often printed. He was also author of a small English
dictionary, and editor of a book of sentences for writing, called
" Cocker's Morals." Db. eire. 1677.

THOMAS SHELTON, nlaster of short-hand; Æt.
49,1650; 12J1lo.
THOl\IAS SHELTON; in a s17zall oval of foliage. Tizis
is the title to his "Tachy-g'raphy." There is a s'llzall
bll
.t of hinz in the Latin editioll if this book, which was
}Jllblislzed ill 1671.
TlIOl\IAS SHELTON; a s'lJlall uval. Cross sc. Befor

his Psabns in short-hand, probably published at this
period. Quære. See an account of him in the reign
of CHARLES I.

iF II Sculptura,'J edit. 17 5
. p. (j2.

OF ENGLAND.

77

JEREMIAH RICH. C1"OSS sc. 121no.

JEREMIAH RICH; 8vo.
J EREl\IIAH RICH. C1"oss" different from the other.
JEREl\IIAH RICH, Æt. 24; prefiJ:ed to his "Pcn's
Del.'l
terity . "

" Currant verba licet, lingua est velocior ill is :
N ondum lingua, suum dextra peregit opus."
" The Pen's Dexterity: by these incomparable Contractions, by
whi",
:
sentence is as soon writ as a Word: allowed by Authority,
and passea.

ø two Universities, with great Approbation and Ap-
plause. Invented anù tq,ught by Jeremiah Rich, 16.59." This,
which is his best work, is supposed to be that which is recom-
mended by 1\11'. Locke.
John Lilburne offered to give the author a certificate under his
own hand, that he took down his trial at the Old Bailey with the.
greatest exactness. The book of Psalms in Rich's Character is in
print. His short-hand was taught in Dr. Doddridge's academy at
Northampton.

NOAH BRIDGES: "Res val
t, Ars præstat,. Sl
Res peril, Ars rnihi reslat /' 12Jllo. Eng;raved ill the
'lnanner of Log'gan.
This gentleman, who was educated at Baliol College, in Oxford,
was clerk to the parliament that assembled there in 1643. lIe was
author of " The Act of short and secret 'Vriting," 1659, 12mo.
which it is probable Mr. Wood had not seen, as he makes no men-
tion of it in his article. His head is prefixed to this book. See
the reign of CHARLES II.

JOHN BROWNE, mathematical instrument-
maker; a whole leng,th. Gaywood sc.
JOHN BRO\VNE; an etching;. P. R. 121720.
Browne, in 1656, published a "Description anù Use of the Car-
penter's Rule," &c. to which is prefixed his print.

78

BIOGRAPHIC.AL IIISTO It Y

A SCHOOLMASTER.

PETElt VOWEL; fronl II dr(l1viJl
; in the ](Îng"s
(( Clarendon;" 4to. R. Cooper sc.
Peter Vowel was master of the free-school at IsIington, and be-
ing known to entertain great hopes of the restoration of Charles II.
was charged by a blind clergyman, whom he had relieved and fed
at his table, with uttering treasonable words. For such expressions,
which he disavowed, he was brought to trial (Lisle sitting as
president), found guilty, and executed at Charing-ci"oss. Colonel
Gerard and Mr. Vowel were the two first that suffered for treason
against tbe government of Cromwell.

C L 1-\ S S XI.

LADIES, AND OTHERS OF TIlE
FEMALE SEX.
RACHAEL MIDDLESEXIÆ conlitissa. Vandyclc
p. LOlnbart sc. Flou'crs Oll a table before her; h.
"'.
Rachel, daughter of Francis Fane, the first earl of 'Vestmoreland.
She was first married to Henry Bourchier, earl of Bath; second} y, to
Lionel Cranfield, the third earl of Middlesex, who succeeded his
brother James in 1651. Lionel died without issue by her, Oct. 26,
1674. I have seen her picture at Basilden, in Berkshire, among
the ancestors of the late Lord Viscount Fane. She is said to have
left a very large sum to build a private chapel; but the money was
never applied to the use for which it was intended. Lord Fane
used to speak of her as a very good woman. Her portrait was painted
by Vandyck, in the reign of Charles I. The print should have
been inscribed, " Lady Rachel Fane, or Rachel Countess of Bath."
Anachronisms of this kind are too common upon portraits.

PENELOPE, countess of \VILTON; ajcwel at
her breast. 11ullar f. 121710.

OF ENGLAND.

79

PENELOPE, domina HERBERT. Vandyck p. fV: Sher-
win sCltlpsit,. 1"are.
PENELOPE, domina HERBERT. Vandyck p. Lom-
hart sc.

Penelope, daughter and heir of Sir Rohert N aunton, secretary of
state to James I. and author of the" Fragmenta Regalia." She
was first married to Paul, viscount Banning, and afterward to Philip,
lord Herbert; who, upon the death of Earl Philip his father, in
16.52, became earl of Pembroke. This is unquestionably the lady
here meant. There was not a countess of Wiltshire for some
centuries, till Edward VI. created an ancestor of the Duke of Bol-
ton, earl of Wiltshire.

The LADY FALCONBERG. (;. ](in
; sc. a
')JlcdaI. III PCCk'ð' ,. IJife of (}roJJl1vell." W-e are told
by I)r. S,vift, in vol. iv. p_ 94, of his "Letters/' that
she \vas extremely like the pictures he had seen of
her father.

NIARY, countess ofFALCONBERG, third daughter of
Oliver Crolnwell; drawn {[!ld engraved by W. Bond,
froJ/l a three quarter portrait in the possession of Oliver
Croulwell, esq. Svo.

Mary, third daughter of Oliver Cromwell, a lady of great beauty,
but of greater spirit, was second wife of Thomas, lord viscount Fal-
conberg.* Bishop Burnet, who sty]es her a '[rise and worthy wuman,
says, that " she was more likely to have maintained the post (of

'-' Doctor Hewitt is also said to have married the Protector's younger daughter,
;md probably both of them 'with the entire approbation of their father, who might
bl
fearful, if any revolution should take place, and his family suffer a reverse of
fortune, the husbands of his daughters might wish as much for a separation, as they
then courted the honour of thcir alliance. Perhaps Oliver was of the same opinion as
1\JarshaIl, an independent minister, who gave for the reason of his marrying his
daughter with the ring and Common Prayer Book, that the U statute for establishing
the Liturgy was not yet repealed, and he was loath to have his daughter whored and
turned bal'k upon him for want of a legal marriage:'

80

ßI 0 G IlAP II I CAL II IS TOR Y

protector) than either of her brothers; according to a saying that
went of her, I That those who wore breeches deserved petticoats
better; but if those in petticoats had been in breeches, they would
have held faster.' ,'. After Richard was depo3ed, who, as she well
knew, was never formed for regal power, she exerted herself in
behalf of Charles 11. and is said to have had a great and successful
l1and in his restoration. It is very certain that her husband was
sent to the Tower by the committee of safety, a little before that
great event, and that he stood very high in the king's favour.t
Ob. March 14, 1712.

ELIZABETH CROMWELL, mother of Oliver
lord-protector, 8vo. in Noble's "Merl}oirs of the Cro'Jlz-
'well là17zily."
ELIZABETH CRO!\I'VELL, mother of the lord-pro-
tector; ?7lezz.

ELIZA13ETH, the wife of Oliver Cromwell; d f ra1vn
and eng'Taved by fJZ Boud, fro17l a half leng,th pOTtrait,
ill the possession of Oliver Cro1Jnvell, esq. 8vo.

This lady, was daughter of Sir Richard Steward, Stewart,
. or Stuart, of Ely, knt. descended, though very remotely, from
the royal house of Scotland.-Both Mr. Cromwell, and his wife

,. Burnet's" Hist. of his own Time," p. 8S.
t I am very credibly informed, that Lady Falconberg frequented the established
church. "Then she was in town, she went to St. Anne's, SolIo; when in the
country, to Chiswick. She was a very genteel woman, but pale and sickly. She
was known to be very charitable. From the information of a person who knew her
in the decline of life. See a remarkable passage concerning her in Dr. Z. Grey's
I, Review of Neale's History of the Puritans," p. 36.
Since this note was printed, 1 had the honour to be informed by the Earl of
l'chester, who Ten1t
mbers her well, and to whom she was godmother, that she must
have been far gone in tbe decline of life when she was pale and sickly, as she was
Ilot naturally of such a cOll1plf'J\.ion. The following anecdote of her is at p. 39, of
tbe U Yindiciæ Anti-Baxterianæ." u It is a well-known story of a great man that
,"ould, before King Charles, put a jest upon Oliver'
daughter, the Lady Falcon-
1Jerg :-:rrIadam, I saw your father yesterdllY.- JVhat then, sir ?-lIe stank most ubomi-
'1Iably.-I suppose he was dead then; was he not ?-Yes.-I th01lght so; Of" else, I be-
lieve, he \Could have 'IIlade you, stink tt'OTSP.. At which the king laughed heartily.

OF ENGLA
D.

Sl

werè persons of great worth, and no way inclined to disaffection,
either in the civil or religious principles, but remark.able for living
upon a small fortune with decency, and maintaining a large family
by their frugal circumspection.
To ease the expenses incident to a numerous progeny, r
lr"
Cromwell carried on a large brewing business, but it was by ser-
vants, whose account3 were entirely inspected by Mrs. Cromwell
herself. She was a careful prudent mother, and brought up her
family, after her husband's decease, in a very handsOlne, but frugal
manner, chiefly from the profits arising fronl the brewhouse, which
she continued to carryon upon her own account, and by that means
gave each of her daughter3 a fortune sufficient to marry them to
persons of genteel families.
Her greatest fondness was lavished away upon her only son,
whom she ever partially loved; and to her he was every way de-
serving of it, behaving always in the most filial and tender manner
to her, and upon his exalting himself to sovereign greatness, he
gave her apartments in the palace at \VhitehaIl, where she con-
tinued till her death, which happened Nov. 18, 1654"
As it was with great reluctance she partook of the pageantry of
sovereignty, so she continued undazzled with its splendour; and the
regard she had for Oliver, rendered her constantly wretched, from
the apprehension she had of his danger: she was discontented if
she did not see him twice a day; and never heard the report of a
gun, but she exclaimed, " My son is shot."
Though so averse to Oliver's protectorate, she seldom troubled
him with advice; when she did, he always heard her with great
attention; but acted as he judged proper: and with respect to her
funeral, entirely opposite to it; she requesting, when dying, to have
a private one, and that her body might not be deposited in West-
minster Abbey. Instead of fulfilling this request, the Protector
conveyed her remains with great solemnity, and attended with
many hundred torches, though it was day-li
ht, and interred thmn
in tbe dormitory of our English monarchs, in a manner suitable
to those of the mother of a personage of his then rank. At the
restoration, her body was thrown (with others) into a hole, before
the lodgings belonging to one of the canons or prebendaries, in
St. lVlargaret's churchyard.

VOL. IV.

:\1

82

BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY

MRS. ELIZABETII CLEYPOLE; frol1l an o1"i-
Æ'inal1JÛÙiature by Hoskins
' in the collection of Thomas
Coutts, esq. R. Cooper sc. 4to.
MRS. ELIZABETH CLEYPOLE; in Simon's" A:lcdals."
G. Vcrtlie sc. 4to.

MRS. ELIZABETH CLEYPOLE. W. Richardson; 8vo.

Elizabeth, the second and favourite daughter of Oliver Cromwel1,
was christened July 2, 1629, at St. John's church, in Huntingdon;
and Inarried John Cleypole, esq. eldest son of John Cleypole, esq.
of Gray's Inn, whose congenial sentiments with Cromwell on poli-
tical affairs paved the way to the l1latch. 1\1rs. Cleypole had an
elevation of mind and dignity of deportment, blended with the affa-
bility and mildness of the most humble, and was universally re-
spected by all parties. She appears to have laboured under great
bodily complaints, which, joined to the loss of a favourite child,
hastened her dissolution. What is also generally aUowed to have
accelerated it, was the death of Dr. Hewit, who was beheaded, for
endeavouring to bring in Charles the Second. The ineffectual
attempts she n1ade on her father to save the life of this person is
accounted for, by the knowledge she had of his clerical capacity,
frequently having attended his congregation when he preached;
and the remembrance of his fate caused her to have repeated
conferences with Oliver just before her death. In some of these,
she painted the guilt of his ambition in the most glowing colours,
which, says Lord Clarendon, exceedingly perplexed him; and ob-
serves, that he took nluch pains tù prevent any of his attendants
hearing; yet many expressions escaped her, which were heard by
those near, respecting cruelty and blood: and she was particular
in mentioning Dr. Hewit; the near approach of her dissolution
giving her liberty to say what she formerly thought, yet durst not
at the time express. It is however certain, that either what she
said, or her death, affected hÏIn wonderfully, as he never after ap-
peared cheerful, but settled into a confinned Inelancholy to his
death.
This amiable woman died at Hampton-court, amidst the prayers
of all for her recovery, and her loss was lamented by the whole
court, but particularly by her husband and father. No respect
whatever wa'3 omitted that could be paid to her memory. The

OF ENGl
AND.

83

Protector ordered the body to be rmnoved from the palace in
which she died to the painted chamber in 'Vest minster, where it
Iay in state SOllie time; and from thence conveyed, in the night of
August 10th, in great pomp, to the dormitory of the English kings,
where it was deposited in a vault made purposeJy to receive it.
The inscription on the coffin was,
Deposit um
lllilstrissimæ Dominæ D. Elizabethæ,
1lliper u.l'oris HOl101
atis8i'JJ1i Domini,
Domini Johannis Cluypole
jJlagistri Equitis;
neCllon Fi/iæ Secll'lulæ
Serenissimi
f Celsissimi
Principis
Oliveri, Scotiæ
Hibcrniæ

c.
Protectoris ;
Obiit
apud Ædes Hamptonicnses,
Setcfo die Augusti,
allllO ætatis suæ VicesinlO Octa'(:o,
Allnoque Domini
1658.

In the year 1725, when alterations were making in Henry the
Seventh's chapel, previous to an installation of the knights of the
Bath, they discovered, near the steps of the founder's tomb, the
vault of this lady. Mr. Fidoe, clerk of the works, observing the
workmen extremely busy, and in confusion, went to theIn, when he
found they had forced the silver plate (with the above inscription)
from the coffin, and endeavouring to conceal it; Mr. Fidoe took it
from them, and delivered it to Dr. Pearce, the dean, who said, he
would not take any thing that had been deposited with the illus-
trious dead, and ordered it to be carefully replaced.
It is asserted that she was a warm partisan for King Charles I.
as well as for Charles II. But it is a well known fact, that she
constantl y used all her influence in behalf of any who fell into
misfortunes on account of their loyalty; indeed, all that were in
distress partook of her pity, and very many of her bounty, which,
with her munificence, rendered the very large allowance the Pro-
tector settled upon her inadequate.

84

II lOG RAP II I C A L II 1ST 0 It Y

J..JADY FRANCES RUSSELL, fourth and
youngest daughter of Oliver Croffi,vell; dr(I1Vll and
cng"raved by TV. Bond, frO]}l a three-quarter portrait, in
the possession of Oliver Cro771well, csq. Svo.
This lady is reported to have been much disappointed by ]ler
father, in his rejecting several honourable proffers 11lade to him, to
solicit her in marriage, particularly from King Charles thc Second,
during his exile,. and the Duke of Enghicn, only son of the Prince
of Conde; and at length permitted the addresses of an amiable
young gentleman, the Honourable Robert Rich, esq. grandson and
heir to Robert, earl of Warwick, and that without the knowledge
of her father.
This alliance met with innun1erable difficulties; one great reason
why Oliver objected to it was, his having engaged her in marriage

· Lord TIroghill (afterward earl of Orrery), who might be properly called the
common friend of King Charles and the Protector, endeavoured to effect a recon-
ciliation between them, by the former's marrying this lady, to which not only the
king, but also she berself, and her mother, gave their assent; but as it \Vas a deli-
cate point to obtain Oli\'er's concurrence, it was not thought advi')eable to be too
precipitate, but to let the report circulate abroad before it was m
ntioned to the
Protector: when it 'Tas judged proper to be broke out to him, Droghill went as
usual to the palace, and Leing introduced to his highness in his closet, he asked,
U Whence he came, and what news he had brought?" His lordship replied,
u From the city, where I bave heard strange news indeed!" "Ah! what is it ?"
" Very strange news indeed!" "\Vhat is it?" "Perhaps your highness will be
offended." " I will not," replied Oliver hastily, U be itwhat it will," BroghiIJ then,
in a laughing way, said, " All the city news is, that you are going to restore the
king, and marry him to Lady Frances." Oliver smiJing, said, " .And what do the
fools think of it ?" U They like it, and think it is the wisest thing you c
n do, if
you can élccomp)i
h it." Cromwell looking steadfast at BroghiIl, "Do you belil've
80 too 1" who, finding the proposal pleasing to him, went on, " I do really believe it
is the best thing you can do, to secure yourself." The ProtcctOl', walking about with
his hands behind him, in a musi!lg posture, turned about to his lordship, " \"hy do
you believe it?" Upon which he endeavoured to convince Oliver of the expe.
diency and necessity of the thing; th
t nothing was more easy to bring about the
restoration. and that he would have the king for his son-in-Jaw, and, in all proba-
bil!ty, become grandfather to the heir of the crown. To this the Protector listened
with attention, and traversing the apartment twice or thrice, said, " The king will
never forgive me the death of his father." "Sir," replied his lordship, " you were
one of many who were concerned in it, but you will be alone in the merit of restoring
him; employ somebody to sound hilJl upon it, and see how he will take it; I'll do
it, if you think fit." "No, he will never forgive me his father's .lcath;" besides,
he is so damnably debauched, he canllot be trusted." Ilis lonblJip was fl:arfuJ of
proceeding farther, and !lO the discourse took i,mother turn.

OF ENGLAND. ..

85

to William Dutton, esq. who was bequeathed to Lady Frances by
his uncle, John Dutton, of Sherborne, in Gloucestershire, esq. one
of the richest men in the kingdom; who, by his will, dated Jan. ] 4,
1655, and proved June 30, 1657, left this bequest: " I humbly
request and desire, that his highness, the lord-protector, will be
pleased to take upon him the guardianship and disposing of my
nephew \Villiam Dutton, and Jf that estate I, by deed of settle-
ment, hath left him; and that his highness will be pleased, in
order to my former desires, and according the discourse that hath
passed betwixt us thereupon, that when he shall come to ripeness
of age, a marriage may be had anù solemnized betwixt my said
nephew, 'Villiam Dutton, and the Lady Frances Cromwell, his
highness's youngest daughter, which I much desire, and (if it take
effect) shall account it as a blessing from God."
Lady Frances and ]\tIre Rich, notwithstanding this and other im-
pediments, overcame all obstacles, but not without great trouble,
and were married Nov. ] I, 1657, their nuptials being solemnized
with great pomp and splendour.--The lady's happiness, which
seemed so n1uch to depend upon the gaining this husband, was but
short lived, for he was cut off soon after, dying Feb. 16, having
been married only two months; unfortunately she had no issue by
Mr. Rich. Had he lived some time longer she would have been a
countess; and had she had a son by him, the child would have
inherited the title of Earl of \Varwick.
She did not long remain a widow; her relation, Sir John RusselJ,
bart. solicited and obtained her hand: by him she had a numerous
family. The late baronet, Sir John Russell, was descended from
this marriage. She had also the misfortune to bury this gen-
tleman, not many years after their marriage; after which she had a
posthumous son. She remained his widow till her death, which
was the long space of fifty-one years. Unhappily for her, she saw
the fine estate of the Russells ruined in supporting the laws and
liberties of the kingdom, and by an attachment to the person of a
monarch, who made but poor returns for so generous an a
sistance.
The ample jointures she enjoyed were sufficient to have enriched
her family, had they been managed with discretion, which it is
probable they were not: frugality was seldom, or ever, adopted
by any of her family, and, it may be presumed, was unknown to her.
She died Jan. 27, 1720-1, at the very advanced age of eighty-
four, after surviving all her brothers and sisters. After OJiver
was declared protectOl', his daughters resided chiefly in apartments

86

ß lOG RAP II I C A L II 1ST 0 R Y

of one of the palaces; and such attention was paid to them by
foreign princes and states, that their ambassadors constantly paid
their compliments to these ladies, both when they came into, or
left the kingdom.

DOROTHY, wife of Richard Cromwell, lord-pro-
tector; an etching'; 4to. Thane e.l'c.
Dorothy, wife of Richard Cromwell, was eldest daughter and
coheiress of Richard Major, of Southampton, in the county of
Hants, esq. Very little is known of her, considering that she was,
at one time, the second person in the kingdom. There is every
reason to suppose that she was scarce (if ever) at court during
Oliver's protectorate, and never during that of her husband.
Among all the illiberal things that were levelled against the plO-
tectorate house of Cromwell, her character is almost the only one
that scandal has left untouched. She was married at I-Iurs]ey,
l\lay 1, 1649, and died Jan. 5, 1675, in the forty-ninth year of her
age, and was buried in the chancel of Hursley church, leaving be-
hind her the character of a prudent, godly, practical Christian.
By her husband (whom it is thought she never saw after he retired
to the continent in 1660) she had nine children, six of whom died
in their infancy.
Oliver Cromwell, her second son and heir, born at Hurs]ey,
July II, 1656, upon his mother's deatll, succeeded
by the set..
dement made upon her marriage, to the manor of lVlerdon, at
which time he was not of age by about three years. He was very
active at the revolution, and would have raised a regiment of horse
for the service of Ireland, if he might have been permitted to name
his captains; but the cautious \Vi11iam, from his name, his post,
and the advantages he had asked for, declined accepting the offer,
as judging it imprudent to make the son of one, and grandson of
another, who had sat upon his thrones, too popular at such a
juncture.
In the reign of that king, he found it necessary, on Son1e ac-
count or other, to present a petition to parliament; and gave his
petition to a friend, a member, who took it to the House of Com-
lnons to present it. Just as this gentleman was entering the
house with the petition in his hand, Sir Edward Seymour, the
famous old Tory member, was also going in: on sight of Sir
Edward so near him, the gentleman found his fancy briskly soli-

OF ENGL.AND.

87

cited by certain ideas of fun, to make the surly, sour, old Seymour,
carry up a petition for Oliver Crolnwell. "Sir Edward," says he,
stopping him on the instant, "will you do me a favour? I this
moment recollect, that I must immediately attend a trial in '\Vest-
minster Hall, which may keep me too late to give in this petition,
as J promised to do this morning; 'tis mere matter of form; will
you be so good as to carry it up for me
" "Give it me," said Sir
Edward: the petition went directly into his pocket, and he into
the 110use. When a proper opportunity happened to produce it,
Seymour put himself upon his feet, and his spectacles, and began
to read, "The humble petition of-of-of-of the devil!" said
Seymour, " of Oliver Cronnvell 1" The roar of laughter in the house,
at seeing him so fairly taken in, was too great for Sir Edward to
stand it; so he flung down his petition, and ran out directly.
Oliver died lVlay 1], 1705, and was buried with his family at
Hursley, the 13th of the same month; and though he lived to be
sixty-one years of age, he never was married. He is said to have
possessed a great deal of the spirit of his grandfather, with some-
thing of his look anù genius.

Ll\DY PENELOPE GAGE; fro17z an ol'.iginal
at Hcng'rave. R. Cooper sc. 4to. III Gage's "His-
tory and Antiquities of Heng;rave, in Suffolk."

Lady Penelope Darcy, third daughter of Thomas, earl of Rivers,
by lVlary his countess, had from her mother, in 1643, a settlement
made on her and her heirs, of Hengrave and other property in Suf-
folIc It is said that Sir George Trenchard, Sir John Gage, and Sir
\tVilliam Hervey, each solicited her in marriage at the same time;
and that to keep peace between the rivals, she threatened the first
aggressor with her perpetual displeasure; humorously telling
them, that if they would wait, she would have them all in their
turns.-a promise which the lady actually performed. The person
first favoured by her was Sir George Trenchard, of \V olverton, in
Dorsetshire. This marriage was soon followed by the death of her
husb.lnd, without issue; and in the following year, Penelope mar-
ried Sir John Gage, of Firle, in Sussex, whose descendants are
now owners of Hengrave.
Lady Penelope remained a widow till the year 1642, when she
n1arried Sir William Hervey, of Ickworth, in Suffolk, who sat in

88

n lOG R .A. P II I C A L fI 1ST 0 R Y

parliatllent for St. Ednlund's Bury, in the third of King Charles the
First, and was sheriff of Suffolk in 1650. By a former wife, Susan,
daughter of Sir Robert Jermyn, of Rushbrook, he had several
children, of whom Sir Thomas Hervey, a younger son, was father
of John Hervey, first earl of Bristol. IVlary, one of the daughters,
in 1648, became the wife of Lady Penelope.s third son, Sir Edward
Gage. Upon this marriage, his mother gave them the manor of
Chevington, and other lands in Suffolk, and settled upon him, in
remainder, expectant on her decease, the manor of Hengrave, and
her other Suffolk property. Sir 'Villialn Hervey died on the 30th
of September, 1660, and was buried at Ickworth. By his last
Inarriage there was not any issue. Lady Penelope survived him a
few months only.

DOI\1INA P_L\.STON, 1659. Faithorne sc. h. she
1ï,is print is COlJlpanioll to that of Sir 1iVin. Pa8loJl.
LA DY P ASTO
; oval, 1vitlt arlllS. TV. RichardsoJl.

This lady appears from the arms, which are a chevron betwixt
three owls, to be the second wife of Sir \Yilliam Paston. His first
was Catharine, eldest daughter of Robert Bertie, earl of Lindsey,
who received his death's wound, valiantly fighting for CharJes I.
at Edge-hill; and grand-daughter of the gallant Peregrine, lord
\Yilloughby, of Eresby. It is observable that this lady and her
])usband were descended from two of the bravest men that we read
of in our English annals. See" Biographia Britannica," article
BERTIE. See also P ASTON, Class VIII.

The LADY ELEANOR TEl\1:PLE. Ga.Y'lvood.f
1658; 12nlo. FOllr English verses. The plate is in the
possession vi the Duke of Bucking-lzaJ7l.
The LADY ELEANOR TE1\IPLE, &c. W. Richardson.

This is most probably the wife of Peter Temple, esq. of Leices-
tershire, styled, on the print, Sir Peter Temple. His wife being
called Lady Eleanor, does not prove her to have been of a noble family.
At this time, they had not established the distinction betwixt Eleanor
Lady .** and Lady Eleanor -**, which last title i
now applif'd

OF ENGL.AND.

89

to the daughters of peers. But it is at least doubtful whether her
husband was a knight; and if he was, dame, not lady, is the proper
prefix to the Christian nalTIe of a baronet's or knight's wife.

LADY KATH.i\.RINE I-IARIlINGTON, ,vife to
Sir James IIarrington, Æt. 36, 1654; octa
'oll.
Faitlzorne sc. 4to.

There seems to be no doubt that this is the portrait of Katharine,
daughter of Sir Marmaduke Dorrel, of Buckinghamshire, * and wife
of lVlr. Harrington, commonly called Sir James Harrington, the
well-known author of " The Commonwealth of Oceana," and the
translator of the first six books of the " Æneis :" but it is certain
that she was not married to him till after the restoratioll.t He
was then almost totally changed in body and mind: his constitu-
tion was broken, and his intellects visibly impaired, by a tedious
imprisonment, by harsh treatment, and as some believe, from the
effects of poison. This laùy was, in her younger years, not only
admired for her personal accomplishments, but greatly celebrated
for her wit. 1\11'. Harrington made his addresses to her when she
was in the pride of youth and beauty, and surrounded with ad-
mirers. He was then undistinguished from the crowd; but she
afterward, from motives of interest, became his wife. As he did
not meet with the returns of affection from her that he expected, an
open rupture ensued soon after their marriage: but they were soon
reconciled, and he treated her with great civility to the end of his
life.

lVIRS . JANE L.AN E; in Lord Clarendon's "His-
tOl:lJ;" 8vo.

IRs. LANE; on horseback, with Charles II. Ul
Clarendon's " IIistory."
MRs. J AN ELANE; oval, ill a square,; in Charles's
"Preservation after the Battle of Worcester." J. Scott.

... Several of the Dorrel family'lie buried in the church of 'Vest "'ycomb, Bucks.
t See " Biographia,
IV. p. 2538.
VOL. IV. N

90

BIOGRAPHICAL IIISTORY

MRS. JANE LA
E. R. Cooper sc.
Mus. LAXE. Stow sc. l/ronz an original picture in
the collection of Sir Hu&'h 5 f nlÌtlz.
TIle following is said to have becn done fOT' lJIrs.
Lane; an flnonyrnous portrait aftel" MoysJler, hy Jf:
FlollaJ', 1645.

l\IRs. JANE LANE. R. Cooper sc.
l\irs. Lane was a woman of uncommon sense and spirit, and
fan10us for assisting Charles II. in his escape, after the fatal battle
of ,V orcester. The royal fugitive, disguised in her father's livery,
rode before her on horseback, fronl Bentley HalJ, in Staffordshire,*
to IVIr. Norton's, near Bristol. This adventure was conducted with
-such singular address, that the king passed unnoticed through that
long journey. Her services were amply rewarded at the restoration.
She was afterward married to Sir Clement Fisher, baronet, of
Packington Hall, in 'Varwickshire.-t

MRS. SUSANNAH PER\VICH; in an oval; 8vo.
P. Rogerson del. T. Cross sc. Eight Eng"lish verses.
SUSANNAH PER'VICH, &c. w: Richardson.

Susannah, daughter of Robert Perwich, whose wife was mistress
of a very noted boarding
school, at Hackney, was the admiration
of all that knew her, for her accomplishments of body and nlind.

· Bentley Hall was the scat of l\Ir. Lane, and aLont twel'Ve miles from Boscobd
'Yond, where the king was concealed in an oak. Col. John Lane, brother to l\Irs.
Jane, was aiding in his escape.
t " Life of l\Iajor Bernardi," by I1imself, p. 5, a.nd 6. That author informs us.
that after the king arrived at the late Sir George Norton's house, near Bristol, he
went into the kitchen, by the advice of his supposed mistre
s, the better to conceal
himself: and that, as he was" standing by the fire-side, near the jack, the cook-
maid desired him to wind it up ; and he fumbling until the spit stood still, the mai(l
struck him, and calling him a black blockhead, asked \\'here the devil he had lived,
that he had not learnt to wind up a jack
The king modestly answered her with
a blQsh, that he was a poor tradesman's son, and had not been long in bis ladY'5
service." -Bernardi's If Life," p. 6 and 7.

OF ENGLA.ND.

91

She bad not only that quickness of apprehension, and readiness of
elocution which is natural to her own sex, but a solidity of judgment
rarely seen in men. Such was the pregnancy of her parts, that of
eight hundred ladies educated in her mother's school, there was not
one that ever attained to half her excellence in music, dancing, and
those other useful and ornan1ental qualifications in which ladies
are usually educated. 1\1usic was so peculiarly adapted to her
genius, that she excelled on several instruments; and was, at
about fourteen, well qualified to play any thing on the treble viol
in concert, at first sight. I...awes, Simpson, Jen

ins, and other
celebrated masters of music, listened to her with admiration, when
she sung or played their compositions, or her own. Her name was
so well known abroad, that she was frequently visited by foreigners
of eminence. But of all her excellences, as the author of her
" Life" assures us, her piety was the greatest; and her highest
qualification was to die the death, as she had lived the life, of a
Christian. Db. 3 July, ] 661, Æt. 25. See her" Life," by John
Batchiler, both in prose and verse, with various anagrams and
acrostics on her name, 12mo. 1661; before which is her portrait.

DORCAS BRABAZON. Georg'ii Lane, eq. all.
tlileet. co/vu:t'. 1662. III Simon's "111edals," plate 22.
Lady Lane, daughter of Sir Anthony Brabazon, of Tallaghstown,
in the county of Louth, knt. married 1644, to Sir George Lane,
principal secretary of state, and privy-counsellor to King Charles II.
in Ireland. Db. J 671.

...
IVIADAIVIA KILLEGRE, (per/zaps) I<.illegrew.
Hollar f. 1652; half length.

lVIADAl\1 !{ILLEGRE'V. Gaywood sc.

. * * * * * * * .

An allOJlynlolls portrait of a 'lV0111Gn: her hair is
dressed ill ]Jlang jorJJzal curls, which nearly 'resellzble
bottle-screws. ]'his is the only si17zilar idea that occurs
to 1Jle at pre/j'ent,. alld I shall look 110 farther, as it is

92

BIOGRAPHICAL IIISTOn, y

. "
sufficient to e.'l1Jress lllY 'JJl ean in g'. The following lincs
are under the head:

" Lo here a beauty in her morn, Ulho shakes
Day from her hair; and whose pelfeclion makes
The sun amuz'd, a lleal'en on earth to 'view ::tÞ
So much can birth and education do:'

I have the first leaf only of the dedication belonging to the
book to which this very ugly print of a great beauty was prefixed.
This is the address:
" To the true mirror of her sex, the truly honourable Mrs. Ellinor
Pargiter; and to the most accomplished, with an real perfections,
1\1rs. Eliz. 'Vashington, her only daughter, and heiress to the truly
honourable Laurence 'Vashington, Esquire, lately deceased." It is
probable, that this beauty, who dazzled the sun out of countenance,
" V ultns nimium jidgidllS aspici," soon changed her name; and
especially as she was heiress to a man of fortune.t It is to be re-
gretted that a lady of so many accomplishments should be so little
known, and that the engraver has given us so vile an idea of the
splcndoul' of her beauty.

JANE, L
t\DY CÆSAR, daughter of Sir Ed\rard
Barkhanl, knt. lord mayor of London in 1622, and
,vife of Sir Char]es Cæsar, knt. master of the Rolls,
D1arried 1626, died June 16, 1661, aged 60; buried
at Bennington, in Herts. ll. JVilkin8011 e.l'c. 4to.
This lady, the daughter of Sir Edward Barkham, knight, and
aldernlan bf London, who had served the office of mayor in 1622,
was the second wife of Sir Charles Cæsar, master of the Rolls, by
WhOlll she had issue, .Julius, the short-lived heir, rather to his
father's contagious disease than to his estates, who died of the
small-pox, five days after Sir Charles, on the 11 th of December,
1642; Henry, who succeeded his father in the paternal estate;

.. I w"\s about to censure this passage, till I rcco))ected an observation of 1\lr.
Bickerstaff, " That a mctaphur cannot be carried too far, when it is applied to a
]ady's charms." See the H Tatler," No. 34.
t 'Ve leaw from Collins's" Peerage," that the first Earl Ferrers married Eliza-
beth, daughter and heir oC Laurcnce Was1Iingtoll, ebq. of Caresden, ill 'Viltshire.

OF ENGLAND.

Ð3

Charles, and Edward, who died infants, the former in 1634, the
latter in 1639; a second Charles, who lived to the age of matu-
rity; a daughter, Jane, who also fen a victim on the 3d of Novem-
ber, 1642, at the age of two years, to the small-pox, about a
month before her father became infected.
Sir Charles's relict died in the house of her son, Charles Cæsar,
at Much Hadam, in Herts, June 16, 1661. She had passed most of
the years of her widowhood at Linwood, in Lincolnshire, on an
estate which probably was settled on her at her Inarriage, and
which, with other property in that county, seems to have composed
her marriage portion. She had also made purchases in Lincolnshire;
for, by her will, dated April 15th, 1657, and proved Nov. 16th,
1661; she bequeaths to her" youngest son, Charles, the lands
which she had bought of \Villiam Hasting
, of Ashfordby, in the
parish of Billesby; and of Thomas \V right, of East Raysin ; and of
Jeremiah \Valker, of Appley; all in that county;" with a charge
that he should sell them, if required, to her eldest son, Sir Henry,
at the price which she had paid for them. To Charles also, who
seems to have been her favourite son, she gives ] 0001. and the
great jewel, which was left to her by her mother, the Lady Bark-
ham; and to Sir I-lenry, only 1001. for mourning, because of
former gifts, such as the use of 10001. for nine years; also 4001. &c:'
Her husband, his first lady, herself, and all her children, with the
exception of Charles, are buried at Bennington. On the tomb of
this lady is inscribed, " Here lyeth the body of the most vertuous,
charitable, and truly religious lady, Dame Jane Cæsar, daughter to
Sir Edwarù Barkham, knt. lord mayor of London; late wife of
Sir Charles Cæsar, knt. l11aster of the Rolls, by whom she had
nine children, two only surviving her, viz. Sir Henry Cæsar, knt.
lord of this manor, and Charles Cæsar, of Much Hadham, esq.
She lived wife to Sir Charles Cæsar fifteen years, and remained
his widow eighteen. She died in the 60th year of her age, at
l\fuch Hadham, in this county, much honoured and lamented,
June 16, and was here interred, June 27, 1661, in hopes of a
blessed resurrection."

9-1 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTOlt Y

C LAS S XII.

PERSONS REMARKABLE FROM A SINGLE
CIRCUl\;JSTANCE IN THEIR LIVES, &c.

RICHARD PENDERILL, a farmer, who helped
to preserve Charles II. after the fatal battle of 'V or-
cester. See the reign of CHARLES, in which his
portrait was painted.

WILLIAM PENDERILL, brother to the former.
His portrait, which represents him in the eighty-
fourth year of his age, was probably drawn in the
reign of William III.

JAMES NAYLOR, born at Ardesloe (Ardesley)
near 'Vakefield, in Yorkshire, ",vas an Independent,
and served quarter-master in the parlialnent army,
about the year 1641; turned Quaker in 1641,
(1651-2); was punished for blasphemy, 1656; au-
thor of many books. He died at Holm, in Hunting-
donshire, 1 GOO, aged 44." T. Preston f.

JA1\IES NAYLOR; in a larp;e hat. F. Place; scarce.
J Al\IES NAYLOR; ill a large hat. R. Grave sc.
J Al\IES NAYLOR; a larg'e B. in his forehead; a
sJJlall print. In Pag,'it's " Heresiography."
I take this to be the on1y genuine likeness of him.
This enthusiastic visionary, who was converted to Quakerism hy
George Fox, was some tiule an admired preacher among the people

OF ENGLAND.

95

of that religion. As his features bore a near reselnblance to the
common pictures of Christ, it struck his imagination that he was
tl'ansformed into Christ himself. He presently assumed the charac..
ter of the Messiah, and was acknowledged as such by his deluded
folJowers. He affected to heal the sick, and raise the dead; and
entered triumphantly into Bristol, attended by many of this sect,
who strewed his way with leaves and branches of trees, crying,
c: Hosanna, blessed is he that cometh in the name -of the Lord.".
He was pilloried, burnt through the tongue, and branded with a n
in his forehead, for blasphemy, and was moreover sentenced to be
whipped, and confined to hard labour. The discipline of a prison
soon restored him to his senses.t One of his books is entitled,
" l\'Iilk for Babes, &c. written in the Time of the Confinement of his
outward :Ðlan in prison." Lond. 1661; 4to.

"The Portraiture of MARTHA IIATFIELD."
Size is repl'.esented lying in a bed, in one of the trances of
'lvhich the book that it belongs to g'ives an account. Tlze
print is prejì..l'ed to " The wise Virg'in, or a 'lvonderflll
Narration of the various Dispensations of God tOlvards
a Child of eleven Years of Ag'c" wherein, as his Seve-
rity hath appeared in affiicting, so also his Goodness,
both in enabling' her (when stricken dumb, deaf, and
blind, tlzroug'lt the Prevalency of the Disease) at several
TÙnes to utter 1Jlany glorious Truths concerning Christ,
Faith, and other Suljccts,. and also in 1"ecovering' Izer,
'lvithout the use of any eLl'ternal Means, lest the Glory
should be given to any other; io the Wonderl1lent of
many that cauze far and 'Jlea1
to see and hear her, u,itlt

;onle Observations in the fourth Year since he1'" Reco-
very." By Ja17les Fisher, a Servant of Christ, and late
Þfillister of the Gospel, in Shiflield; the 5th edition,
1664. The epistle dedicatory, by the author, is dated
the 20th Jan. IG52.

· Coke's U Detection," &c. p. 59, GO.
t See his Recantation in Lord Somer's" Tracts," II. 27!.

96

BIOGRAPI-IICAL IIISTORY

MARTHA HATFIELD; copiedfroln tlzeabove, ill Caul..
field's " Re1Jzarkable PCTsons."
This title so fully expresses the' contents of the book, that nothing
more need be addëd, but only that she was the daughter of Anthony
and Faith Hatfield, of Leighton, in the 'Vest Riding of Yorkshire,
and was twelve years old, the 27th of September, 1652; that she
was seized with the disorder which the author calls the spleen wind,
on the 6th of April, the same year, and suffered repeated convul-
sions, and was rapt into several trances, till the 9th of December
following, when she was restored to her senses. She continued jll
this state when the book was first published with an imprimatur,
signed" Joseph Caryl, 18 April, 1653." Thè licenser says, that
"the truth of the particulars related in the Narrative will be avouched
bymallY persons of worth," anù concludes thus: "'V e hope, reader,
those that are engaged in this work dare not commit such an im-
piety as to gull the world with a forgery." This seems to intimate
that Caryl himself suspected the truth of the relation, which will
naturally remind the reader of the story of Elizabeth Barton, the pre-
tended holy maid of Kent. This pious fraud was so artfully ma-
naged as to deceive even Sir Thomas l\lore, who cannot be supposed
accessary to any kind of imposture.

ROGER CRAB; a 'lDood-Cllt; whole leng,tlz,. fotlJ-
English -verses. Before" is Life, to u)lliclt is prçfi.red
this title: "The Eng'lish HerJJÛt, or the fVonder of this
Ag'e; being a Relation of the Life of Roger Crab,
living near Urbridge,* taken fron/; his OlDn lJIOllth,
SllCU,iJlg his strange, reserved, and unparalleled !(ind of
Life, who counteth it a Sin ag"aillst his BO{
lJ and Soul, to
cat any Sort of Flesh, Fish, or living Creature, or to
drink allY Wine, Ale, or Beer. He can live 'with three
farthing"s a 'loeelt. His constant J'ood is Roots and
Herbs; as Cabbag"e, Turnips, Carrots, Dock-Leaves,
and Grass; also Bread and Bran, 'lvithout lJlltter or
Cheese. IIis clothing; Sackcloth. lIe ltft the Arl7zy,

· At Ickcnham.

OF ENGLAND.

97

and kept a Shop at Clteshaìll, and hath nou) left off that,
a}ld sold a considerable Estate to give to the Poor;
she1DiJlg" his Reasons front the Scripture: Mar. x. 21.
Jer. xxxv.-Wherefore, if lJIcat 11la/ce rllY Brother to
offend, I'lvill eat no flesh, 1vhi Ie the fVorld standeth,
c.
I Cor. viii. 13."

ROG ER CRAB; lJl Caulfield's "Re17zarkable Per..
"
sons.

ROGER CRAB. W. llichardson.

Dr. Cheyne, who was an advocate for the Lessian diet, and men-
tions the longevity of some of the ancient ascetics of the desert,
who lived on that kind of food, probably never heard of this strange
humorist; or if he did, he passed him over in silence, as a mad-
man, who seems to have destroyed himself, by eating bran, grass,
dock-leaves, and such other trash as was comprehended within his
pious plan of living for three farthings a week. If Crab had resided
in France or Italy, he would indubitably have retired into the mo-
nastery of La Trappe. He died the 11 th of September, 1680, in
the 60th year of his age, and was buried at 81. Dunstan's, Stepney;
where there was a tomb, with an epitaph to his memory. See Ly-
sons's" Stepney."

MARRIOT, the great eater; h. slz. several Eng"..
lish verses.

MA Rn.I OT; at the shanzbles,. 12nlo.

MARRIOT; with wooden shoes, Ssc. tV. Richardson.
MARRIOT, the great eater; in Caulfield's "Re-
nlarkable Persons."

Marriot was a lawyer of Gray's Inn, who piqued himself upon
the brutal qualifications of a voracious appetite, and a powerful
digestive faculty; and deserves to be placed no higher in the scale
of beings than a cormorant or an ostrich. He increased his natural
capacity for food by art and application; and had as much vanity
VOL. IV. 0

'1

98

BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY

in eating to excess, as any monk ever had in starving himself.
See two copies of verses upon him among the works of Charles
Cotton, esq.

BARBARA URSELIN, &c. Isaac Brunn delin.
et sc. 1653. She is -re]Jresented playing' on the -harp-
sichord: underneath is a Dutch inscription. I never saw
hut one proof of tltis print, which is in the collection of
the Ea'rl of Bute. * Copied by W. Richardson.
The lively portraiture of BARBA RA, wife to lJIichael
V ANBECK, born at Aug'sburg, in Hig:h Gerl1lany;
the daug-htel" of Balthasar and Anne Ursle}";t aged 29,
AtJ. Donz. 1658. R. GayzlJoodf. Lond. Thefollowing
note was written under one of these prints which is, or}'"
was lately, in the possession of lJIr. Frederic/c, bookselle1't
ill Bath:t
" This woman I sa1V in Ratcl
ffe l-lig'Jzway, in the
!lea,.. 1668, and was satisfied J'he was a wOlllan."-John
Bulfinch.

The face and hands of this woman are represented hairy all over.
Her aspect resembles that of a n10nkey. She has a very long and
large spreading beard, the hair of which hangs loose and flowing
like the hair of the head. She is playing on an organ. Vanbeek
married this frightful creature, on purpose to carry her about for

show.

HANNAH TRAPNEL; in the d'J"ess of a Quaker,
listening to the inspiration of an evil spi'J"it. Gaywood
fecit; 4to. very scarce.

· The Catalogue of Heads, in this second edition (1775), lIas been enlarged
from the grand collection of prints in the possession of the Earl of Bute, in which
is a great number of Englisl) portraits, and many of them very rare. Lord Mount-
stuart was pleased, in the most obliging manner, to point out to me some consi-
derable additions to the biographical part of this work.
t Urslerin.

I have hcard that it was purchased by 1\lr. Bull about 1775.

OF EN(;LAN D.

DD

HANNAH THAPNEL, a Quaker and pretended pro-
]1!letess. J. Berry sc. 4to. Copied frollt the above.

This woman, who was a follower of James Naylor, took up her
residence for some time in the neighbourhood of 'Vhitehall, where
she fell into several trances, in which she uttered strong expres-
sions, as revelation against the person and government of Oliver
Cromwell. For these she was sent to Bridewell, as an impostor
and vagabond. She afterward inclined to the fanatical party, and
went on pilgrimage to visit Carew the regicide, who was confined
by Cromwell's order in Pendennis Castle. Sewel in his History of
the Quakers, notices" a certain woman that came into the parlia-
ment house with a pitcher in her hand, which she breaking before
them, saiù, So should they be broken to pieces: which came to
pass not long after." This could be DO other than Hannah Trap-
nel. See SeweI's " History of the Quakers," p. 185.

J Al\IES I-IIND; oval; cut in wood,. prejiJ.'ed to his
H ConfcssioJl.
"

..
J Al\IES HIND; oval,. front the above. TV. Richard-soll.
JAI\IES IIIKD; on horseback, in arJJzour; (portrait
tOf Charles II.)

James Hind declares in his confession, May 2, 1649, " I de-
parted England and went to the Hague; but after three days
-departed for Ireland, and landed at Galloway, and was corporal to
the l\larquis of Onnond's life-guards; was wounded at Y oughall,
in the fight arm and hand; made an escape to Duncannon, thence
to Scilly, and the Isle of Man; went to Scotland, sent a letter to
bi3 majesty, and represented n1Y services, &c. which was favour-
ably accepted; for no sooner had the king notice of my coming,
but immediately I had admittance and kissed his hand, and COlB-
mended me to the Duke of Buckingham, then present; came to
England, was in the engagement of \Varrington and ".,. orcester,
where I kept the field till the king fled; and in the evening, the
gates being full of flying persons, I leaped over the wall by myself
<)DIy, travelled the country, and lay three days under bushes and
hedges, because of the soldiery, till I came to Sir John Packing-

100 BI 0 G }t.A.P III CA L If IS TOR Y

ton's woods, where I lay five days; and afterward came on foot to
London, by the name of James Brown; lodged five weeks in Lon-
don, and was taken November 9th, 1651, at Dowry's the barber,
near Dunstan's church, in Fleet-street. This is all that was de-
clared by him, who remains captived in close prison in the gaol of
Newgate.-JAl\IES HIND.

ABRAIIAMUS WOOFE, Æt. 60; e'J1zblems; battle
at bottoJJ1.

Alnong the curious pamphlets in the British Museuln, is one
entitled, " The Tyranny of the Dutch against the English, wherein
is exactly declared the (almost invaluable) loss which the Com-
monwealth of England hath sustained by their usurpation, and
likewise the sufferings and losses of Abrahmn W oofe, then factor at
Lantore, and others in the island of Banda; never publislled before,
formerly collected in loose sheets by 1\11". 'Voofe himself, and now
illustrated and extracted out of his papers by John Quarles.
London, printed by John Crowch and Thomas 'Vilson, and are to
be sold at Mr. 'Voofe's house over the Water Gate, in Cole Harbour,
1653 ; 8vo. 86 pages.
The title-page shews 'V oofe was in England; we gather this also
from the following lines in the explanation of the frontispiece, in
which is 'V oofe's portrait.
" But Heav'n thought good, to make this truth appear
By W oofe; then clouded thel'e, now shining here."
The frontispiece represents the cruelties of the Dutch, after the
taking of Lantore. The dedication to Oliver Cromwell is signed
" Abraham ,V oofe."

The follo.wing; anOJ1!JJJlOUS portraits belong' to the
Interreg'llll1n, or the reign of Charles II.

A half length of {l nzall, THOMAS MANLEY; pre-
}i.red to his
'P{[raphrase on Job;" hair, black cap, sash,
and shoulder-knot; four verses:
" The pencil can no more/' &c.
T. [tros s 8C. Svo.

OF ENGLAND.

101

Another portrait of a man in a loose robe, hlack cap,
short falling' band,. "Firnza nobis Fides," in (l label
over the arnlS. Faithorne sc.
A 'Juan in a cloak, holding a pen,. with several verses:
(t This picture represents a heavenly lnind," &c.
T. Cross sc. 121120.

REMARKS ON DRESS.

It appears by the broad seal of Charles II. in Sandford, dated
1653, that he wore long hair and whiskers. It also appears from
the prints of him, in Sir William Lower's account of his entertain-
ment at the Hague, the same year, that he sometimes wore a large
cravat, and, at other times, a long falling band with tassels. His
rumes were large, his doublet short, his boots were also short, with
large tops, his hair long, with a lock on the right side much longer
than the rest.
1\1r. Benlowes, in his" Theophila," published in 1652, has given
us a print of a man of mode. In his hat, the brim of which is ex-
tended horizontally, is a large feather: it inclines much to the right
side, as if it were falling off his head. His hair is very long, his
ruffles are double, his doublet reaches no lower than the waistband
of his breeches; his sword is enormous, and suspended to a belt,
which comes over his right shoulder; his breeches are large, with
puffs like small blown bladders, quite round the knees; his boots
are very short, with fringed tops, which are near as ample in their
dimensions as the brim of his hat.* It appears from the same
author, that black patches were sometimes W01'U by the beaux at
the time of the Interregnum. t Short hair, short bands, long cloaks,
and long visages, frequently occur in the portraits of this period.

.. See (( Theophila," p.210.
t Ibid. p, 194, Stanza viii.-At this pcriod, a bill against the vice of painting,
wearing black patches, and immodest dress of womcn, was read ill the House of
Commons. See the H Parliamentary History."
At the same time was published a pamphlet, entitled II The Loathsomeness of
long Hair, with an Appendix against Painting, SJl()lS, naked Breasts," &c.
Patchcs, which derived thcir origin from thc Indians, werc called. in the dialect
!}f the vulgar l beauty spots; but were, in realitYI
pots of deformity. ëlnd would havc

102

BIOG RAPIIICAL. II 1ST OR Y

lUre Benlowes has also given us prints of two ladies, engraved
by Hollar; one in a sumn1er, the other in a winter dress. The
former is without a cap, has her hair combed like a wig, except
that which grows on the crown of the head, which is nicely braided,
and rounded in a knot. Her neck-handkerchief is surrounded with
a deep scalloped lace, anù her cuffs are laced much in the same
manner. The sleeves of her gown have many slashes, through
which her linen is very conspicuous: her fan is of the Inodern make.
The latter is represented in a dose black hood, and a black mask,.
whichjust conceals her nose. She wears a sable tippet, and holds
a large muff of the same kind, which entirely hides her arms.
The strings of the falling band hung down to the breast, with
tassels or other curious work, to which some would foppishly add
other ornaments, as the old epigram following shews:
" A reverend dean, with band starclí'd and clean,
\Vas to preach before the king;
In his band-strings was spy'd a ring there was ty'd,
\Vas not that a pretty thing 1
TIle ring without doubt, was the thing put him out;
That he could not tell what was next;
For all that was there, did say and declare
He handfed it more than the text."

been so esteemed had they been natural. Sir Kenclm Digby informs us, that the
following fact was well known to all the English court.
A lady, who was his relation, and who, as he says, was U niece of Fortescu, tbe
daughter of Count Arundel," made him a visit. She was then in all the pride of
her beaut)', which she endeavoured to heighten with artificial embeIlis}unents, and
was particularly nice in her patches, to which Sir Kenehn had an aversion. He
brought several arguments to dissuade her frolD the use of these savage ornaments.
Among others, as she was with child, he said, Cf Have you no apprehension that
your child may be born with half-moons upon his face; or rather, that all the black
which you bear up and down in SOlan portions. may assemble in one, and appear in
the middle of his forehead
" This remonstrance occasioned her leaving off the
practice of patching; but his words made such an impression upon her imagination,
that the daughter of whom she was then pregnant, was born with a spot" as large
as a crown of gold." in the middle of her forehead.-Digby's "Discourse concern.
iog the Powder of Sympathy," p. 101, edit. 1658.
· It is well known that the mask has concealed many immoralities, and that it
was long worn by women of intrigue, and prostitutes of the town. DrJ'del1, in tbe
epilogue to his" Love Triumphant," mentions Ie l\Iasks and l\1isses"t as persons of
much the same character. It was indeed frequentl.Y worn by women of the strictest
virtue; and genera1Jy on the first night of a comedy, in the reign of Charles II.

t The word Mus was formerly used for a woman of ill fame.

OF ENGLAND.

]03

John Owen, dean of Christ Church, and vice-chancellor of Ox-
ford, went in querpo, like a young scholar, with powdered hair; his
band-strings with very large tassels, a large set of ribands at his
knees, with tags at the end of them; Spanish leather boots with
large lawn tops, and his hat mostly cocked.
After the close-stool-pan sort of hat, came in the sugar-loaf or
high-crowned hat; these, though mightily affected by both sexes,
were so very incommodious, that every puff of wind blowing them
off, they required the almost constant employment of one hand to
secure them.

104 BlOC. RA PIlI CA\ L IllS TOR \

APPENDIX

TO

THE INTERREGNUM.

FOREIGNERS.
HENRICUS CAROLUS DE LA TRE1\IOU-
ILI
E, &c. nobilissin1i Ordinis Garterii Eques; ill
arlllOllr. P. Philippe sc.
Charles de la Tremouille, styled "Prince de Tarente," was son
of Henry de la Trelllouille, duke of Thovars. He was elected
knight companion of the Garter, together with Henry, duke of
Gloucester, in 1653, at Paris; was installed at \Vindsor, in April,
1661. He died in his father's lifetime, the 14th of September

1672.
He was husband of the Princess of Tarente, so often lllentioned
in the letters of Madam de Sevigné.

TJlere is a print by Nantucil, after Cha}}lpaig'nc, of
IIENRY of ORLEANS, duke of Longueville and
Creq ui.
This was probably the same person that was sent alllbassador to
Cromwel1, together with Mancini, nephew to Cardinall\lazarine.

ERIC ROSENKRANTZ, Signeur de Rosenhohll,
&c. A. F. f. a s1Jzall bust in Hofinan.

Eric Rosenkrantz, who visited England in the reign of Charles 1.
from a motive of curiosity, was, in 1652, sent hither on an extra-
ordinary embassy, in conjunction with PEDER REETZ, of whom
I-Iofman has also given us a print. Cromwell who considereù

OF ENGLAND.

105

ß osenkrantz as a young minister without experience, asked him
whether there were many such forward geniuses among the Danes
who were qualified to manage the arduous affairs of state before
their beards were grown? Rosenkrantz, who had occasion for all
his temper and discretion not to say too much or too little upon
this attack, replied, with an admirable firmness, "Sir, my beard,
though it be young, is, however, older than your republic." The
Protector, from this smart reply, conceived a different opinion of
him, and treated him with much higher regard.. He died in
1681. Peder Reetz, lord of Tygestrup, died in 1674, having been
chancellor, privy-counsellor, and chief treasurer, to the King of
Denmark.

JACOBUS CATS, Browershavius, Ord. HoII.
Advocatus, Sigillorum Custos, &c. Ob. 12 Sept.] 660;
without the engTaver"s nanle.
JACOBUS CATS; in an oval; supported by 'Jnany
Cupids; Æt. 77, 1655; folio.
This eminent person is memorable as a lawyer, a politician, and
a poet. He came first into England to consult Dr. Butler, in a
hectic case; and, twice afterward, ill quality of ambassador, in the
reign of Charles I. and in the protectorate of CromweIl, having
been here at the time of the engagement betwixt Blake and Tromp.
He soon after retired to Chelsea, where his lodging, and that of
two others who were joined with him in the embassy, was sur-
rounded by soldiers. This greatly alarmed them: but, as Crom-
well told him upon his complaint, it was to prevent their being torn
to pieces by the "mob, who were extremely exasperated against the
Dutch. He and his colleagues were hereupon secretly'sent away
with great care and dispatch by comman{l of the Protector.

MENASSEH BEN ISRAEL. Rembrandtf. 1636;
etched with unconzmOll nature and spirit, 4to. See the
" Catalogue of the Works of Rembrandt," No. 250.
ME
ASSEH BEN ISRA EL, Æt. 38, 1642. Salo11t
Italia.

VOL. IV.

· cc Hofman," artic. RO!ENKRAWTZ, p. SO.
p

JOG BIOGltAPIJICAL JIISTORY

Menasseh Ben Israel, a learned rabbi and physician, and the
chief of the J e\Vs who resided in the Low Countries, was an agent
in their behalf with the Protector for their settlement in England;
for which he is said, by several writers, to have offered him 200,0001.
but upon condition that St. Paul's cathedral should have been
appropriated to their use.* This tempting proposal persuaded
Crolnwell, at least he pretended to be persuaded, that the cause
of the Jews was the cause of God:! and that their establishment
would be in order to their conversion, as Christianity, ill its purity,
was to be found. in England, particularly among the Independents.
This met with the strongest opposition from the generality of the
people, especially the clergy; several of whom, contrary to the
instructions which they had received from Cromwell, exerted the
whole force of their arguments against the rabbi, in a set dispu-
tation, and backed it with all the weight of their authority. Heath,
in his" Flagellum,"t tells us, that Oliver" gulled the Jews of their
earnest-lnoney." Mention is made of several of Ben Israel's works
in the Bodleian Catalogue. His" Vindiciæ J udæorum," published
soon after his return to Holland, has been mentioned to his credit
by several writers, who, though no friend to the Jews, were in-
clined to do justice to his uncommon candour and abilities. The
completest account of his character and writings is in W olfius's
" Bibliotheca Hebræa."

CHRISTIAN RA VI US, of Berlin, of whom there
is a print in 12mo. which corresponds with that of
Williams, or Willisum, was, at this time, a professor
of Hebrew in London.

· Tovey, in his " Anglia Judaica," p. 259, says, CI As soon as King Charles was
murdered, the Jews petitioned the council of war to endeavour a repeal of that act
of parliament which had been made against them, promising, in rdurn, to make
them a present of 500,0001. provided that they could likewise procure the cathe-
dralof St. Paul to be assigned them for a synagogue, and the Bodleian library at
Oxford to begin their traffic with; whicb piece of service, it seems, was undertaken,
by those honfst men, at the solicitation of Hugh Peters and Harry Marten, whom
tbe Jews employed as their brokers, but without any success."; See what Tovey
says of l\Ienasseh Ben Israel, p. 280, &c.
t P.167.

* Monteth's U History of Great Britain," p. 473.

OF ENGLAND.

107

CHRISTIANUS RAVJUS, Berlill11s; in an oval; Æt. 32;
,-fthips in the distance; 12JJlo. This 'U)as afterlvard altered
to JfTillianls.

After he had spent about eight years in foreign universities, he,
in 16] 3, became a sojourner at Oxford. He was, for his oriental
learning, patronised by Archbishop Usher; and was, by Grotius,
recommended and introduced to Cardinal Riehelieu, who would have
sent him as his agent into the Eastern countries; but he declined
the proposal, alleging his attachment to the archbishop, who was
indeed a very generous pat.ron. It is certain, tllat he was at Con-
5tantinople io 1639, and that he there became acquaint-ed with the
learned Pococke. In 1648, having taken the coveilant, he was, by
the powers in being, appointed fellow of Magdalen CoHege, in
Oxford. 1\lr. 'V ood, whose account of him is chiefly taken from
the dedication of his "Discourse of the Oriental Tongues," ad-
dressed to Primate Usher, has mentioned all his writings, of which
this c'Discourse," is the most considerable. lIe is censured, in
"Dr. Pococke's Life,". as a man of little judgment and great in-
discretion in his conduct. He died in Germany, in 1677. His
portrait is prefixed to his "Grammar of the Oriental Languages,"
Bvo. 1649.

JOANNES RUIJTIUS, I(irchbergæ natus 1602;
Æt. 50. IIeideibergan1 redux; lVlinisterio functus
Dorcestriæ annos 5; Heidelbergæ, ] ; Amstelodami
in Ecclesia Anglica, 4; ibidem in Germanica, 13. C.
])llsarl ad ViVll1Jl del. J. Bro'lL
er sc. four Latin verses ,.
h. sit.

D. JOHANNES RUI..ITIUS, &c. fOlll' Dutch verses;
half
'Izeet. II. de lIIayer f

I have placed this person here according to the date of his age;
})erhaps improperly. I know no more of him than what is inscribed
on his print.

.. P. 1 i, &c. 33, ';2.

108 BI 0 G RAPII ICAL IIIST OR Y

AEONAPßO
<ÞIAAPA
, YIO
, IQANNOY, ASH-
NAIO
. Claud .AIel/an del. et sc. h. slz. See a particu-
lar description of this print in Florellt Le Compte.
LEONARD PHILARAS. Piccino, ad vivum, 1658.

Leonard Philaras, a native of Athens, was minister from the
Duke of Parma to the King of France. He was a Dlan of emi-
nent learning, and one of Milton's foreign correspondents. In his
Twelfth Epistle, wbich is addressed to him, he mentions the re-
ceipt of one of his letters, together with this head: "missmn deinde
salutem cum effigie," &c. In his Fifteenth, which is particularly
curious, he gives hiln a circumstantial account of his blindness.
Philaras, who deplored his calamity, made him a visit in London,
and encouraged him not to despair of a cure. Milton was then
l,atin secretary to the Protector.

"RIGEP DANDULO, a Turk by seven descents,
can1e into Eng]and ,vith Abde Aga, agent from the
illustrious Han1et Basha, of Argier; and was here
baptized into the Christian faith, by Mr. Gunning,.
at Exeter chapel, in the Strand, Nov. 8, 1657."-
Cross sc. Before Dr. Warn2stry's "J\Tarrative of his
COJlve1"sion," 1658; 12nzo.
RrGEP DANDULO; in Cau!Jield's " Rellla1"kable Per-
"
sons.

Rigep Dandulo descended from the noble family of the Danduli
at Venice, was the only son of a silk-merchant in the isle of Tzio.
He came into England from a motive of curiosity, and was enter-
tained in the house of Lady Laurence, at Chelsea, with whose son
he had been formerly acquainted at Smyrna. Dr. ,V armstry, who
visited this lady, was strongly indined to attempt his conversion;
though Dandulo was ignorant of the languages with which the
doctor was acquainted. Lady Laurence and her family came
heartily into this pious design. Mr. Peter Gunning offèred to

· Afterward Bishop of Ely.

OF ENGI...AND.

109

second Dr. Warmstry in his arguments; and 1\lr. Samois, chaplain.
to the Earl of Elgin, and a good proficient in the Turkish language,
undertook the office of an interpreter. Dandulo at first appeared
extremely averse from changing his religion; but his mind was
strange1y wrought upon by a dream, which was more efficacious
than every other motive; and he was soon after baptized at Exeter-
house, in the presence of several persons of distinction. In the
" Narrative" is a long discourse of dreams of the providential kind,
and a detail of the argulnents used for his conversion.*

CATHARINE LETI-IIEULLIER, born 8 Jan.
1587; married Jacob Desbouvrie, of Killeghorn, in
Holland, September 9, 1630. T. LllttichuY8 f. anno
1656; a Ilalf lcng;tll, sitting in a chair.

Catharine Le Thieullier, or Lethieullier, as now written, was
daughter of John Le Thieullier, a gentleman of Flemish extraction,t
who resided chiefly in Germany, by Jane Frappè, daughter of John
Frappè, of Tournay, who married, to her second husband, John de
\Veez, of Frankfort, who deceased in 1604, in two years after their
marriage. In July, the following year, she came over to England,
with her son John Le Thieullier, and her daughter Catharine, who
was born on the 8th of January, 1587; married on the 9th ofSep-
tember, 1630, to 1\11'. Jacob des Bouverie, minister of Killeghorn,
in Holland; and died in 1664, aged 77. She probably left no
issue, as she was in or about her 43d year when she married. She
lies buried, with her Inother, in the church of St. Helen's-le-Grand.
She was great-great-aunt of Sir J atnes Burrow, knight, master
of the crown-office, and fellow of the Royal and Antiquarian So-
cieties; and also of Smart Lethieullier, esq. who was also fellow of
the same societies; and of John Loveday, esq. of Caversham, in
Oxford:lihire. The present family of Desbouverie are colIateraIly

· In Kennet's (( Register and Chronicle," under July, 1660, is this passage;
.. Upon reading the petitioll of Philip Dandulo, a convert Turk (his majesty being
present), it is orJered that it shaH be recommended to the ministers of London, who
are desired to collect the charity and benevolence of all well-disposed persons
within their several parishes." Kennet informs us, that another petition for his
farther relief was read and granted at the council-board, on the 8th 'of l\Iarch, 1660-1.
t His father was martyred for his religion, at V alcllcicllllC
, in Hai1l8ult, under
the Duke of Alva.s administration.

110 BIOGRAPHICAL IIISTORY

related to this lady.. Mr. Smart LethieuIlier had a very good pic-
ture of her, which is now in the possession of Edward Hulse, esq.
of A]dersbrook, in Essex, who married the only child of Charles
Lethieullier, brother to Smart, and sole heiress of both these gen.
tlemen. ·

\Tera Effigies DOMINI BLASII de Manfre, Ne-
tini, Siculi, Æt.72, 1651; ill an oval. W. Hollar fecit.
B LA srI de Manfre; in Cau!field's "Renzarkable
Persons."

He is represented standing against a pillar, and again, at a dis-
lance, upon a stage, spouting water in a large and violent stream
from his ear. Near him is a long double row of glasses; above
him is tbe sun in full splendour, with this inscription, "Solus sicut
Sol ;" also FaIne with two trumpets, and another inscription, "Fama
volat.'. Under the oval are sixteen Latin verses, which inform us
of his drinking water in large quantities, and discharging it from
}lis stomach converted into various sorts of wine, simple-waters,
beer, oil, and milk; and performing this before the emperor and
several kings. I t is certain, t11at he was one of the most wonderful
jugglers that ever appeared in the world, and that he was, by the
generality of the people, and even by some persons of rank and
eminence, regarded as a magician. But those who are acquainted
with the effects of drugs, the tricks of legerdemain, and the won-
derful faculties of the human frame, may acconnt for it, strange as
it is, without imputing it to supernatural powers. He was certainly
in Germany, France, and several other countries of Enrope
but
,'ery prudentJy declined going to Spain, for fear of the lnqnisition.t
The late 1\11'. James West asserted, that he lived long in England.

· Tl.is article was communicatei1 by Sir James 'Burrow.
t It is certain, that, in my remembrance, a horse, which Ilad been taught to tell
thf> spots UPl)J) cards, tlIe hour or the day, &c. b.r significant tokens, was, together
with his owner, rut into the ]nquisition, as if they harl both dealt with the devil;
Lut the supposed human criminal soon convinced tllc inquisitors that he was an
}sonest juggler; and that his horse was as innocent as any Least in Spain.

OF ENGI..AND.

III

CHARLES II. WAS RESTORED ON HIS
BIRTH-DAY, MAY 29, 1660.

CLAS S I.

THE ROYAL FAMILY.

CHARLES II. on horseback; crown on his Ilead;
{.avalcade underneath;,. Overton; slleet.
CHARLES II. on horseback, as in the coronation pro-
cession. Gaywood f. 1661; larg;e sh. There is another
print of him, with the sallie procession, by Chantry.
The horse on which the king rode at his coronation, was bred
and presented to him by Thomas, lord Fairfax, the parliament
general.

CHARLES II. Æt. 30, 1660. f
F. in venit, J. Ch. sc.
in armour; Ii. she

CAROLUS II. Lely p. Lutterel f. 4to. 'lnezz.
CAROLUS II. Lei!} p. Becket f. small,. 'lJlezz.
CAROLUS II. Lely p. sold by Brown;*' whole length;
sitting; large h. she llzezz.
CHARLES II. Lely p. Thomson ej}c. sitting,. h. she
1l1e.ZZ.

CHARLES II. Lelg p. Blootelinf!;f. 1680; It. sit.

'11zezz.

" Probably the engraver.

112 BIOGRAPIIICAL IIISTORY

CAROLUS II. LeZy p. Vand1"ebanc sc. abnost as large
as the life.
CHARLES II. LeZy p. Vertue sc. 1736. Front a pic-
ture in Brideu)ell Hall, London,. h. sit. One of the set
of ](illg'S.
C1\ ROl.US II. &c. Lely p. Faber f. 1750; u'/iole
leng.th,. she mezz. Fronz an orig'iJlal in the pO/J.session
if tlte DUh'e of Ricll1nond.
CAROLUS II. Wissing p. Tlandervaart f. h. she 'Jnez'.
..
CARO LUS II. Kneller p. R. White sc. 1679; sh.
Mr. Walpole observes, that Robert White took the first print he
ever engraved from the works of Kneller.

CAROLUS II. Kneller p. Becket f. coronation robes;
7.ohole length; larg'e h. she 'lllezz.

CAUOLUS Secundus. Kneller p. SJJÛth. f. h. she
CAROLUS Secundus. (Kneller p.) SJ1Ûth f.4to. 11leZ'Z.
CAROLUS Secundus. (Kneller p.*) J. SnlÍth and
Rog;er Willia1ns f. h. she 'JJle.ZZ.

. CARO LUS II. Kneller p. R. TVillialJls f. Sold hy J.
Smith. The following inscription which 'loas very pro-
bably written by Snzith himself, is on the proof, 'lvhich
'lfJas in tIle collection of Mr. Spcncer, 1niniature-painter:
"Drawn, begun, and finished by J. Smith; . and
the head entirely by Smith." In the sa1Jze hand is
"J. Smith f."

· Though the painter's name is not engraved on this print and the next Above,
they are known to be done aftcr Kneller.

OF ENGLAND.

113

CHARLES II. Kneller p. Skilman sc. large h. sll

CHARLES II. Kneller p. Picart sc. dire..r. 1724; 4to.
CAROLUS II. J. Riley p.
Faitlzorne (junior) f.
ll.. she 111e
z.

The king's remark upon the original portrait was, " That if it was
like him, he was a very ugly fellow." But the painte
J who was
an excellent artist, certainly did him justice.

CHARLES II. own hair, slit sleeves. Faithorne exc.
4to.

CAUOLUS II. arlns of Englund,
c. at the four cor-
ners of the print. Faitlzorne sc. large h. she
There is another, by the sanze /zand, in octavo.
CHARLES II. in al'11nour; sL
' Eng,'lisl1, verses. Fai-
thorne sc.

CAROLUS II. Hollar f. half length; h. she
CAROLUS II. a head in a square. Hollar f. 8vo.
CAROLUS II. rex, &c. Hollar f. 8vo.
CAROLUS II. standing; enzblelnatical figures. C.
Schut invenit. All hut the face is done hy Hollar. she
CHARLES II. in arll1our,. half length,. inscribed,
"Redivivo Phænici Carolo," 8j
c. Enzble17zatical fi-
B'ures, a pliænLr, lfic. engraved by Hollar,. the portrait
is by another hand.
CHARLES II. on horsebac/r. Diepenbeck invenit.;
Caukercken f. e1Jlble171atical jz
'ures,. si..
' J?rcnch verses;
sll.

VOL. IV.

Q

114 BIOGRAPHICAL IIISTORY

CHARLES II. on horseback, with a small VlCW' of
Whitehall, 1'oyal oak, ship,
"c. neat,. 4to.
CAROLUS II. &c. a bust in tile.frontispiece to Sprat's
" Histor..ZJ of the Royal Society." Hollar f. 4to.
CHARLES II. hat and feather. Gaywoodf. h. sit.
CHARLES II. &c. sold by
Ytent; h. sh..
CAROLUS II. Hertochs f. s112all; 8vo.
CAROLUS II. done from ajine '/Jzedal of him. Bloote-
ling f. 'lJlezz. slnal/.
CAROLUS II. Log-g'on sc. largefalling band; star
and g;al'ter,. oval.
CAROLUS II. Loggan sc. in armour. Before Ross's
trallslation of " Silius Italicus;" fol.
CHARLES II. Loggan sc. 'without the king:'s naJne;
inscribed, "Fidei Defensor."
CHARLES II. view of a sea-jig;ht. J. de RaIn e.rc.
CHARLES II. on horseback,. 4to. Van
Ierlen.
CHARLES II. in an octagon,. Bouttats,. snzall.
CHARLES II. in an octagon;
]tIerlin,. quarto.
CHARLES II. Kneller,. P. Vandrebanc; sheet.
CHARLES II. in an oval, on a pedestal, on l.vhich
are the arUlS of England,. fourteell EJ/p,'lislt verses;
Danckel" Danckerts; folio.
The portrait see1ns hy Van Dalen.
CHARLES II. half leJlgth
,. ill an oval; sitting' in Ilis
'robes,. crown and sceptre,. cro
vn, lion, and tlllicorn, at

. OF ENGL.A.ND.

115

the COrJlerl
. (Faithorne.) Sold by Robt. Gibhs. From a
scrJJlon preached at his coronatioll in Scotlund, before the
hattle of Worcester; 4to.
CHARLES II. in a Van Dyck dress, 'lvhen prince and
duke of (}o'l"Jllvall,. in [lJl oval; suzatl folio. TV. FaithorJle ;
rare.

CHARLES II. sitting' and Itolding a charter in his
/1 and ; in the title to TVood's "Historia et Antiquitates
Universitatis OLl:oniensis." A. D. Helllslls,. R. White.

CHARLES II. SiLl;' Latin verses, "Aspice quellz Re-
dllcenz Pietas,"
'c. a good portrait; no name of en-
graver.

CHARLES II. in an oval,. "Honi 80it qUt 'J1zal y
pense." Svo. style of Hollar.
CHARLES II. several good portraits in

i}}lon"s "1J;Ie

dals /' . 4to.

c.

CA UOLUS Secundus; in an oval of laurel; 'lllolto,
rose and thistle; engraved by R. White, 'lvhen a youth;
4to.

CAROLUS IT. R. White sc. ?vlzole leng.th; frontispiece
to Pitt's "Atlas,." large h. she
CAROLUS II. R. }Vhite sc. three prints, in Svo. oval.
CAROLUS II. VandrebaJlc* sc. garter robes; la'rgesh.
CHARLES II. TV: Sher'lvin sc. 'll)hole lcng.th; h. sh.
CA ROLUS II. Sher
vin sc. laurel chaplet,. 4to.

· Sometjme

pelt Vandcrbank.

116 BIOGRAPIIICAL HISTORY

CHARLES II. R. Nason pin..l'. R. Cooper sc.
CAROLUS II. Sherwin f. 1669; large sheet; mezz.
CAROLUS II. Van Hove sc. 8vo.

CHARLES II. in arnzour; in his right hand is a
sword; his left points to a celestial cro'wn, inscribed
H Carolus ad CaroluT/z;" various enzble1Jzs. Van Hove sc.
8vo.

CAROLUS II. hat and feather. P. S. etccud. 4to.
CHARLES II. sitting. E. Ie Davis sc. The face was
afterward erased, and that of Kinp; Williarn inserted.
CAROLUS II. sold by Becket; 4to. mezz.
CAROLUS II. J. S. (SJnith)j. E. Cooper e..1:'c. whole
leng,th,. 4to. 'J7zezz.
CAROLUS II. &c. R. Cole f. h. sit. nzezz. Th is print,
which was eng1
aved by Sir Ralph Cole, is very scarce:
so is the following.
CHARLES II. Francis Placej. mez'z.*
CAROLUS II. Edward Rixonf. h. she 'lJlezz.

CARO,LUS II. ovalfra'l1ze,. above, "Fidei Defensor;"
below, " Dieu et Mon Droit."

CAROLUS II. holding a sceptre in his 1
l'ght hand,. on
a table are three crowns; 4to.
CAROLUS II. a head in aflarninp; heart, on which rest
three crowns.

· l\Ientioned in Vertue's 1\15.

OF ENGLAND.

117

CHARLES II. inscribed, "God save the King ;" 4to.
CHARLES II. sitting in a chair of state; collar of
tIle Garter,
'c.
CAROLUS II. Gonzales Cocques p. Q. Boelf. aqua
forti, h. she
CAROLUS II. Willenzsen f. oval,. siJ,' English verses.
CAUOLUS II. Willetllsenf. in armour,. h. she
CAROLUS II. Phil. a Gunst sc. oval,. foliag'c" large
/2. she

CAROLUS STUART II. ](oninck van Eng'land, 8;/c. 4to.
CAROLUS II. &c. "is statue in the Royal Exchange.
Gibbons fecit. P. Vall{lrebanc sc. large sheet. *
CAROLUS II. &c. on horseback; sold by Garr'et.; h. slz.
CAROLUS II. &c. on horseback. A.deBlois sc. h.sh.

CHARLES II. on /lorsehack,. by N. Visscher; 4to.
CHARLES II. and his Queen; whole leng,ths; stand-
ing,. the arrns of Great Britain betwi,,'l't thenz,. oblong
h. she Stent.

CHARLES II. and his Queen; two plates, by Vertue;
head-pieces in the quarto edition of Waller's Works.
CAROLUS et CATHARINA. Frederick Hendrick pan
Hove sc. ornaJnents: larg'e she

· Gibbons is said to have had " an exclusive licence for the sole printing or this
statue, and prohibiting all persons to engrave it without his leave."-" Anecdotes-
or Painting," &c. iii. p. 84, notcs.

118 BIOGRAPIIICAL HISTORY

CHARLES II. and his Queen; the Duke of York,
the Prince of Orange, Prince Rupert, the Duke of
l\Ionmouth, and General Monk. J. Clark sc.

HISTORICAL PIECES.

CHARLES II. and his Queen, sitting'; the arch-
bishop of Canterbury and the clergy presenting' an ad-
dress; lords and ladies of the court.

CHARLES II. with his Queen,joining. hands; a sheet;
Van Heven; scal"ce.

CHA RLES II. 1
eceiving the first pine-apple culti-
vated ill England, þ"onl, Rose the gardener, at 'Daw-
ncy COllrt, Bucks, the seat of the Dutchess of Cleveland.
R.Grave sc.

CHARLES II. sitting ill a chair of state,. Archbishop
Sancroft and F. Lord Guildforc! standing hy him.

F'. Before (;l1allzberlayne's "Present State;" 8vo.

CHA RLES II. "A Ra-ree Sholve;" the king is re-
presented blowing bubbles, with a box at his back,
and going up a bridge, " lJ T est-1vard Hoy," attended
by three persons, one with a mace, (qfficers to botli,
Iiollses.)-The king is again represented ,vith a show-
box at his back; half \ray up his legs in mire; three
persons pushing hitn back; and putting the lords
and comn10ns into the sho\\"-box, transformed into
popes or bishops. The king has t\VO faces, repre-
senting the Protestant religion and popery_ The
dresses covered with female faces; to the right,
a vic,v of Oxford, and Louse lIal1. .11. l
arc. Cll-

OF ENGLAND.

119

ribus -and rare, supposed to be published by Stephen
Colleg'e. The printer was fined 500l. for publishing it.
CHARLES II. in a 8heet of letter-press, inscribed
" The 1Jzanner of his JJlqjesty's caring' the Disease called
the King"s Evil." F. H. Van Hove sculp. London,
printed for Dorman New'ìlzan; scarce.
CHARLES II. and his Queen;receiving Og'ilhy's hook
of subscriptions for his " Survey of the Roads /' 4to.
CHARLES II. on his throne, presenting a charter or
instrll1Jzent to the university of OLl:ford. Before 1Vood's
"Historia et Antiquitates Universitatis OLl'oniensis ;"
. fol. 1674.
. CHARLES II. attended hy several of the nobility,
clergy,
c. and Willianz Prynne pl'.esentÙzg' a book to
hint. Frontispièce to the first volunze of his" Records,"
in folio, she
CHARLES II. on his tlzrone; Arcllbishop 5'heldon on
his rig'ht hand, and Lord Clarendon on his left; General

Ionk in an oval belo1v. Log'g'an sc. 4to.
CHARLES II. leaning his hand on A1'"cltbis/zop Shel-
don,. a sllzall head of General JJIonlL at the bottoln.
Logg"Cln sc. Befol
e R. Atkyn's "Orig'Ùt and Growth of
Printing."
CHARLES II. sitting' in a chair of
.tate; ...1rchbislzop
Sheldoll and the Earl of S1iaftesbury st{llzding' by hi1n.
W. F. ( Faith orne ) f. Before several of the early editions
of ChaJJzberlayne's " P re8ent S1 tate of England;" I 211l0.
CHARLES II. 'lvitlt ]JIrs. Lane, on horsebaclc; l'rIr.
Lascelles riding before; fOln- vérses; an etching'.

120 BIOGRAPIIICAL HISTORY

CHARLES II. on Ilis throne, touching for the evil;
to Bro1cne's "CharisJ1za Basilicon," 1634; 8vo. R.
JV hile.

CHARLES II. taking' !tis departure from &heveling;
IÛs portrait above, supported by angels. P.ll. Schut.
ClI....' IlLES II. holding his coltrt, at the ]laBïle,. several
hy P. Phil/ipe,
'c.
CIIAHLES II. in council, giving orders for burning.
the Dutchfleet,. the Cl-own falling'from his head; LOll-
{lOll in jla1Jzes, Bj'c. very rare.
CHARLES II. crouJned 23d April, 1661, with the
Duke and Dutchess of York, the Lord-chancellor, Duke
of Albeuzarle, Archbishop of Cantel'Obury and Yorlc,
Bishops of London, 1 r' inch ester, E..reter, and Norwich;
obloJ7/5' ð'hcet,. E. Smitlifield; very 1'are.
CHARLES II. and Donna Catharinæ Queen; 'lvhole
length; siug;ularly habited,. sold by .lJ;lattlzew Collins, in
COllnOll-Sl1.eel; folio,. scarce.
CHARLES II. and his Queen Catharine, in their
robes: the King is receiving 'lvitlt 'lis right hand a
wreath of flowers fro1Jz t!te Queen; Fanic blowing her'
truuzpet; crOUJn and g'lohe on a table. P. TVillia1Jlscn delin.
et sClllp. 16G2; 1'Oare. III the collection of A. H.5 f utlzer'-
land, esq.
Charles II. though a genius, acted in direct opposition to every
principle of sound policy; and, in appearance, without propensity
to tyranny, luade no scruple of embracing such measures as were
destructive to the civil and religious liberties of his people. He
chose rather to be a pensioner to France, than the arbiter of Eu..
rope; and to sacrifice the independence of his kingdom, and the
bappiness of his subjects, than to remit his attachment to indolence
and pleasure. He, under the yeil of openness and candour, con..

OF ENGLAN 1).

- 121

cealed the deepest and most dangerous dissimulation. Though he
was a slave to love, he appears to 11ave been an entire stranger to
the softer sentiments of pity and compassion. He was gay, affable,
and polite; and knew how to win the hearts, when he could no
longer gain the esteem of mankind. He was so accustomed, for
his own ease, to divest himself of his grandeur, that he seemed to
have forgot what ?eJonged to his dignity as a king.

Donna CATHARIN A., sister to Don Alfonso, pre-
sent king of Portugal; tah'en ji-oJlz the ol"ig'inal as it
'ivas presented to Don Francisco de
lIello, anlhassador
of Portug'al in London. R. GaY'lvood f. 4to.
_, Donna CATHAR1N.A, daughter of John IV. king of
Portugal; her hand on a crown; It. she
"Donna CATHARINA, daughter of John IV. P. Wil-
lianlscnf. Stent eL
'c. h. slz.
Donna CATlIAHINA, &c. Hollar f. 4to.
Donna CA THARIX A, Infanta, regina, &c. VtlJl Hove

sc. 8vo.

Donna CATHARINA, sereniss. Infanta, &c. ll. sll.
. CATHÅRTXA, &c
daughter to John IV. D. aPlaats
p. A. de Bois
'c. h. she
CA THARI!\ A, &c. D. a Plaats p. A. de Bois sc. larg"e
h. sh.

CA1'HARIN A, &c. Faitlzorne.sc. III the dress ill which
she ai-rived. Her hair is fOrJJlally curled lih
e a peruke;
Ìler g;oWJi blaclc,
l)ith slashed sleeves,. point handkerchief
and ruffies, an alnple farthingale, u;ith laced pettic
ats

gloves in her left hand,. 1L. sit.
CATHA RIN A, &c. Overton, ] 662; large It. sit.
VOL. IV. R

122 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY

CATHARINA, &c. Lely p. Becketf. 4to. mezz.
CATHARINA, &c. Lely p. Blooteling f. h. sli.
CATHARINA, &c. Lely p. Blooteling f. ]680; li. she

'Inezz.

KATHARI N E, queen, &c. drawn in the character of
St. Catharine, with her wheel. J. Huysman* p. TOnlSOJl
e.l'c. whole length; sh. 'Illezz.
CATHARINA; in an oval, 1'tichly ornal1lented; four
Eng'lish verses,. sold by ]l([atthew Collins,

c. scarce.
CA THARINE. Sherwin f. large sheet, llzez.z. oval;
dedicated to Pl'ince Rupert; scarce.
CATHARINE; in the dress in which she Cfllne from
Pot'tugal; arms of Portugal at bottom. Loggan Be. very
rare.

CATHARINA, &c. J. HUYS1Jlan p. W. Shc1'"'lvin s_c.
in the character of St. Catharine; whole length; sl1.-
There is a portrait of her in this character at Gor-
hambury.
KATHARINE, &c. Wissing p. SnlÌth f. f.vhole lellgth;
lal'g'e h, ð'h.
CATHARINA, &c. J. Bapt. Caspars p. E.le Davis
sc. 1.vhole leng.th,. large h. she Before Pitt's " Atlas."

CATH.ARINA, &c. Peter Willianlsenf. large h. sll.
KATHARINE, &c. G. Glover f. whole length,. 4to.
CATHARIN A, &c. Sher'lvin sc. oval; 4to.

· Sometimes spell Hu,ysman, and Hotlsman.

OF ENGLAND. ]23

I- . CA'fHARINA, &c. Sherwinf. h. she mezz.

CATHARINA, &c. in an oval foliage. J. Galnmon sc.
n. sh.

CA THARIN A, &c. ernzlncd l'obe; collar of diaJJlonds;
C1"o
'S and peal'"l; very larg'e sit.

CATHARINE, consort of Charles II. peal'Zs aóout her
stays; crown, /!sc.
CATHARINA, &c. Coenraet (Conl
ad) Waumans sc.
Jl;Iartinus Vanden Enden e..t'c. 4to.

CATHARINA, &c. A. LOllZ1Jzelin sc. large h. she
CA THARIN A, &c. Arnold de Jode sc. h. slz.

The manners of this princess, especially at her first appearance
at court, retained a strong tincture of the- convent; and were but ill
formed to please, much less to reclaim, the polite and dissolute
Charles. She at first rejected the English dress, and the attend-
ance of English ladies; and chose to appear in the formal habit of
her own country, and be attended by her duennas, whose persons
were the scorn and the jest of every courtier. She, for some time,
carried herself towards the royal mistress with all the disdain which
she thought became her dignity and virtue: but when she saw that
the king was resolved to retain her, she suddenly Cell into the other
extreme, and treated her with such excessive affability and conde-
scension, as lOi)t the little esteem he had for her. The first years

of her marriage were rendered unhappy by almost every passion
that could disturb a female mind. At length, every spark of con-
jugal affection seemed to be extinguished, and she sunk into all the
tranquillity of indifference. See the next reign.

HENRIETTA MARIA, queen-mother; four
Fl'Oench verses.

HENRIETTA MARIA, late queen; black veil; 121110.

124

BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY

The queen-mother returned to England in 1660, after an absence
of about nineteen years. She declared, upon her re-entering So-
merset-house, " That if she had known the temper of the English
some years past, as well as she did then, she had never been obliged
to leave that house." She exerted herself with her usual vehe-
mence against the luarriage of the Duke of York with Anne Hyde,
which she was determined to prevent or annul. Slfe also expressed.
the strongest dislike to those ministers who had the greatest share
of the royal confidence and favour. On a sudden she appeared to
be reconciled to the match, and to acquiesce in the ministry. This
was imputed to
soothing, or, to speak more properly, an inti-
midating letter, sent her by Cardinall\Iazarine. Upon the breaking
out of the pl
gue, in 1665, she retired to France, where she died
in August, 1669, in the 60th year of her age.*' It appears from
Sir John Reresby's " Memoirs," that she was secretly married to
Henry Jermyn, ear] of St. Alban's.

J AlVIES, duke of York. LeZy p, T07JlpSOn e.rc. lJl
ar1JIOllr,. h. sh. l11ezz.

J A1\IES, duke of York. Lely p. BrouJlle: ill arlJlOIl1-,
1
e8ting his truJlcheon Oil the 1710ulh of a ca1lJìOJl.

JACOBUS, dux Eboracensis, &c. LeZy p. Blooleling'f.
oval; larg'e as the life,. ltLJ
'c sh. 'lJlCZ'Z.

J A 1\1 ES, duke of York, &c. Lely p. G. Valcle f. 4to.

1nez.Z.

J A 1\1 E8, duke of York. S. Cooper p. R. TVillianls f.
8vo. 17zezz.

.. The funeral oration, at her interment in the church of St. Denis, was spoken
by father Senault, who, in this òiscourse, imputed the troubles of Charles to his
infidelity, which gave such offence to Sir Leoline Jenkins, then ambassador in
Francc, that hc, on this occasion, expostulated with Senault, who alleged in his ex-
cUSP-. tÌJat lie used this word as Jess c1lOquallt than heresy. t

t See a curious letter on this subject, in the " Letters of Sir Leoline Jenkins,"
p. 610.

OF ENGLAND.

125

...J A.1\IES, duke of York, in ar-l1ZDi!]'; ships at sea;
Kllellel'o p. Snl;tll f. (1697);. h. she '1J)ithout the dllke

nanze.
It is commonly called J A;IES II. but there is great reason to' be-
lieve that the original portrait was painted in this reign, when he
was lord high-adn1iral. . As the plate' was by some accident iost,
the prints became extremely scarce in Smith's lifetime, who offered
a guinea apiece for as many as could be procured for him.

J A1\IES, duke ofY ork; a snzall whole length, in llis
robes. (]{nelle1" p.) SnÛtlt f.
Anotller s17zall whole length hy Snzith, with SOl11e varia-
tion. Pabnel'" e.l'C. small h. she llzezz.

J A)IES, duke of. Y o
k and Albany, in full 4ress,
holding a truncheon; sea-jìght in the distance; JV: Sher-
.

WlJZ,. rare.

J A 1\1 ES, \vhen young; truncheon in his left hand, his
1 0 iglzt on a helnlet; H. Idenzan,. s1Jlatl sheet. .
JACOBUS, dux Ebor ; in an octag;on; T. van
ferlin;
4to.

JAl\IES, duke ofY ork; whole lellg,th. ,John Baptiste;
W. Shel"wÙi sc.

Der Hertrog yon Jorck, &c. in ormollr,. in an oval;
H. Cause.

J A1\lES ; s1Jiall whole length, 'lvlzen young; born 1633.
Sold by Tho1JlaS Jenner; rare.
N. B. This was afterward altered to Princess AJl}
e.

· The date of the engraving this print, anrl many others by S
ith, is taken from
a manuscript lent me by the latc 1\[r. 1\Tac Ardell, the cngraver, who told me that
it \Vas a coPy from a li
t of the works of that artist, written by himseJfo

126 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY

JAl\IES, duke of York, wherl young, pla}jinp; at ten-
nis; Meriall.

J Al\IES, duke of York, &c. W. Richardsom.
JAl\IES, duke of York, 1684. Kneller; J. Vèrkollie;
altered when king.
J Al\lES, duke of York; conznzander of this most noble
society of the artillery men, in arnzour. w:. Vaughan sc.
scarce,. la1.g'e 4to.
J Al\'IES, duke of York, in arnlDur, in a horder of
laurel.

c' England doth boast thy birth and riper yeares,
But France and Flanders speak the rest with teares." -I. H.
larg'e 4to. scarce.

J Al\IES, duke of York. S. Luttichuys pillX. R. Cooper
sc.

JACOBUS, &c. supremus dominus admirallius.
Simon Lltttichuys ( Lutwich) p. Van Dalen,jun. sc. large
h. she

JAl\IES, duke of York. S. Cooper p. R. Willíanzsf.
h. she 'Jllezz.

JACOBUS, dux Eboracensis. D. Loggan sc. Before
Pitt's "Atlas;" whole leng:th; larg'e h. sll.
JACOBUS, dux Eboraci; his right hand on his
hreast. R. White sc. sh. This was altered when he
was king.
J
"-COBUS, dux Eboraci. Jal1zes Ga'J1l11l0n sc. a larO"e
,0
ova l.

OF ENGLAN D.

127

. JACOBUS, dux Ebor. In tlte robes of tIle Garter.
R. White sc. h. tJ'h.

JAl\IES, duke of York; larg;e as tile life; in an oval
offloloers. E. Ie Davies sc. large sit.
'JA
IEs, duke of York. M. Merian sc.

J A
IES, duke of York; oval; l/l arnzour; a1 e ms,
"c.
at the four corners; slnall 4to.
J A 1\IES, duke ofY ork, with Anne Hyde, bis dutchess;
[tOO bead-pieces; a representa
ion of a sea-jig;ht in both.
Vertue sc.

There is a portrait of James, duke of York, with his dutchess, by
Lely, at the Queen's House.
TM Duke of York, though he had a quick relish for pleasure,
followed business with that closeness of application which the' king
his brother wanted; and wanted himself that quickness of appre-
hension, that natural sagacity and apparent benevolence of temper,
which was so conspicuous in the king. His notions of governm
nt
were as erroneous as those of his father and grandfather; and the
]arge steps which his brother took towards arbitrary power, were in
a great measure owing to his instigation. He was, what rarely
happens, revengeful and valiant almost in the same degree; and
displayed such courage in the first Dutch war, as rendered hinI
more popular than all the other acts of his life. His bigotry to the
Roman Catholic religion" which was still increasing with his years,
had. the strongest influence upon his conduct; and at lengtb
prompted him to such measures as were condemned by the sober
al\d judicious of all religions. .

ANNE HYDE, dutchess ofY ork. P. Lely p. LOJll-
bart sc. four French verses,. " Telle est la c/iarJ7ulJde
Duchesse,"

c.
There is a copy of this head in a latter edition of the translation
of St. Evremond's works. It is inscribed, " The Dutchess of Ma-
zarine:'

]28 BIOGRAPIIICAL HISTORY

. ,
ANNE, dutchess of York. SnÛthf.
'fold by Palmer;
srllall h. s Iz .
A N
E HYDE, &c. Vander Werff p. Siln'/nollealt 8C.
h. slz.
ANNE HYDE, dutchess of York; '171ezz. Lely; R.
Tho17ZPSOlt.
ANNE HYDE, &c. 'Inez.'::. Wissing,. Williams.
ANNE HYDE, &c. Lely,. J. L. (}laessolls" 1793. In
Ha'l
diJ1p/
' " Gralll1710nt.'"
ANN.E HYDE, &c. UZ Richardson.
ANNE HYDE, &c. Fl"OJ}l a drawing' ill tlte .collection
of A. H.
i.dhe1"laJld, esq. in the "Þtoble Authors," by
Par/to.
r'\NNE HYDE, dutchess of York. J. S. Ag'al'" sc.
1815 ; frolll the orig'inal of Sir P. LeZ1J
iu the collèc

tion of tlte Right HOJlOll rablc the Earl of ()larelldol1 ,.
in Lodg'C'ð' " Illustrious Port'/'Oaits."
ANNE, dntchess of York. Stent ea'c. h. slz.
ANNE, dutchess of York. Stent
. 4to.

Her portrait, by Lely, which was once the property of her father,
is now at Alnesbury.
Anne, dutchess of Yark, was the elder of the two daughters of
the Lord-chancellor Clarendon.. She possessed, together with a

· It ìs said that Lord Clarendon's wife was a woman of low condition, who
walked to London from Trowbridge, in Wilts, and place,j herself in the service of a
brewer. who man'ied her and left her a large fortune. On his death she consulted
Lord Clarendon (then l\1r. Hyde, an attorney) as to her affairs; and he married
her, and by her had two daughters. The elder, Anne Hyde, was dutchess of York,
wife of James II. by whom she had two daughters, Queens l\Iary and Anne. In
the bouse, where she resided at Trowbridge, is a crown carved in wood, over one of
the doors.-Bnun,EY.

OF EN G I.J.A N D.

129

large portion of her fatller's understanding, the beauty and accom-
plishments of her own sex in an extraordinary degree. She had
a dignity in her bebaviour, which was by some, who regarded her
as Anne Hyde, rather than the dutchess of York, mistaken for
haughtiness. She sometimes amused herself with writing, and
made a considerable progress in the Life of the duke her husband,
which she shewed to Dr. Burnet in manuscript; but the work was
never finished. Her misconduct before she was dutchess of York
was amply atoned for by her conduct afterward. Ob. 31 March,
1671.

MARIA, ducissa Eboracensis. LeZy p. Browne;
/z. sh. 111ez.z.

MA RIA B EA TRIX, &c. Lely p. Blooleliug J. h. sll.
'JJlezz.

The Dutchess of YORK. Wissing p. R. Willia1nsf.
/z. sh. 'I1zezz.

MARIA BEATRIX, &c. P. VandJ'lebanc sC. large
h. slz.
MARY of Este, dutchess of York. R. White sc.
whole leng'th.

MARY of Este, &c. R. WILÏte sc. Beforc "TIle
History of the House of Este," 1681; 8vo.
The Dutchess ofY ORK. Snzltlzf. 'lv/zole leng,th; h. she
rnezz.

MARY, dutchess of York. P. Sclzenckf. 1nezz. 4to.
MARIA, dutchess of York; flowers in each hand.

There is a head of her, together with tbe duke 9 s, in Lord Lans-
down's "Poems," 4to. 1732. It was engraved by G. Vander-
gucht. See the reign of J A 1\1 ES II.
YOLo IV. S

]30 BIOGRA PHICAL II 1ST OR Y
The LADY ISABELLA, daughter of James, duke-
ofY ork, and Mary his dutchess; a child, 'lvit/i a chap-
let of flo-zcers on her head, and her left hand Oll the fore-
l,ead of a lal1zb; h. she 1Jzezz. Lely,. A. Browne.

LADY ISABELLA; with a dove; 1nez'z. LeZy; E.
Cooper.
LADY ISABELLA, and Ann Hyde; 1nezz. P. Lely';
A. Browne.

Isabella, second daughter of James, by Mary of Este, was born
the 28th of August, 1676. She died the 2d of March, 1680.

HENRICUS, dux Glocestriæ. Luttichuys (Lllt-
wieh) p. C. van Dalen, junior, se. ltu'ge h. she
. HE
RICUS, dux Glocestriæ, &c. Æt. 20. Lut-
tiehuys p. oval
. 1211lo.
HENRICUS, dux Gloucestriæ, &c. Filius tertius
genitus regis Caroli primi. G. White sc.
HENRICUS, dux, &c. in the (robes of the Garter;
whole length; h. she
HENRY, duke of Gloucester. R. White sc.
vhole
leng,th.
HEKHY, duke of Gloucester. S. LuttichllYS pin/c.
R. Cooper sc.
HENRY, duke of Gloucester; (Hollar) 8vo.

HENRY, duke of Gloucester, standing; at a table,
'lvitli his sister JJIaria, P. Dowage1" of Orang'e,' s77zall
whole length, a deatlt's head on the table; A 11.( ertoells.)
A short viel() of tILe Lives,
'c. 166 I; 12JJ10.

o FEN G L.A N D.

131

HEKRY, duke of Gloucester; a boy's head, inscribed
'" The Effig'ies,"
"c. spiritedly etched,. 110 'J1anze of artist,
but probably Streete'rs.
HENRY, duke of Gloucester. Vertlle sc. 1736; li.slz.
This belongs to the set of ](illgs.
TheJ'e is an oval half-sheet print of Prince Rupert,
in arJ710Ur, fronz a retouched and altered plate, witlt
Stent's nal1le on it, thus inscribed: "The Effigies of the
lzig;/z-borne Prince Henry, duke of Glollcester,"
c.
There is a portrait of hhn in the Ashmolean Museum.
The Duke of Gloucester was a young prince of great hopes, who
possessed alm05t all the good qualities of his two brothers, without
any of their bad ones. The king had an extraordinary love and
esteem for him, the effect of his virtues and amiable deportment;
and was observed to be more deeply affected at his death, than
with any calamity that had ever befallen him. Ob. 13 Sept. 1660,
Æt. 20-21. See the reign of CHARLES I.
The heads of the following princes and princesses are placed
aècording to their heirship to the crown.

MARIA, IJrinceps Auriaca. Lely p. Blooteling f.
h. sh. 'lnezz.

The Princess of ORANGE. LeZy }). R. T07npson e
l'c.
h.. slz. 1Jlez'z.

The Princess of ORANGE. LeZY}J. Printed for E.
C 1 ooper,. h. sh. 'Jnezz.
The Princess of ORANGE. Lelg p. E. ie Davis sc.
MARIA, princess van ORANGE. Lely p. G. Valclt'f.
1678.

, The Lady Mary was so far from being corrupted by a dissolute
court, and a licentious age, that she maintained throughout her life

132 BIOGRAPHICAL IIISTOR Y

tbe most unaffected piety and virtue. She was married, in this
reign, to the Prince of Orange; and made the most exemplary wife
to a man, who, when a hero in the bloom of youth, had scarce a
single quality to recommend him to the female sex.

The LADY ANNE. LeZy p. TOllzpson e..vc. h. she
mezz.

The royal Princess ANNE, married to Prince George
of Denmark. Nic. Visscller e..vc. large h. she See Noble's
" Continuation," vol. I. p. 17.

MARY, princess of Orange, eldest daughter of
Charles I. Hannenzan p. 1660. Faithorne, junior,j.
h. she 'J7zezz. See the reign of CHARLES I.
The Prince of ORANGE. Lely p. E. ie Davis sc.
The Prince of ORA NG E. LeZy p. sold by BrO'lDJle;
h. s Iz. '/71ez'z.

The Prince of ORANGE. Lely p. TOl1ZpSOll e..l'c. h. sit.
1Jlezz.

GULIELl\IUS HENRICUS, &c. LeZy p. Blooteling f.
1678; h. slz. nzezz.
GULIEL:I\IUS HENRICUS, &c. LeZy p. Blvotcling f.
1678; larg'e h. she
GULIEL:I\lUS HENRICUS, &c. Lely 1J. G. Valelc sc.
1nezz. larg'e h. she

The Prince of ORANGE, young, 212 arrnour. Becket
e..

c. rllezz.

WILLIA
I, prInce of Orange; sold by R. Peake;
h.sh.

OF ENGLAND.

133

GUILLAUl\IE HENRY, prince d'Orange. Ragueneau
p. P. Philippe sc. slz.
The Prince of ORANGE. C. van Dalen sc. h. sIt.
GUILLAUl\IE HENRI, princed.Orange. J. Verkolie* f.
sh. mezz.
GULIEL1\IUS N ASSA VIUS, &c. oval; hat andfeather;
smal14to.
W ILHEL1\IUS HENRICUS, &c. P. Bouttats sc. large
h. sh.
WI LHELl\IUS III. prince van Orange, on horseback;
the nanze of the horse, 'lvhich is adorned with 'ribands
,'"eaches to the g1'"ound
. curious.
GULIELl\IUS, prince d'Orange; half sheet; G. Valck
.
altered when king.
GULIEL1\IUS, prince d'Orange, on horseback; P.
Janse; I-I. Rokes; scarce.
GULIEL!\IUS, prince, &c. in an octagon; Van lJ:lerlin.
GULIELl\IUS, prince, &c. in armour, crowned UJitlz
laurel,. Jas. Allard, 1660; fol.
GULIELl\IUS, prince, in his cradle. See Princess
Mary, Class I. in the reign of CHARLES I.
WILHELl\IUS a NASSAU, &c. HOLDING SEVEN
DARTS, in the same 'J7zaJlJler as they are held IN THE
PA'V OF THE LION, ill the arJJlS of tIle ð'even United
Provinces,. 4to.
There is a portrait of him, by Netscher, in his own hair, at
Bulstrode.

· Or Verkolje.

134 HIO G RAPII I CA L II I S TO R Y

'Vhen Lewis XIV. invaded the United Provinces, the whole
people were seized with such terror, as nothing but the immediate
dread of the horrible inundations to which those countries are sub-
ject, could equal. Then it was that the young Prince of Orange
formed a resolution, which seemed to be the effect of despair itself,
to deliver his country, or perish in the attempt. He soon gave vi-
gour and dispatch to the councils of the States, infused a military
spirit into their raw and undisciplined troops, and not only checked
the rapid progress of Lewis, but ravished from his hands the towns
he so perfidiously had taken. The most unjust, as well as the nlo
t
trivial actions of this vainest of all princes, are committèd to sculp-
ture ; * and even his courage has been immortalized. There is a
print by Edelinck, after Ie Brun, which represents hirn on horse-
back; and just under his horse's feet is a figure partly man and
partly frog, holding the darts of the Seven Provinces. But we
know that the courage of the young stadtholder of these provinces
was as much superior to that of Lewis XIV. as the spirit of a lion is
superior to that of a frug.

The Prince and Princess of OR AN G E; whole ICJ7f3,ths,
with tlVO p;cntle17zen and fOllr young' ladies of" their COlirt
in waiting; oblong' h. she very rare.

The PRINCESS HENRIETTA. P. JVilli{I1Jlsen sc.
1061; h. slz.

HENRIETTE d'Angleterre, duchesse d"Orleans; a
larlJ'e slzeet.
MADAl\IE HENRIETTE ANNE,t princesse de la
Grande Bretagne. C.
I. (Claud Alellan) sc. a bust;
4to.

HENRIETTE ANNE, &c. copiedJronz the above. Vander

.. See the prints engraved and printed at the Louvre, particularJy the volume of
medals.
t She \'r as named JIcmieHa l\1aria, after her mother. See the Ie DiogrR pllia,"
r. 205ú.

OF ENGLAND.

]35

JVerif p. (tlefin.) J. Audrall SC.
" Hi
.tory;" fol.
I-IENRIETTE, &c. N. de L'Armessill sc. larg'e ll.sli.

In lJIOllS. Larre.!J's

.

HENRIETTA MARIA, dutchess of Orleans. Platt
'c.
In Harding's "British Cabinet."
HENRIETT A, &c. in an oval,. L. Boisse,. 4 to.

HENRIETTA, &c. R. Peake.
HENRIETTA, &c. Des Roclzel"s,. 8vo.
HENRIETTA, &c. Æt. 17; octagon,' 4to.
HENRIETTE d'Angleterre, duchesse d'Orleans,
Eponsée Ie 13 Mars, 1661, &c. in an octng'on; 4to.
stap; hunt to the left; scarce,. quære if the SaJJle as 1JleJl-
tioned in the neLrt above,. 4to.

There is a portrait of her at Dunhanl, the seat of the Earl of
Stamford, by Largilliere. There is another at Amesbury; and a
third, by Petitot, at Strawberry-hill.
Henrietta Maria was the youngest daughter of Char1es I. and
wife to Philip, duke of Orleans, only brother of Lewis XIV. She
was a woman of uncommon sense and vivacity, and in readiness of
wit superior to the king her brother. She is said to have attracted
the particular notice of Lewis, at the time that he extended his
conquests over the ladies of his. court, with as much rapidity as his
generals did over the Spanish territories in the Netherlands. * She
came over to England to attach her brother to the French interest;
and concluded a private treaty with him against the Dutch, which
was much more for the advantage of Lewis than of Charles, but
equally to the dishonour of both. The duke her husband was cer-
tainly jealous of her, and even suspected that too great familiarities

· Bishop Burnet tells us, that Lewis's courtship of l\Iadarne was Ie only a pre-
tence to cover his addresses to :Mademoiselle La VaHere, one of her maids of ho-
nour; whom lIe afterward declared openly to be his mistress, and who is welJ
known to han> loved him for his own saIH
."

136 BIOGRAPIIICAL IIISTORY

had passed betwixt her and his brother. lIe is said to have call.sed
ller to be poisoned soon after her return to France.. Ob. 30 June,
1670, Æt. circ. 25.

PRINC,E RUPERT. Lelg p. Tornpson eLrc. robes of
tile Garter,. h. she me.z;z.
RUPERTUS, &c. totius Angliæ vice-admirallus.
Lely p. Blooteling eLt'C. 1673; slz. This is the 1JlOSt cha-
racteristic and valuable print of Rupert.
PRINCE RUPERT. Lely p. Vanso17zer f. 'JJle.ZZ. This
print, 'lDhich is 'lnentioned in Vertue's rnanuscript, is pro-
hably the $alne that has on it " TOl11son eLvclldit," 'lvhich
is in VOnS01JlCl""S '1nanner.

PRINCE RUPERT, &c. S. Cooper p. etched by Bre-
.tlzerton. The cng'raver gained r7111Ch credit by this print.
PRINCE RUPERT &c. vice-admiral, &c. ](Jlellcr p.
R. Wlzite sc. large h. sh.
PRINCE RUPERT, &c. Faithorne SC. 11. slz.
RUPERTUS, Princeps, &c. in arJJlOlll'"; standinp; by
the sea. His left hand is on a fe17zale head, adorned 'lDitlt
pearls; h. sl1.
Prince Rupert, who was a man of harsh features, a grE
at hu-
morist, and of litt]e elegance in his manners or his dress, was but
indifferently qualified to shine in the court of Charles the Second.
He made a much better figure in his laboratory, or at the head of

. See Burnet,!. p.301. Ludlow, III. p. 227. She declared to tIle duke her
Imsband, a little before she expired, " that she was the willinger to die, because
her conscience upbraided her with nothing ill in her conduct towards him." -Fenton's
II Observations on \\T aller's Poem to the Dutchess of Orleans."
In the" Gentleman's l\Iagazine," for July, 1773, p. 324, 32.5, is a ,'ery remark-
able letter, concerning tile death of that princess; but it seems not to be sufficiently
8 n then ticatcd.

OF ENGI...AND.

137

t11e fleet; in which station he was equal, in courage at least, to any
of the sea-officers of this reign. He particularly distingùished himself
in that memorable engagement in the second Dutch war, in which
the brave Earl of Ossory commanded under him. He died at his
house in Spring-gardens, the 29th of Nov. 1682, aged 63. His
jewels were valued at 20,0001. and among them was a pearl valued
at no less than 80001. See the preceding reign; see also Class VII.
and X. in the present

The Prince of HANOVER; in ar1JlOllr,. battle at a
distance; h. sll. 'JJzezz.

George Lewis, duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg, as we are
informed by Mr. 'Vood, came into England in 1680, to pay his
7'espccts to the Lady Anne, daughter of the Duke of York. He was
then created doctor of law, with great solemnity, at Oxford.*' The
manner of engraving evidently shews that the print was done about
this time. It has been mistaken for the portrait of his son, after-
ward George II. and the battle for that of Oudenarde.

The PRINCE, consort to the Princess ANNE.

PRINCE GEORGE, &c. brother to the King of
Denmark. Printed on the river Thal1zes, 1683.

,
GEORGE, prince of Denmark; two prints, one a larg'e
/J'lLeet. P. Vandrebanc sc.t See the following reign.

.. H Fasti Oxon." ii. col. 216.
f The match between Prince George and one of t1le daughters of tllc Duke of
York, seems to have hecn long in view, as may be presumed from some particu-
lärs in the Earl of Carlisle's speeches, addressed to l1Ïm in 1664, at thc court of
Dcnmark. See" Carlisle's three Embassies," p. 399. 423. The prince's mar-
riage with the Lady Anne was celebrated on the 28th of July, 1683. He shortly
after told the king, that he grew fat since he was married. The merry monarch rc-
plied, in his u
ual strain of pleasantry, " that if he would walk with him, hunt with
his brother, and do justice on his niece, he would not grow fat."-A 'Vood's
" Life," p. 328.

\-OL. IV.

T

11 Aug.
1673.

} 38 13 lOG RAP II I C A l., II 1ST 0 R \-

C LAS S II.

GREAT OFFICERS OI
STATE AND OF
THE HOUSEHOLD.

See the Lord Chancellors and Lords Keepers in the sixth Class.

'fHOMAS 'VRIOTHESIJ1:"', earl of Southampton,
(lord-treasurer.) In Clarendon's "History;" 8vo.
THO:\IAS 'VRIOTHESLY, earl of Southampton; 4to.
Gardiner.

THOl\IAS W RfOTHESLY, &c. In SÙnon's "Medals."
p. 29.

His portrait, together with that of his countess, by Vandyck, is
at Bulstrode.
The Earl of Southampton, like another Sully, was placed at the
head of the Treasury after the ravage and confusion of the civil
war. He, with the capacity and application of that able minister,
undertook to reduce the public accounts to regularity and order;
and happily succeeded in that great attempt. But the king, who
lmd not the least economy himself, was too apt to overlook that
virtue in others; and, what was still worse, was inclined to pull
down much faster than his treasurer could build up. This excel-
Íent person, who was loyal, and yet a patriot, died too soon for the
good of his country. He was a man of a quick and lively concep"
tion, prompt e1ocution, and invincible integrity. lIe was of an
mniable and exemplary character in domestic life; and, to say aU
in one word, was in his great office in the Treasury, what bis
friend the Lord Clarendon was in the high court of Chancery.
Ob. 10 May, 1667. Upon his decease, the Treasury was put into
commission, and the Duke of Albemarle was appointed first com..
miSSIOner.

OF ENGLAND.

139

TIIOMAS OSBORNE, earl of Danby, lord high-
treasurer, &c. Lely p. Blooleling f. h.
ll. scarce.
THOl\IAS OSBORNE, &c. W. Paithorne.
THO:MAS OSBORNE, duke of Leeds. R. While.

THOl\IAS OSBORNE, duke of Leeds; ill " Noble Au-
thors," by Park.
Sir Thomas Osborne, afterward earl of Danby and duke of Creat. earl
Leeds, succeeded Thomas, lord Clifford in the office of lord high- 2 p 6 Car t ' d Ire
. romo e
treasurer; whIch the latter resigned upon the passing of the Test 1673.
Act.* When he entered upon his employment, the Treasury was
totally exhausted, and the very name of a lord-treasurer was be-
come odious: and it required the utmost stretch of his abilities to
restore, in some degree, the public credit, and bring the revenue
into tolerable order. This he, by skilful management and great
industry, effected: but he was thought to be too much in the in-
terest of the court, to act with integrity in his high office. The Earl
of Shaftesbury, his capital enemy, caused hinl to be impeached in
parliament, with a view of extorting such secrets of state from him 167ß.
as might increase the popular odium against the court. He nlade
such a defence as was expected from his extraordinary talents, and
proved that what he had done was by the king's orders. He was
imprisoned till the year 1684, when he was released upon bail.
Upon the disgrace of the Earl of Danby, the Treasury was put
in commission; and Arthur Capel, earl of Essex, was appointed
first commissioner. See CAPEL in the" Biographia."

JOHN, earl of Radnor, &c. lord privy-seal. ](nel-
ler p. ll. While e.t'c. 171ezz. large h. she scarce.
JOHN, earl of I-tadnor; small 4to. JJZ N. Gardiner.
John, lord Roberts, who commanded a regiment under the Earl
of Essex in the civil war, was a leading man in the councils of

Promoted
1661.

· It is well known that Sir Thomas Clifford was rewarded with the treasurer's
staff, and afterward with a peerage, for advising the king to the infamous expedient
of shutting up the Exchequer, of which he received the hiut frum the :Earl of Shaftes-
Lury.

1669.

Created

3 July,
1679.

140 BIOGRAPIIICAL HISTORY

the patriotic j unto, and had afterward a principal hand in the
restoration. He had much learning, * but it was mixed with the
pedantry of the last age; and some ,-irtues, but they were soured
and debased by a morose and splenetic temper. He was appointed
lord-lieutenant of Ireland, in a time of confusion, when the various
claims to the estates in that kingdom were to be adjusted. His
parts were by no means equal to this government, at so critical a
juncture; as he had a genius rather for starting than solving diffi-
culties. He treated the Irish nobility with haughtiness and con-
tempt, and was himself treated with nluch less ceremony than he
expected. The king found it necessary to remove him from this
enlploY111ent; and, soon after his return to England, appointed him
president of the council, and created him earl of Radnor. He was
observed to puzzle business, and retard the dispatch of it, more
than any man that had ever been in the great offices which he en-
joyed. Ob. 1685. His daughter Letitia Isabella, who was first
married to Charles, earl of Droglleda, was afterward the wife of

lr. 'Vycherley, the famous dramatic poet.t

HENRY, duke of Norfolk, earl-lnarshal, &c. LeZy p.
BlooteliJlg sc.
'h.
Blooteling received thirty guineas for engraving tbis head.
Henry I-Ioward, duke of Norfolk, earl-marshal, and first peer
of the realm, was grandson to Thomas, earl o
Arundel. He was
a man of great good..nature, and a patron of learning; but there
was nothing shining in his character. On the contrary, he is re-
presented, in the" Memoirs of Grammont," as a m
n of a slender
capacity, and little or no politeness in his manners. He was a
ccnsiderable benefactor to the Royal Society, who assembled at
his house in London, after the fire in 1666. He, at the motion of

1f. Evelyn, gave the Arundel Marbles to the university of Oxford.!

· He was instructed in the mathematics by l\Iatthias Pasor, son of George rasor,
author of the "Lexicon to the Greek Testament." I mention this as introductory
to the following more memorable circumstance: The S:imc Pasor instructed the grcat
Dr. Fucocke i:1 th
oriental languages. See Pasor in ,V ood.
t The Countess of Drogheda went into a bookseller's shop at Tunbridge, where
1\11'. 'V ycherlt'y happened to be, and aslu'd for the" Plain Dealer ;" upon which a
gentll:'man pointing to him, said, "l\Iadam, there is the Plain Dealer for you."
This intervie'w prorluced an acquaintance, which ended in marriage.
t See the Dedit:ation to the II Idca of the I'erfection of Painting," translated by
l\ir. EvclJn.

OF ENGLA ND.

141

These were by far the most precious of the Grecian relics which
his grandfather possessed, and the most valuable of their kind in
the world. They formerly stood exposed to the air in the garden
belonging to Arundel House.*" This benefaction will probab]y be
remembered by the editions of the "lVlarmora Oxoniensia" of
Dr. Prideaux, Mr. Maittaire, and 1\1r. Chandler, when the original
inscriptions are totally obliterated. He died the 11 th of Jan. 1683,
and was succeeded by his son Henry, who Inarried the Lady Mary
Mordaunt, daughter of Henry, earl of Peterhorough. It is well
known that this lady was dirorced from the duke, and afterward
married to Sir John Germaine, bart.

GREAT OFFICERS OF THE HODSEI-IOLD.

The Duke of ORl\10ND, lord-steward of the house-
hold. Wissin
r p. R. Willia17ls f. h. she 11le::z.
J Al\IES, duke of Ormond. ](lleller p. Ravenel sc.
h. she
JACOBUS, dux Ornlondiæ. ](neller p. 8vo. This
print is curious, as it is one of the very few eng'raving;s
e
l'ecllt
d by Georg'e TVlzite, tlte 'J7ze.z'zotinter: it is 'loitlloul
his nanze.

JAl\IES, duke of Ormond. J. v. Berg'e.
Duke of OR:\lOND. Bocquet sc. In "iGraJJlJ7l0Jlt,"
1809; 8vo.
JACOBUS, dux, n1archio, et COll1es de Ormond.
Logg'an sc. larg'e Ii. slz. Tllis has becn copied by .J.1Iicllacl
Vanderg;llclzt.

· The duke bad a seat at Alb,uy, in Surrey, wherc the Hypogeum, or Subter-
raneous Grotto, cut through a hill, has been much admired. It is about a furlong
in length, and lcads into a fine vaHey.f But this is exceeded by the Hypogeum at
Park Place, the seat of !\Ir. Conway; where, besides se\'t
ral elegant works of art.
there is, perhaps, a greater variety of natural beauties, than arc to be seen on any
spot of the same extent ill the three kingdoms.

t See Gibson's U Camden," coI. 184.

Pro muted
1660.

Promoted
1660.

142 ßIOGRAPIIICAL IllS TOR Y

JACOBUS, dux Ormondiæ. Logg'allsc. 8vo.

J A!\IES, duke of Ormond; in arnzour; oval; 1Jlezz.

Vertue, in his manuscript, 'J1zentions a half-leng,th 1nez-
zotillto of the Duke of Orrnond, by Robert 1Vhite.

There is a portrait of him, by Lely, at Amesbury, and another at
Woburn.
The Duke of Ormond was an excellent soldier, an accomplished
courtier, and an able statesman; and, what was a better character
than all these, he was the good, the humane, and benevolent man.
He did and suffered much in the cause of Charles 1. and was one
of those royalists whose characters were never tainted, and which
were revel'ed even by their enemies. Cromwell offered to restore
his immense estate to him; but he was a man of too nice honour to
accept of that offer from one who, he thought, had no right to make
it. He was a warm friend, and a placable enemy; and was never
known to have any enemies himself, but those who were offended at
his virtues. He had an admirable talent at speaking; and never failed
to convince, as he spoke only on the side of truth and equity. His
Inilitary exploits in Ireland in the late reign, and his wise govern-
ment of that kingdom in the present, the hardships he suffered in
his exile, and his active loyalty to his banished sovereign, are
amply recorded in his" Life" by 1\lr. Carte, in two volumes folio.
Ob. 21, July, 1688, Æt. 78.

ED'V ARD, earl of Manchester, one of the chiefs of the Presby-
terian party, was voluntarily chosen for the office of lord-chamberlain
by the king. He indeed highly merited the honour which was con-
ferred upon him. See the" Continuation of Lord Clarendon's Life,"
p. 47. See also the reign of CHARLES I. Class VII.

HENRY JERMYN. Schiavonetti; in "G1'"a17Z-
17zont;" jro77z the picture at /)Ytrawberry-hill.
I-IENRY J ER
)lYN, &c. TJZ N. GardiJlel
; jol.

IIENRY J EIU\IYN; snzulloval.

OF ENGLAND.

143

HENRY JER1\IYN, earl of St. Alban's ; fronz an original
hy Sir Pete]'" Lely, in the possession of the late Georp,'e
Drull1nlond, esq. at
taJZnlore. Godfrey sc. 4/0.
HENRY J ERl\lYN, earl of St. Alban's; in Granz-
'J7lont's "Menzoirs;" 8vo.

Henry Jermyn (second son to Sir Thomas Jermyn, of Rusl1brook,.
in the county of Suffolk, knt.) was treasurer of the household to
King Charles the First, and master of the horse to the queen. In
the beginning of the civil war, he spared neither pains nor expense
in obtaining arms and ammunition from foreign parts, for the royal
serVICe. He exposed himself to the greatest hazard in attending
the queen into England, and landing her in safety at Burlington,
Yorkshire, in 1642, and conducting her thence with all the power
he could raise through the enemy's quarters, to the king at Oxford.
For this sE'rvice he was, by letters patent, bearing date at Oxford,
Sept. 3, 19 Car. I. advanced to the dignity of a baron of the realm,
by the title of Lord Jermyn of St. Edmundsbury, in Suffolk; with
limitation of that honour, in want of issue of his own body lawfully
begotton to Thomas his elder brother, and the heirs male of his
bod y.
He raised a regiment, and was wounded in the arm by a pistol-
shot, in a skirmish previous to the first battle of Newbury, in Sep-
tember, 1643. He afterward (in July 1644) went to France, and
continued there till the restoration; soon after which period, he was
sent to conduct the queen-mothE'l' to England. Cowley and Sir
'Villiam D'Avenant were patronised by him while he was at Paris j
and the former lived in his falnily.
He served I(ing Charles the Second, while in exile, with great
fidelity; and was employed by him in several embassies to the King
of France, which he performed with great dilig'cnce and wisdom.
In consideration of these services he was, by letters patent, bearing
date at Breda, in Brabant, April 27, 1660, created earl of St. Alban's,
in com. Hertf.
It has been generally thought, that he was privately married to
Queen Henrietta Maria, but at what period their union took place,
we are unable to ascertain. She died at Columbe, in France, Au.
gust 31, 1669.
On the 13th of May, 1671, he was appoint.ed lord-chamberlain of

Creat. earl

April
1 {>72.
T\laue 10r<.1-
c:hamb.
11 Sept.
1674.

144 BIOGRAPIIICAL IllS TOR Y

the household, which employment he held tin September 11, 1674;
and in May 1672, he was installed a knight of the Garter. Ob.
December, 1683.

HENRY BENNET, earl of Arlington. P.Lelyp.
J. HOllbraken sc. In the collection of Sir lnolJzas IIall-
l1ler, bart. "Illust. IIead."

I-IE
RY BENNET, earl of Arlington, lord-chalnber-
lain of the household; white staff; It. she
HEKRY BE
NET, &c. Thane.
IIENRY BENNET, &c. uze.::'.Z". sJ7lalloval. A. Bloute-
ling; J. Lloyd C
1'C.
IIENRY BENNET, earl of Arlington; collar and badg'e
(if tIle Garter.

HEXRY BENNET, earl of Arlington; 8vo.
There are portraits of him in Christ Church-Hall at I
ongleat,
and Lord Bathurst's, at Cirencester.
Henry Bennet, earl of Arlington, secretary of state and lord-
c11amberlain to Charles II. was educated at Christ Church, in Ox-
ford, where he distinguished himself by several pieces of poetry 7
which are printed in different collections of occasional verses. In
the reign of Charles I. he was one of the under secretaries to
George, lord Digby, secretary of state; and afterward entered a
volunteer into the royal army, where he recd ved many honourable
wounds.* He followed the fortunes of Charles II. with WhOlU he
was long a wanderer; and was employed by hilll in several embas-
sies, before and aft
r the restoration. He had an uncommon talent
at raillery and ridicule, and employed these low arts to undermine
the creùit of the Lord-chancellor Clarendon; and when his own
credit began to decline, the same arts were returned upon himself.
He was one of the cabinet council, notorious by the name of the

lit The prints represcnt him with a large cut on his nose.

OF ENGLAND.

145

Cabal, to which much of the political infamy of this reign will for
ever adhere. They advised the king to shut up the exchequer, and
persuaded him that his interest was unconnected with that of his
people. Ob. July 28, 1685, .l-Et. 67.

GEORGE, duke of Albemarle, master of his ma-
jesty's horse. F. Barlow p. Stent e,-
lc. h. she
GEORGE, duke of Albemarle. Barlow p. Wnz.
Clarke sc.
GEORGIUS, dux Albemarle. D. Loggan ad vivu'JJ

delin. et cælavit, 1661; half length, h. she This is one
of Loggan's best prints, and tIle orig'inal of several
others,. it 'rese1Jzbles tlze picture at the Duke of Qucens-
herry's, at A,}}lesbury. The print is copied by Sheppard.
GEORGE, duke of Albemarle; a s1nall oval, inscribed
G. .lIf. in Faithorne's 'llZallller.

"

GEORGE MONCK, duke of Alben1arle. Gaywoodf.
h. s/1. Thefre are tzoo others 4to. and a third 8vo. by the
sanze hand. ..

GEORGE MONCK, &c. TVlzite sc. 8vo.

GEORGE l\loNCK, &c. J. CIz. (Chantry) 8C. IGG3;
chaplet of laurel,. 8vo.
GEORGE MONCK, &c. B.Audran.
GEORGE MONCK, &c. Bocquet sc. In" Noúle Au-
thors," by AIr. PaJ
/ì.

.
GEORGE MONCK, &c. H R. Cook sc. In Prince's
" Worthies of Devoll;" 4to. 1810.
GEORGE MONCK, &c. 'HZ T. Fry sc. 1816; from

YOLo IV.

u

App-oiutf'd
ma
ter of
the horse
1660.
Created
duke
July 7,
1660.

146 BI 0 G RA P II I CA T.J II 1ST 0 R Y

the orig'Ùlal of Sir P. Lel!}, in the T01vn-lzall, E.rcteJ.";
in lJIr. Lodg'c's " IllllstJ'"iolls Portraits.."
GEORGE, duke of Albemarle, inscribed, "The Fffigi-es
of thc valiant and reno1vned;" on horseback. ll. P.
Sold by S. Lye, CaJlJlon-stt"eet; scarce.
GEORG E, duke of Albemarle, &c. Before his "Oú-
scr-vations on 1JÛlita'l'!J and political Affairs," 1671 ; Jol.
GEORGE, duke of Albemarle.. R. Preeke e.rc. 1661;
larg'c 4to.
GEORGE lVloxCK, &c. Before his " Funeral 5er'JllOn,"
bg Seth (Ward), bishop of 5rlru.1Jl, 1670; 4to.
GEORGE, late duke of Albemarle, &c. E.leDavis sc..
h. sh.

GEORGE MONCK, &c. on/lorseback,. Stellt; h. sll.
.. GEORGE, duke of Albelnarle and his dutchess,
standing hand in hand,. sold by Stent,. very bad. *
Mr. \Valpole, in vol. ii. p. 179, of the second edition of his
"Anecdotes of Painting," mentions a capital half-length of him at
the Countess of Montrath's, Twickenham Park

His portrait is in the gallery at Gorhambury.

GEORGE, duke of Albelnarle. R. Cooper sc.

George Monck, duke of Albemarle, who had a very early incli-
nation to a military life, served in the Low Countries, unùer the
L01'ds Oxford and Goring. In the civil war, he at first adhered to
the king; but having suffered a tedious imprisonment for his
loyalty, he took the covenant, and entered into the service of the

· There is a print of George, prince of Denmark, with naval trophies, designf'd
and ellgl"aved by Burghers, and prefixed to the Oxford verses on the death of that
pì'ince. This anoll.YlllouS portrait has been mistaken for the Dul,e ofí\.lbemarle.

OF ENGLAND.

147

parliament. He signalized himself at the battle- of Dunbar, where
he had a principal share in that important victory. He was after.
ward employed by CrOlnwell in reducing Scotland, which he did
effectually, and had the chief management of affairs -in that king-
dom. It is wen known that he had the greatest hand in the res-
toration, and that his gallant behaviour on board the fleet, in tbe 1666.
Dutch war, was almost without example. He is not so well known
as an author, though in that character he was not without merit..
He had talents both for peace and war; but his capacity was more
adapted to the field than the cabinet. His conversation and ad-
dress were better .suited to those scenes of action to which he had
been accustomed, than to the drawing-roonl of Charles II. Ob.
3 Jan. 1669-70. See Class VII.

GEORGE, duke, marquis, and earl of Bucking-
haul. S. Verelst p. Beeketf. h. she rnez.z'.
GEORGE VILLIEHS, duke, marquis, and earl of
Buckingham, &c. R. White se. h. she In GuilliJ7z's
" Heraldry;" folio.
GEORGE, duke, marquis, and earl of Buckingham,
&c. master of the horse. Before his Works, 8vo.
GEORGE VILLIERS, duke of Buckingham. Boe-
quet f. In" Noble Authors," by lJ;Ir. Park, 1806.
George Villiers, duke of Buckingham, a man of great wit and
humour, and of the most whimsical caprice, was the admiration and
the jest of the reign of Charles the Second. He was the alchy-
mist and the philosopher; the fiddler and the poet; the mimic and
the statesman. How shall I sketch the portrait of one who had
such a variety of faces, or draw him in miniature who was of so
great, and at the same time of so little a character? He has left us
a specimen of his aùmirable wit in his" Rehearsal" which is a crea-
tion of his own, anù had a considerable effect in refonning the stage,
Ob. April 16, 1687, Æt. 60.t

· See the U Catalogue of Royal and Noble Authors."
t It is certain, from what Lorù Clarendon tclls us, that thc dukc frequcntly
diverted himself with the preachers at court. The following slOr} was told Uti as

148 BIOGRAPIIICAL HISTORY

JAMES, duke of Monn10uth, (master of the horse).
Lely p. Blooteling' sc. lal'"g"e h. sh.
JAl\IES, duke of Monmouth, &c. Lely p. Blooteling f.
oval; ill arulour,. larg"e as tlze life,. lal'"g"e slz. 'lne.z'z.

J Al\IES, duke of Monn1outh. Wissing" p. Vallder-
vaart f. h. slz. 'Jne:;z.
J A !\IES, duke of Monn1outh. ]{neller p. Valldre...
banc sc
in arJnOlll'''
'I1.

JACOBUS, dux de Monmouth, &c. robes of tlte
Garter. LogtJan sc. b. she This is the handsonlest
prin t of him.
Jl\l\IES, duke of Monmouth ; two prints by VanHove;
Sl1lall 8vo.

fact by Dr. Dibben, an intimate friend of 1\lr. Prior, and the translator of his Se

cular Ode into elegant Latin. A young divine of great modesty, who preached
before the king, on Psalm cxxxix, verse 13, cc I am fearfully and wonderfully
made," was the innocent occasion of much mirth in the chapel royal. This
young man, who is supposed to have been in a sweat, more from apprehension than
the warmth of the season, happened, before he named his text, to wipe his face with
one of his hands, on which was a new glove, and with the die of it unluckily blacked
J)imself. The Duke of Buckingham, upon comparing the words of the text with
the figure of the pre<lcher, was instantly seized with a fit of laughter, in which he
was foHowed by Sir Henry Bennet and several other courtiers; nor was the king
himself, who thoroughly enjoyed a jest of this kind, able to keep his countenance.
The Rcverend 1\lr, Gosling. of Canterbury, upon reading this anecdote, made the.
following observation, which I shall give the reader in that gentleman's own words:
u I have heard my father (who was of the chapel royal in King Charles the Se

cond's time) tell this story ofa Dr. Resbury, without the circumstance of the glove,
which seems needless from another story of him. 'Vhile he was in waiting at
'Vindsor, he observed a person pass him in the street, and turn back to look at him
so often, that at last he pretty roughly asked what he meant by it. He very
civilly asked pardon; but said he was a painter; that he had then in hand a picture
of Nathan reproving Da,-id, and thought that the doctor had the most reproving
face he had ever met with. This occasiuned some harsher language, to which the
artist replied, he had got as much as he desired, and took his leave." The anecdote
of the preacher, as corrected by 1\1r. Gosling, seems to be the more authentic; but
he certainly was chaplain to King 'VilIiam and Queen Anne, as appears frolD his
epitaph in St, Gilcs's church, at Reaùing.

OF ENGJ.J.AND.

l-!D

JA
l\lES, duke of MOnlTIOuth. P. ,Stcllt; sold by
Overton.
J Al\IES, duke of Monmouth and Buccleugh. Nic.
Visscher; larg'e h. Sll.
J Al\IES, duke of Monmouth. P. Schenck f. lJl ar-
'JJZOllr.

JAl\IES, duke of Monmouth; In arlnollr,. collar of
the Garter.

J Al\IES, duke of Monmouth; a head-piece; ill the
quarto edition of Waller's Works.
JACQUES SCOT, due de lVlonmouth.
TVerff p.
(delin.) Picart sc. dire,l;'. 1724; 4to.

JAl\IES,duke of Monmouth; 1JZcz.Z. oval; LeZy; P.

S01Jzer; 4to. scarce.
J A
IES, duke of Monmouth, on horseback,. ]{etsc/ier
and Wycli p. W. Baillie sc.

JACOBUS, dux de IVIonlIlouth, &c. on horscback; it
cypher, probably for Francis Barlow.*

J.\tlr. Pennant, in his" Tour in Scotland,"t informs us, that there
is a large spirited picture of the Duke of l\lonmouth on horseback,
and another in arm our at Dalkeith-house. The same author ob-
serves, that all his pictures have a handsome likeness of his father.
At this house is a portrait of Lucy \tValters, his mother, of whom
1\11'. Bull has an authentic drawing.
James, duke of l\Ionmouth, was a natural son of Charles II. by
Mrs. Lucy 'V alters,! daughter of Richard '''alters, of Haverford-
West, in the county of Pembroke. Courage and good nature,

· There is a poor print of him, "sold by Overton," sh. This is not \\'orth the
collector's notice.
t í). 61. * She was somctimes called 1\lrs. Bado".

Created
duke
14 Fell.
15 Car. If.

Created
duke
S Feb.
1683-4.

150 filO G RAPIIICAL IllS TOR Y

-
youth ao(1 beauty, ambition and pliancy of temper, contributed to
render him the favourite of his father, the minion of the people,
and the tool of faction. AccUlnulated wealth and honour, univer-
sal popularity and royal favour, though more than he could well
bear, did not satisfy him. He knew not how to be happy without
sovereignty, while he enjoyed all its advantages, without any of
its 'Cares. He ev
n pretended that he had a right to the succes-
sion;* and it is certain that the king for some time connived at his
ambition, as he thought his faction a proper coun!er-balance to that
of the Duke of York.t The Earl of Shaftesbury, who managed
him as he thought fit, first formed the project of raising him to the
throne. See the next reign.1:

GREAT OFFICERS OF SCOTLAND.

T

W"'ILLIAM, duke of Queens berry. Kneller p. Vall-
drebaJlc sc. large slz.
'Villi am, earl of Queensberry, was made lord justice-general and
lord high-treasurer of Scotland, by Charles II. and appointed lord
high-commissioner of that kingdom in the beginning of the next
reign. This nobleman and the Earl of Aberdeen had the manage-
ment of the affairs of Scotland in 1681, after the departure of the
Duke of York. They have been both justly censured for their
rigorous and oppressive administration. Great numbers were out-
lawed by the Earl of Queensberry, only for conversing with such
as refused the Scottish Test. These conscientious persons were

.. The pretended secret History of Charles II. and Lucy 'Valters, was published,
under borrowed names, in the" Perplexed Prince;" written in the manner of a
DOVcJ, and dedicated to \Villiam, lord Russel. The king is there said to have been
certainly married to her. This book J whi.cb is but a mCéI,n performance, had a great
influence on the populace.
t "r elwood, p. 169.
* The Duke of l\lonmouth had a sister, l\lary, who espoused 'Villiam Sarsfield,
esq. of Lucan, in Ireland.
by whom he had an only daughter, named Charlotte,
who was married to 1\lr. Vesey, an Irish gentleman. lHaryespoused, to her second
Imsballd, William Fanshawe, esq. master of the requests to Charles II. She died
in A pril, 16
3, leaving issue by him one son and three daughters. See Sandford's
If Genealogical History," p. 6 iJ, last edit.

Elder brother to Patrick, styled carl of Lucan.

OF ENGLAND.

151

branded with the name of rebels. He fen into disgrace SOon after
the accession of James, because he refused to change his religion.
Ob. 1694.

JOANNES BAP. COLBERT, &c. Baro de Seig-
nelay. Nantellil sc. 1660. There are various othCl'
prints of hÙn. The best that I'relnc17zbcr to have seen is
that eng;rgved by Ant. lJIasson; sll.
JOANNES BAP. COLBERT. Jac. Lubin sc.
JOANNES BAP. COLBERT. C./eBrun; G.Ede/incl;:;
large sheet.
John Baptist Colbert, privy-counsellor and superintendent of the
finances, secretary, and minister of state to Lewis XIV. and one of
the ablest politicians that any age or country has produced, was
born of Scottish parents in France. He instituted, established

and directed manufactures. He was perfectly acquainted with all
the springs of opulence, and knew how to convey them into their
proper channels. Trade received life, vigour, and stability under
his auspices; and the French marine would have become formida-
ble, if the jealousy of Louvois had not turned aside his master's
ambition to conquests at land. The canal of Languedoc, begun
and carried on under his direction, was itself a work that would
have immortalized a Roman. He died at Paris, on the 6th of Sep-
tember, 1683. His library of books, printed and manuscript, is
said to have been superior to any private collection that ever was
made.*
He is mentioned here, as being enrolled by the Scots in the
splendid list of their illustrious persons.

TIIOMAS, first lord Clifford of Chudleigh; frúul
the original of Lely, in the collection of the Rig.ltt I-Ioll.

· ColLert had a brother, whom he introduced into the management of affairs,
and an acquaintance with the great world, The Germans and the English found.
to their detriment, if not thcir disgrace, that he was a very artful and able ambas-
sador. He has been frequently confounded with the great Colbert. That he was
a different person will appear from his character in l\lons. \Vicqucfort's u nights.
Privileges, and Office of Ambassadors." translated Ly Digby. t
.

t Sce p. 121.

152 III 0 G R.A PIIICAL II 1ST 0 R Y

Lord Clifford. f
Holl sc. In Lodg'c"s "Illustrious
PcrsoJlag'es of Great Britain;" folio, quarto, and. octavo.
Thomas, lord Clifford, of Chudleigh, was the eldest of the three
sons of Hugh Clifford, of Ugbrook, in Devonshire, a gentleman
\",ho had been intrusted with the command of a regiment of foot
for the king in the beginning of the rebellion, by Mary, daughter
of Sir George Chudleigh, of Ashton, in the same county, baronet.-
He was born on the 1st of August, 1630, and completed his educa-
tion at Exeter College, in Oxford, where he became a gentleman
commoner on the 25th of May, 1647; and" was accounted," says
'V ood, "by his contemporaries there a young man of a very un-
settled hearl, or of a roving shattered brain." The fervid and san-
guine disposition which drew on him this censure frOln dull and
plodding judgments, enabled him to reap the fruits of study without
labour, and he left the university in a state of proficiency which
astonished those who had uttered it. He travelled for some time
on the continent, and on his return, was entered of the l\1iddle
Temple, and studied the law with an assiduity which leaves little
room to doubt that he then intended to adopt it as a profession.
'The ancient affection, however, of his native county to his names
and family, opened new prospects to him. The borough of Totness
elected him to serve in the parliament, by which Charles the Se-
cond was restored, and rechose him for the first which was called
by that prince. lIe was now in his proper sphere of action. The
freedom of debate was suited to his natural impatience of control,
and his ambition was soothed by splendid visions of preferment.
He possessed all the requisites to establish parliamentary reputa-
tion, and exercised them with a freedom and boldness at that time
seldom practised. He commenced his career by opposing the
11leasures of government; grew distinguished and formidable; made
terms with the king's ministers; and became a most steady advocate
for the royal prerogatives.
. He now privately engaged himself, in concert with some other
members of the House of Commons, to use his most strenuous
endeavours to augment, by all practicable means, the authority and
revenue of the crown; and it has been said, that Lord Clarendon's
opposition to those measures, was the principal cause of that great
man's fall. Henry Bennet, earl of Arlington, and secretary of
state, was his first eminent political friend and patron, and his
strict intimacy with that minister, together with a strong rumour

OF ENGLAND.

]53

that he had been secretly reconciled to the church of Ron1e about
the time of the restoration, introduced him to the favour, ant!
shortly after to the confiùence, of the Duke of York. In compli-
Inent to that prince, and perhaps to relieve and solace a spirit of
peculiar ardency, he attended the duke in the great sea-fight with
the Dutch of the 3d of June, 1665, and became so interested in
the tremendous novelties which he that day witnessed, that he
chose to remain with the fleet after the command had devolved, in
the duke's absence, on the Earl of Sandwich, with whom he sailed,
in the beginning of the following August, on the expedition to
Bergen, in Norway.
On the "26th of October, 1666, he was appointed comptroller of
the household, and on the 5th of the following December, sworn of
the privy council; on the 13th of June, 1668, the office of treasurer
of the household was conferred on him: and, presently after, the
Treasury being put into cOll1mission on the death of the Earl of
Southampton, he was named one of the lords commi3sioners. He
became now, perhaps, the king's most confidential adviser, and
this was presently after in a manner publicly acknowledged by his
reception into that cabinet council, which, from the initial letters of
the names of the five who composed it, obtained the denomination
of" the Cabal." The whole designs of which were, the establish-
ment of absolute monarchy, and the restoration of the Ron1Îsh
religion.
Charles the Second, who thirsted for absolute monarchy chiefly
for the sake of personal ease, determined to ensure his future ser...
vices by giving him the strongest proof of his favour and gratitude.
On the 20th of April, 1672, created hiln baron Clifford, of Chud..
leigh, in the county of Devon, to which honour was added, a grant
of considerable estates, chiefly in Somersetshire; and, on the 28th
of the folJowing November, he was appointed lord high-treasurer.
In the preceding year the king, who had become the voluntary
vassal of Louis XIV. resolved to gratify that prince by breaking
the league, known by the title of the triple alliance, which had been
formed against France in the year 1667, between England, Sweden,
and the United Provinces, and to make war on the latter of those
powers. His coffers were exhausted; the parliament not then
sitting; and no reasonable hope to be entertained fron'! assembling
it, of obtaining a grant of money for the prosecution of a measure
so unpopular .-In this dilemma, Charles is said to have declared
that he would give the stafr of high-treasurer to any of bis D1inis-

YOLo IV.

x

154

B lOG It.A P II Ie..:\. L II r S T 0 It Y

ters who could contrive a feasible plan to raise 1,500,0001. without
an application to parliament. "The next day," as the story goes,
" Lord Ashley (afterward the notorious earl of Shaftesbury) told
Clifford that there was a way to do this, but that it was dangerous,
and might, in its consequences, inflame both parliament and people.
Clifford, impatient to know the secret, plied the Lord Ashley with
visits, and having drunk hin1 to a proper height, led him insensibly
to the subject of the king's indigence. Lord Ashley, warm and
unguarded, dropped the important secret of shutting up the Exche-
quer. Clifforù took the hint; left the Lord Ashley as soon as he
possibly could; went the same night to lVhitehall ; and, attending
till the king rose, demanded the white staff. The king renewed
his promise if the n10ney could be found, and then Clifford disclosed
the secret, and was accordingly made lord-treasurer." The whole
of this, however, seems to be fabulous. The project of shutting
up, as it was called, the Exchequer, by which the banlærs, who
had supplied Charles's necessities with money, borrowed of othels
on the security of the revenues, were disabled from fulfilling their
engagements, was devised and recOlnmended by Ashley alone.
Lord Clifford held his high appointment for little more than six
months; about the time that he obtained it, Charles, at his sugges-
tion, published a declaration for upiversallibcrty of conscience and
worship, and for the suspension oftlle penal laws against dissenters
of all descriptions. It was presently perceived that this measure
was contrived for the encouragen1ent and benefit of the Roman
Catholics; the House of Commons took it
p with great warmth;
voted it to ue illegal; and not only endeavoured, by two several
addresses, to persuade the king to revoke it, but broke out into
open hostility against the Papists, and brought in a bill for a new
test, peculiarly framed to disqualify them for all public employ-
ments. The peers received it with more moderation, but Clifford
defended it in that house with a haughtiness and violence of ex-
pression, which provoked the utmost resentment and disgust. It
was on that occasion that he applied the quoted phrase, "lnOll-
strum horrendmn ingens," to the vote of the Commons, and re-
l)roached that branch of the legislature in terms of anger anù con-
tempt, .never, perhaps, before or since applied to it by a speaker in
the upper house. The Lords, however, sanctioned the king's de-
claration by their vote, but the majority was small, and no less
than thirty signed a protest against it. The chancellor, Shaftes-
bury, spoke and voted against it, and the king, to whom Clifford

OF ENGLAND.

155

ha(l not only previously submitted the plan of his speech, but by
whom some additions had been made to it, intinlidated by the re-
sentment which it had produced, and the artifices of the treasurer's
enemies, determined to abandon at once his measure, and his
111inister.
The appointment of Sir Thomas Osborn, afterward duke of
Leeds to that important post, was the result; Clifford retired,
overwhelmed with chagrin, to the country. Some remarkable par-
ticulars of his latter days have very lately appeared in a publication
of the diary of l1is intimate friend, John Evelyn, who tells us, that
l}is resignation "grieved him to the heart, and at last broke it."
1\Ir. Evelyn adds, that when he took leave of this nobleman, on his
quitting London for ever, Lord Clifford" wrung him by the hand,"
and said, " Good bye-I shall never see thee 1110re-do not expect
it-I will never see this place, this city or court, again;" and
couples váth these speeches, which evidently refer rather to future
life than death, a very idle rumour of the day, that he perished soon
after by his own hand.
He died, as we are informed by Prince, in his "'V orthies of
Devon," of a fit of the stone, at his house of U gbrook, in that
county, in SeptemLer, 1673; and his friend, IVlr. Evelyn, from
whom alone we have any view of his private character, makes some

tonement for the blemish so carelessly cast on his memory, by
recording that he was "a valiant uncorrupt gentleman; ambitious,
not covetous; generous, passionate, and a most sincere constant
friend."

CLASS III.

ENGLISH PEERS.

DUKES.
'\VlLLIAl\1 SEYl\10 UR, duke of Sonlerset. LLlg p.
IGi 1. Vcrtue SC. 1724; lar
'e It. S11.

'Vil1iam, duke of Somerset, was son of I-Ienry, lord Beauchamp.
by l\lary, daughter of Arthur, lord Capel. lIe succeeded his grand-

] 56 B lOG RAP II I C A L HIS TOR Y

father William, who, on the 25th of April, 1660, was restored to
the title of duke of SOlnerset, forfeited by the attainder of his
great-grandfather, in the reign of Edward VI. Ob. 1671.

CI-IRISTOPHER, duke of Alben1arle, (son of
George). Sheru'Ùz sc. she See the next reign.

Created WILLIAM CAVENDISH, duke of Ne,vcastle.
16 l\larch' D o b C S h . fC I
1664-5. lcpen eke del. louvet sc. ee t e reIgn 0 HARLES.
Class III.

The Duke of RICHMOND and LENOX; 'leilll a
black holding his "at and feather. H. Gascar p. u;ho/c
length, '1ne.zz.

The Duke ofRlcHr,IoND. TV
TVissing p. J. Beckttf.
with a greyhound,. h. she 'Jne
'z.

The Duke of RICHl\10
D. TVissing p. R. TVillÙlJJlsf.
7'obes of the Garter,. 4to. 'J7zezz.

The Duke of RICH::\IO
D. Dil Broyn p. R. To}]zp-
son eLI'C. h. sh. 1nezz.

The Duke of RICHl\10
D. ](neller p. R. WIÛie C.l'C.
h. she 1Jle.ZZ. All these prints represent hin1 young.

The Duke of RICHl\ION D, &c. Lc Davis.
The Duke of RICIll\10ND. F. Jot/ain.

The Duke of RICJI:
IOND;
vhole leng,th. B. Lens.

At Da]keith-house, the seat of the Duke of Buccleugh, in Scot-
land, are portraits of the duke and his dutchess in oue picce.

OF ENGLAND.

157

Charles Lenox, first duke of Richmond, was the only son of
Louise Renée de Penencourt, of Queroualle, in France,"" by King
Charles the Second, who being present at his baptism, gave him

· This lady coming into England, in the year 1670, with the Dutchess of
Orleans, the king's sister, his majesty was so taken with her beaut.r and deport-
ment, that he created her datchess of Portsmouth, countess of Farneham, and
baroness of Petersfield, all in the county of Southampton, tu enjoy during her life,
by leltefs patent, dated at 'Vestminster, August 19, 1673. And likewise by his
intercession with the then French king, Louis XIV. the territory of Aubign.r, in
France, which, by the death of Charles Stuart, sixth duke of Richmond and Lenox,
reverted to that crown, was given to her grace, by grant, dated at St. Germains
en Laye. in the month of December, 1673, and thirty-first year of his reign, during
ber life; the remainder to such of the King of Great Britain's natural sons by her,
as 11e shall name; under the same limitation as the grant by Charles YII. of
France, anno 1422, to John Stuart, anceslOl' to the aforesaid Duke of Richmond.
Aubigny is a town in Berry, in France, situate on the river Nere, givC'1l (accord-
ing tu Pere Daniel) to John Stuart, the third lord Darnleyof the name of John,
on :l\1arch 24, 1.122, to whom the county and earldom of Eurcux was also granted
in 1426, ar.d who was killed at the baule of Herrings, 011 }'eLruary 12. 1428-9.
The French king. by his grant dated at Versailles. in the month of January,
1684, in tbe forty-first 'year of his reign, reciteth, " That the territory of Aubigny
upon Nere. in the province of Derry, having been given, in the year 1-122, by
Vharles YII. to John Stuart, in consideration of the great and commendable
!en'ices by him done in the wars; and by default of heirs male, the same having
reverted to the crown, alìno 1672, 011 the death of the Duke of Richmond, he. in
regard to the King of Great Britain, had, by his Ictters patent, dated in the month
of DecemLer, 1673, granted to the Lady J
ouise Rel1ée de Pencncourt de Querou-
aIle, dutchess of Portsmouth, the said territory of Aubigny, with aU rights to the
same belonging, for Iler life; remainder to such of the natural male children as she
shall have by the King of Great Britain, in tail-male, by the said king to be
IIamed; remainder to the crown of France. And whcl"eas, the said King of Great
Eritain, had appointed Charles Lenox, duke of Richmond, his natural son, master
of the horse, and knight of the Garter, to succeed the said Dutchess of Portsmouth
in the said inheritance; he, the said King of France, being wi!ling to annex to
the said inheritancc a proper title, and such as should be agreeable to the illustrious
birth of the said Duke of Richmond: and at the S3.me time to confel' honour 011
the said Dutcbess of Portsmouth, whose progenitors always held a considerable
rank in the province of Britanny, as well in consideration of their birth, services in
the army, as alliance to ancient families, and otherwise; and also considering the
great extent of the said territories, consisting of the town of Aubigny, two consi-
derable castles, two parishes and fief.'5, extending to the court and parliament at
Paris; bcing likewise mistress of the waters, forests, fairs, markets, and all places
in the said tenitories ; therefore he unites, creates, and erecls the said town, terri-
tory. casteJIany and castle of Aubigny, fiefs and lands, &c. into a dutchy and
peerdom of France, with a]) pre-eminences and prerogative!! thereunto appertaining;
to be enjoyed by the said Lady Louise Rcnée Penencourt de Queroualle, dutchesf;
of Portsmouth, during her life; and after her decease, by t he said Uti kc of Rich-
mond, and the heirs male of his budy, in name, titlc, and dignity uf duht"'s of

158 ßIO GRAPII ICAL H 1ST 0 R Y

t
1C surname of Lenox, and his own Christian name Charles. He
was born July 29, 1672, and being of great hope8, was, in the third
year of his age, created, by his royal father, baron of Setrington,
in the county of York, earl of 1\larch (a title derived from the
l',1arches in \Vales), and duke of Richmond, in Yorkshire, by letters
patent, bearing date at \Vestminster, Angust 9, 1675.
And his lllajesty considering, with what lustre and glory the
house of I
enox had shone in former times, and that by the death
of Charles Stuart, duke of Richmond and Lenox, the dignity of
the Duke of Lenox was immerged in the crown; therefore, that
the honour might be again revived, his majesty bestowed the
estate of Lenox on his son, the aforesaid Charles, duke of Rich..
mond: and by letters patent, passed in Scotland, on September 9,
created him duke of Lenox, earl of Darnley, and baron Methuen,
of TorboIton, and to the heirs n1ale of his body.
His grace was elected, April 7, 1681, a knight companion of the
most noble order of the Garter, and installed at Windsor on the
20th of the same month. At that time, and formerly, as pictures
shew, the knights of the Garter wore the blue riband round the
neck, with the George appendant on the breast: but the duke's
mother having, sometime after his installation, introduced him to
the king, with his ribaTJd over his right shoulder, and the George
appendant on the left side, his majesty was so pleased with the
conceit, that he commanded all the knights companions of the
order to wear it the same way. The Duke of Richmond was
made máster of the horse to the king, on the removal of the Duke
of l\Ionmouth; which office, during his minority, was executed by
three commissioners, Henry Guy, Theophilus Oglethorpe, antI
Charles Adderly, esqrs. but on the accession of King James to the
throne, his mothel' having promoted the bill of exclusion, his grace
was removed from that honourable employment. November 14,
1693, he took 11is seat in the House of Peers.
In the reign of King \Villiam, he served in Flanders, and was

id-de-camp to his majesty. He was also one of the lords of the
bed-chamber to King George I. and departing this life, at his seat
at Goodwood, in Sussex, IVlay 27, 1723, was buried in l{ing Henry
the Seventh's chapel, in 'Vestminster-abbey, but afterward removed
to Chichester cathedral.

Aubigny, and peers of France; with all jurisdiction, rights, honours, authority, &c.
LC'longillg to the said
ignit.Y of peers and dukes, and ::ovcrC'ignly of the said
dutchy; doing bOllJ3g<.> to the crown of France."

OF ENGLA.ND.

15D

The Dutchess of Portsmouth was amused by the Earl of Shaftes-
bury, who well knew her influence over Charles, with the visionary
hopes of a parliamentary settlement of the crown upon the duke
})er son. His predecessor, in the dukedom of Richmond, was
Charles Stuart, who luarried a celebrated lady of his own name,
with whom the king was deeply in love. He died in his embassy
to Denmark, the 12th of Dec. 1672.
The Duke of Richmond married, in January, 1692-3, Anne,
widow of Henry, son of John, lord Belasyse, of 'Vorlaby, by whOln
he had one son, Charles, second duke of Richmond, Lenox, and
Aubigny; and two daughters, I
ady J...oui8e, born Dec. 24, 1694,
married to James, third earl of Berkeley, and I
ady Anne, nlarried
to William-Anne, second earl of Albemarle.

HENRY, duke of Grafton. T. Hau'lìer p. Becketf.
whole leJlÆ'tll; larg'e Iz. she 111ezz.

HEl\RV, duke of Grafton. ](neller p. Bccketf.
larg'e 4to.

The Duke of GRAFTON. J. Becket f. a ship at sca:l'
h. ..fìll. 17zez;;:;.

The Duke of GRA FTO
. E. Cooper eL1}C. 8J1lall 4to.

171e.Z'.Z' .

I-Ienry Fitz-Roy, second natural son of Charles tIle Second, by
Barbara Villiers, dutchess of Cleveland, born Sept. 20, 1663, being
of a brave and martial spirit, addicted himself first to the experience
of lllaritime aff
tirs, having been in several naval expeditions with
Sir John Bury, knt. vice-admiral of England: he was, by letters
patent, bearing date August 16, 1672, created baron of Sudbury,
viscount Ipswich, and earl of Euston, aU in the county of Suffolk;
and September 11, 1675, created duke of Grafton, in the county
of Northampton. August 31, 1680, he was elected a knight of the
most noble order of the Garter; but being then at sea, with Sir
John Bury, he was installed at 'Vindsor by his proxy, Sir Edward
Villiers, knt. afterward earl of Jersey, Sept. 30, following.
December 15, 1681, he was chosen by the corporation of the
Trinity I-Iouse, to be one of their elder brothers; and on the 30th

J GO B lOG RAP II I C A L II 1ST 0 It Y

of the same month, constituted colonel of tbe first regiment of foot-
guards, which was given, in 1688, to the Earl of Lichfield, hut
restored to 11im in the same year by the Prince of Orange. In 168
,
he was appointed vice-admiral of England; and in 1684, was sworn
recorder of St. Edmundsbury, in Suffolk. In 1685 appointed lord-
1ieutenant and custos rotulorum of that county, and also by patent,
remembrancer in the First-fruits office, ranger of \Vhittlebury
forest in N orthamptonshire, and gamekeeper at N ewmarket.
A t the coronation of James II. he performed the office of lord
high-constable of England. And on the landing of the Duke of
lVlonmouth in the 'Vest, 1685, he commanded a part of King James's
forces, and behaved with great gallantry in the action of Philips
Norton J
ane, in Somersetshire, narrowly escaping with his life.-
In 1687, the Duke of Somerset having declined conducting Ferdi-
nand D' Ada, archbishop of .Amasia, Pope Innocent XL's nuccio, to
his public audience, he was prevailed on by the king to perform it;
and accordingly, on the 3d of July that year, he solemnly conducted
hi
to \Vindsor, attended by Sir Charles Cotterel, master of the
ceremonies, in one of his majesty's coaches. The same year
(being then vice-admiral of England), he had the command of a
squadron of his majesty's ships of war, to receive Mary Sophia,
queen of Pedro II. king of Portugal, in Holland, and conduct her
to Lisbon. He afterward sailed for Tunis, where he arrived,
Oct. 16, 1687; and haviug brought the corsairs of that place to
amity, he returned to England in March, 1688, and waiting on the
king was graciously received.
On the landing of the Prince of Orange, he was one of the Pro-
testant peers, then in London, who, with the archbishops of Canter-
bury and Y Ol'k, &c. signed a petition to King Jan
es, " That in the
deep sense of the miseries of a war, &c. they did think themselves
bound in conscience, and out of the duty they owe to God, their
holy religion, &c. n10st humbly to offer to his majesty, that in their
opinions, the only visible way to preserve his majesty and his king-
dom, would be the calling of a parliament, 'regular anù free in all
respects, &c." The jesuits were so enraged at this petition, that
they published a paper with this title, Some Riflectiol1s upon the
JlUmble Petition to tlie ](ing, of tlte Lords, who subscribed the same;
presented J.hn:c'l1lber 17, 1688.
On King James's arrival with his army at Salisbury, Novelnber 19,
the Duke of Grafton, with the Lord Churchill (afterward duke of

Iarlborough), were the first that went over to the Prince of Orange.

OF EXG.J.JAND.

101

And such confidence had his highnèss in hi!': grace's good dispo-
sition to him, that when King James had the first time withdrawn
himself from \VhitehaB, he dispatched the Duke of Grafton frmll
his camp at Henley, to go and take possession of Tilbury Fort, with
his regiment of foot-gGards. But after the meeting of the Conven-
tion, when it came to be debated in the Honse of Peers, lV/lcthel' the
throne being "[,Gcaut, it ought to ';e filled up ú.1J a regent, 01' {/ hln{!:;
the duke was one of the forty-nine, that voted for a regcllt. 1-1 ow-
ever, his grace, with the Duke of Orn10nd, the Dukes of Southamp-
ton and Northumberland, soon after acknowledged lite Prince Gnd
Princess if Orange for king and queen. And at their coronation he
attended, and bore the king's orb.
In 1690, he embarked with the Earl of l\1:arlborough for Ireland,
who arrived bef:>re the harbour of Cork, Sept. 21, and two days
after, the greatest part of the land-forces went on shore, headed by
the Duke of Grafton, who coming the next day within a mile of the
town of Cork, began a formal siege. And a considerable breach
being made, the grenadiers were ordered to storm the town, headed
by his grace, and some resolute volunteers. But as he was leading
theln on to the assault, on September 28, he received a wound with
a shot, which broke two of his ribs, whereof he died, at Cork, on
October 9, following; and his corpse was brought to England, and
buried at Euston, in Suffolk.
Tht Duke of GraftOn married the Lady Isahella, only daughter,
and at length heir, to Henry Bennet, earl of Arlington, viscount
Thetford, &c. secretary of state, and of the privy council, knight of
the most noble order of the Gftrter, and lord-chamberlain of the
household to Charles II. by the Lady IsabeIIa of Nassau, his wife,
one of the daughters of Lewis of Nassau, lord of Beaverwaert, and
count of Nassau, ând
ister to Henry of Nassau,
eignior de Auver-
querque, master of the horse to \Villiam III. and [liher of Henry
earl of Grantham; anù by her had Charles, his only child, second
duke of Grafton, born at Arlington-house, in S1. James's Park;
who, in right of his mother, became carl of Arlington, viscount
Thetford, and baron Arlington; her father being created baron
Arlington, of Arlin
ton, in the county of l\1iddle
ex, March 14,
1663, and viscount Thetford in the county of Norfolk, and e
rl of
Arlington, April 22, 1672, with limitation to the heirs of his hody
lawfuI1y begotten.

VOL. IV.

y

Created
6 April,
1682.

I G2 B lOG RAP II Ie\. L II J S TOR Y

GEORGE FITZROY, earl (after\vard duke) of
Northumberland, &c. 11. Gasca}' p. * A. Tooker t.Z'C.
/arg'e II. slz. IJleZ,Z.
The Duke of N OHTHUl\I.BERLAND. TVissiJl
' p. rVil-
lia]}lS f. 4to. lllezz.

George Fitzroy, duke of Northumberland, was another natural
son of Charles II. by Barbara, dutchess of Cleveland. In 1683,
he was elected knight of the Garter. In 1701, he succeeded fleury,
duke of Norfolk, as constable of 'Vindsol' Ca
tle, and lord lieute-
nant of the county of Surrey. In the reign of Anne, he was con-
stituted lord-lieutenant of Berkshire, lieutenant-general of the
queen's armies, and one of. the lords of her privy council. He
n1arried, in 1685, Catharine, daughter of Robert 'Vheatley, of
Bracknol, Berks, esq. and relict of Thomas Lucy, esq. of Charlecote,
in the county of Warwick. I-Ie died without issue.

HENRY CA VENDISI-I, duke of Newcastle, on
horseback,. with his elder brother Charles, viscount
lJIaJlifield. A.
Diepenbeke. Lisebetius sc. III the
Duke of J.Veu'castle's book of " lIoJ"se1Jlanship,o" slzeet.
HE
RY CAVENDISH, duke of Newcastle, 1676.
1V. llichardson,o 1811; oval J. hat and feather.

Henry Cavendish, duke of Newcastle, was the only surviving son
of the celebrated 'Villiam, marquis of Newcastle, who, by his steady
adherence and loyalty to Charles the First, suffered a loss of no
less a SUin than 733,579l. the only return for which was the honour
of being made a duke at the restoration of Charles the Second.
His g-race dying in 1676, at the advanced age of eighty-four, was
succeeded in his honours by thi8 nobleman; who, though less con-
spicuous than his father in the political hemisphere, yet held many
dignified offices and posts of state. He married Frances, daughter
of William, secon-d son of Robert Pierpoint, earl of Kingston, which
lady brought him four sons; three of which died young; and the

lit It is observable that all the prints after Gascar's paintings are very uncommon.

01 i ' EXGLAND.

163

surviving son, Henry, after his marriage with Elizabet11, daughter
and heir of Joceline Percy, earl of Northumberland, called himself
Percy, but died in the lifetime of his father, anno 1680. The
Duke of Newcastle had also five daughters; who, upon his decease,
in 1691, proved his coheirs: at which time, the titles of Cavendish
of Bolsover, viscount Mansfield, carl of Ogle, and earl, marquis,.
and duke of Newcastle became extinct. The title having termi-
nated in the name of Cavendish, was next revived in that of HolIt's,
in the person of John HolIes, earl of Clare; who, having married
Margaret, third daughter and coheir of Henry Cavendish, the last
duke of Newcastle, was raised to that dignity in 1694; but having
no male issue, this honour expired again upon his decease, July 15,
anno 1711. \Vhereupon Thomas Pelham HoUes, earl of Clare
(who had been so created in 17] 4), was, in 1715, advanced to the
dukedom of Newcastle-upon- Tyn<
, with limitation, in default of
issue male, to his brother Henry, and his i
sue n1ale; both of these,
however, deceasing, the said title once more became extinct, on his
grace's death in 1768. But having, in 1756, been created duke of
N ewcastIe under Line, in Staffordshire, with an entail, on failure of
issue male of his own body, to Henry Clinton, earl of Lincoln, and
his issue male, by Catherine Pelham his wife, niece to him the said
duke, this last-mentioned title, upon his death, descended accord-
ing to the above limitation, and is now vested in the noble family
of Clinton.

IIENRY, duke of Beaufort. Wissing p. li. Wil-
liaJJzs f. h. /"h. 1Jze,zz.

I-fENRv, duke of Beaufort ; in aJ"lllour; anonY1J10llS;
(Valldyc/i) ; (Faitho1"ne ). 1'/Ûs has been utlstaken fur
Edlvard, 1Jzarqui/'. of lVorcester, by Granger.

JIENRY, duke of Beaufort. [(neller p. ll. JVhite sc.
larB'e h. she

.A print from this plate, with some alteration in the arms, &c.
was sold at Paris, in the reign of Anne, fOT the head of Lord
BolingLroke. The name of Desrochers, the engraver, is inscribed
on the print.

164 BIOG.RAPIIICAL IIISTORY

Henry Somerset was son of Edward, marquis of"\V orcester, who
had a considerable share in the transactions of the late reign; and
was, in his father's lifetime created earl of Gbmorgan by Charles I..
He was by Charles II. July 30, 1660, constituted lord-lieutenant
of Gloucestershire; and, in 1672, lord-president of the council in
the principality of 'Vales; and lord lieutenant of the several coun-
ties of Anglesey, Brecon, Cardigan, Caermarthen, Glamorgan, and
Radnor, in South 'Vales; and of Carnarvon, Denbigh, Merioneth,
IHontgomery, Flint, and Pembroke, in North 'Vales. He was also,
on Augu
t 22, appointed lord-lieutenant of the county and city of
Bristol; and on August 27, the same year, sworn of his majesty's
privy-council; having on June 3, the same year, been installed
one of the knights of the Garter. And having been eminEntly ser-
viceable to that king (as is expressed in the patent) since his most
happy restoration; in consideration thereof, and of his most noble
descent from l{ing Edward the Third, by John Beaufort, eldest son
of John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster, by Catherine Swinfonl, his
thinl wife, he was, by letters patent, dated on December '2, in 1682,
the thirty-fourth year of his reign, advanced to the title of duke of
Beaufort, with remainder to the heirs male of his body.
At the funeral of Charles II. he was one of the supporters to
George, prince of Denmark, chief mourner; and, by James II. was
made lord-president of \Vales, and also lord-lieutenant of all
the above-mentioned counties; and at his coronation, carried the
(luecn's crown. In June 1685, he was made colonel of the eleventh
regiment of foot, then first raised, the conunand of which he re-
signed that year to his eldest surviving son, Charles, marquis of
\V orcester.-He exerted himself against the Duke of l\lonmouth,
in 1685; and, in 1688, endeavoured to secure Bristol against the
adherents of the Prince of Orange: upon whose elevation to the
throne, his grace refusing to take the oaths, lived in retirement till
his death, Jan. '21,1699, in the 70th year of his age. He was bu-
ried in Beaufort chapel at 'Vindsor, and a very elegant Inonument
erected over him, the inscription of which is inserted in Pote's " His-
tory of 'Vindsor," p. 381, aud Ashmole's " Berkshil'e," vol. iii. p.162;
having had by 1\1ary his wife, eldest daughter of Arthur, lord Ca-
pd, widow of Henry , lord Beauchamp, five sons, and four daughters;
his dutchess died in the eighty-fifth year of her age, Jan. 7, 1714,
and is buried at Badmington.
IIJI See the article of EDWARD SO::lIEU:5ET, marquis of \Vurccstcr, in the llltcrïcg-
num, Class Ill.

OF EN(}L.L\N D.

165

A l\tIARQUIS.

IIENRY 80MERSET, n1arquis of Worcester.
BlooteliJ1
' sc.
HENRY SOl\IEUSET, marquis and earl of 'V orccster;
robes (if the Garter,. h. sh.
HENRY, n1arquis of Worcester, (inscribed Earle).
P. 8'tcnt,. oval.

HEXRY SO:\1ERSET, &c. JV: Richardson.

He was afterward created duke of Beaufort. See the above
article.

EARLS.

CIIARLES, earl of Derby. A. BlooteliJlg'f. h.
ll.

lJle.zz'.

1"he Earl of DERBY. Lely p. ll. TO}}l]Json e.'l'c. h. she
1JlC;:Z.

CU.ARI...ES, earl of Derby; in an oval. JJZ llicIL-
ardsoJl.

CHARLES STANLEY, earl of Derby; lit "Noúle
.Authors," by Park.

Charles Stanley was son of James, earl of Derby, by his coun- Crear.cd
tess, grand-daughter to the renowned William, prince of Orange, 1,186.
flnd not inferior to her great ancestor in spirit and bravery.. In
1642, when his father joined the royal army with a large supply of

This \\a
the heroiue that defenùed Lallldlll-huuse ill the civil waf.

Created
Ijj7.

166 BIOGRAPHICAL IIISTOR í

men and money, he committed to hin1 the lieutenancy of the coun-
ties of Lancaster and Chester, with an injunction to put the king's
commission of array in execution; which he performed with reso-
Iuliol1 and dispatch, and then entered upon hostilities. This occa-
sioned a proclamation to be issued out against him by the parlia-
ment, " for murdering, killing, and destroying."* It is observable,
that this was the first proclamation of the kind, after the com-
mencement of the civil war.t He married Dorothea Helena Rupa, a
German lady; and dying the 21st. of Dec. 1672, was succerded by
his son, \Villiam; who, having no surviving issue male, the title
descended to his brother, James, the twenty-second earl 01' Derby,
and the tenth of his family.

JOSCELINE, earl of Northumberland. LeZy 1).
Browne,. h. sh. 11lCZZ.

His portrait, by Sir Peter Lely, is at Petworth.
Josceline Percy, the last earl of Northumberland of that name,
had issue by his countess, Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas, earl of
Southampton, and lord high-treasurer of England, a daughter, who
was named Elizabeth, after her mother. This great heiress was
married, first, to Henry Cavendish, earl of Ogle, son and heir to
I-Ienry, duke of Newcastle, by whom she had no child: she was
next claimed in marriage by Thomas Thynne, esg. of Longleat;
who wa
murdered before consummation: and, lastly, was married
to Charles Seymour, duke of Somerset. Josceline, her father, died
at Turin, the 21st of May, 1670. After his decease, the earlùom
of Northumberland was claimed by James Percy, a trunk-maker,
who pretended to be the next heir-male, and commenced a suit

· He was then Lord Strange.
t Charles, eighth earl of Derby, was nothing behind his father in loyalty, venturing
hi
life to restore King Charles the Second. In August, 1659, 011 Sir George Booth's
rising in Cheshire, he appe
red at the head of divers gentlemen in Lancashire; but
being dcfeated, he was taken, before the end of that month, in the h9.bit of a serving
man, and brought prisoner to London, in order to be brought to trial; but General
1\Ionk soon afLer declaring for the king he was set at liberty, and in consideration
of his own loyalty and that of his family, be was constituted lord-lieutenant of the
county of Lancashirc, aud July 30, 1660, was also constituted lord-lieutenant of tbe
county .of Chc!!t
r.

OF ENG LAND.

1G7

at Jaw in pursuance of his claim; but it was adjudgell to be ill
founded.- He was father of Anthony Percy, who was lord mayor
of Dublin in the year 1700.

The Right Honourable the I
ord Burghley, earl
of Exeter. P. Lely p. R. T01JlpSOJl e.'l'C . fondling" a
g;rc!Jlzou/ld; lz. sit. 11lCZ'Z.

The original is in the grand collection at Burghley-house, near
Stamford.
John, lord Burghley, fifth earl of Exete.., n1arried Anne, only
daughter of William, earl of Devonshire, and sister to 'Villiam, duke
of Devonshire, also widow of Charles, lord Rich, son and heir of
Charles, earl of Warwick, a lady celebrated in one of the first
poems of Mr. Prior, to whom her lord was patron; it is frOln
BUl'ghley he dates his ingenious epistle to Fleetwood Shephard
esq.
The Ead of Exeter had by her John, his son and heir; 'Villialn
Cecil, of Snape, in the county of York, esq. several times mem-
ber for Stamford, as was his brother Charles after him; and Ed-
ward, who an three died unmarried. The latter was at the siege
of Barcelona, A. D. 1706, and died there after raising the siege.
Also four daughters, Christian, Anne, and Frances, who died young;
anù Elizabeth, married to Charles Boyle, earl of Orrery in Ireland,
and baron of l\Iarston, in England.
This noble earl had a learned education, and an excellent genius,
for the improvement whereof he travelled twice to Rome, and the
polite parts of Europe; whereby no person was better adapted to
adorn the court, or fitter for the administration of public affairs.
But his lordship not taking the oaths at the revolution in 1688-9,
he lived for the most part in the country, always in great honour
and reputation; affable and pleasing to his friends, bountiful to the
poor, and a constant assertor of the religion and liberties of his
country. His lady was a faithful cOlnpanion in his travels, and was
present when he died, on August 29, 1700, in his last return frOlll
Rome, in the village of Issy, near Paris; she survived him three
years, and was buried near him, under a very magnificent and ele-
gant monument, brought mnong other exquisite works from Rome,

· See II The humble Petition of James Percy, Cousin and next Heir-l\Iale of
Josceline, &c." CoJ.

Created,
l\Iay 4,
lóO.;.

IG8 llIOGRA PIIICAL 11 1ST OR Y

and erected in the church of St. Martin's, St.amford; whereon is tllis
inscription, which farther shews how greatly they excelled in what-
ever was commendable.

H. S. E.
JOIIAXNES CECIL, bal"o de Burghley, Exoniæ comes, n1agni
Burleii abnepos haudquaquam degener. Egregiüm enim indoleul
optimus moribns optimus artibus excoluit. Humanioribus lileris
bene instructus, peregre plus vice simplici, profectus est. et ab ex-
cultis Europæ regionibus, lTIultam antiquitatum linguarum, necnon
et rerUlll civilium scientimll reportavit. Cum nemo fortè melius
vel aulam ornare, velcurare rcspublicas posset; maluit tamen otium
et secessum.
Itaque ruri suo vixit, eleganter, Sllmptuose, splendide, liberalibus
studiis oblectatus, amicis comis et jucundus, egenis largus, legum
et ecc1esiæ Anglicanæ fortis semper propugnator. Suarulll virtutum
et perigrinationum, imo fere et scientiarum, socialll habuit uxorem,
Annam ex prænohili domo de Cavendish, Gulielmi comitis.Devoniæ
filiam, corporis, forma et animi ingenio, et omnibus quæ fæminam
decere possent, dotibus insignem : E qua quimquc li
cros suscepit:
Fælix conjuge fælix et prole! sed inter omnia, vitam quæ faciunt
beatiorem, mortalitatis hand immemor, dum apud Itulos præcipua
artis opera curiosus lustrabat, hoc monumentum illic ubi exquisitis-
:5imè fieri potuit, sibi et charissimæ lecti sui, et ilerum et curarum
omnium consorti.

F. F.

Obiit iI1e,
Aug. 29, 1700.

Obit ilia
Jun. 18, 1703.

JOlIN EGERTON, earl of Bridgewater, lG80.
JJZ [''farel 1). larg'e 4to. ,}Jle:-;.
'. 'fhere is another
portrait of hinl, which belongs to the reign of ,V I L-
L I A 1\1 I I I.

John Egerton, second earl of Bridgewater, was sworn of the
]1rivy council on Feb. 13, 1666; and though he complied not wit.h
all the counsels of those times, yet he continued a privy-counsellor
the remaining part of King Charles the Second's reign, as appears
by his being again sworn in 1679, when his majesty dissolved the
old privy council, and constituted a new one; which circumstance

OF ENGLAN D.

IG9

presents us with some idea of his lordship's character as a patriot;
for if he haà not been a popular person, and one that stood up for
the liberties of the people, they would not so heartily have
acquiesced in his re-appointment, nor would the king have nomi-
nated him as one, had he not known it would be acceptable to the
public. In 1667, he was appointed to examine into the application
of the several sums of money granted to his majesty for main-
taining of the war against the Dutch; and was also, in that and
the succeeding reign, lord-lieutenant and custos rotulorum of Buck-
inghamshire, Lancashire, N orthamptonshire, and Hertfordshire,
as .also high-steward of the university of Oxford. Sir Henry
Chauncey, who was wen acquainted with his lordship, has given
us this memorial of him in his" History of Hertfordshire."
He was a learned man, delighted much in his library, and allowed
free access to all who had any concerns with him. His piety,
devotion in all acts of religion, and firmness to the established
church of England, were very exemplary; and he had all other
acc_omplishments of virtue and goodness. He was very temperate
in eating and drinking; but remarkable for hospitality to his neigh-
bours, charity to the poor, and liberality to strangers. He was
complaisant in company, spoke sparingly, but always very perti-
nently; was true t.o his word, faithful to his friend, loyal to his
prince, wary in council, strict in his justice, and punctual in an his
actions. He lies buried by his lady in the chancel of Gaddesden,
(uear his mansion-house of Ashruge) in the county of Hertford,
where, on a monument, is the following inscription:
" Here lies interred
John, earl of Bridgwater, viscount Brackley, baron of Ellesn1ere,
and one of the lords of the privy council, and lieutenant of the
counties of Bucks and Hertford, and custos rotulorum of both, to
King Charles II. and King James II. who desired no other memo-
rial of him but only this:
" That having (in the 19th year of his age) married t11e Lady Eli-
zabeth Cavendish, daughter to the then carl, since marquis, and
after t.hat duke of Newcastle, he did enjoy (almost 22 years) all
the happiness that a man could receive in the sweet society of the
best of wives, till it pleased God in the 44th year of his age to
change his great felicity into as great miserys by depriving him of
his truly loving and entirely beloved wife, who was all his worldly
bliss; after which time humbly submitting to, and waiting on the
VOL. IV. Z

I, 70 ß'I () G RAP II I C A l.. II 1ST 0 R Y

will and pleasure of the Almighty, he did sorrowfully wear out
23 years, 4 months, and 12 days, and then on the 26th day of
October, in the year of our Lord 1686, and in the 64th year- of his
own age, yielded up his' soul into the merciful hand of God who
gave it.

" Job xiii. 15,
" Though he slay me; yet I v,:ill trllst. ÙI him."

E'DWARD RICH, earl of'Varwick and Holland.
Wissing. p. SnlÏth f (1684) 'whole length,. lal'"g'e 4to.
ED'V ARD RICH, earl of \Varwick, &c. HZ Rich-
ardson.

reated
Aug. 2,
1618.

Edward Rich was son of Robert., earl of "Varwick, by Anne, his
second wife, daughter of Edward, earl of Manchester. He married
Charlotte, daughter of Sir Thomas Middleton, of the county of
Denbigh, bart.. and by her had one only child, named Edward
Henry, who succeeded him in 1791. This Edward Henry was, at
the time of his death, which- happened in 1721, lord of the bed-
chalnber to George, I. As he ùied unmarried, the earldoms of War-
wick and Holland,. with their appendages, descended to Edward,
son of Cope Rich, esq. The latter wa.s son of another Cope, fourth
son to the Earl of Holland, who was beheaded..
The widow of the Earl of Warwick, remauied, in 1716, thecele-
brated Joseph Addi-son, who died at Holland-house, near Kensing-
ton, on the 17th of July, 1719

P'HILIP STANHOPE, earl of Chesterfield; a
s1nalloval. Worlidge sc. 12JJ10. *
PHILIP, earl of Chesterfield. E. Bocquet sc. "In
.1J:femoi1"es of Granunont;" 8vo. 1809.
Created Philip, the second earl of Chesterfield, who, in the early part of
1628. ñis life, resided with his mother, in Holland, received his education

· This print was done from the original by Lely, and was intended for 1'1r. Wal-
pole's edition of the" Memoires de GraUllllont," where is much mcntion of this earl.
Lord Harrington has the picture.

o FEN G loA 1\ N D.

171

with 'ViJIiam III. when prince of Orange. He promoted t1)e rc-
storation of Charles II. who deservedly esteemed him, and in 1662,
appointed hitn lord-chamberlain to the queen.. In 1680, he was
sworn of the privy council. His other civil and military employ-
Inents, are enumerated in Collins's" Peerage." He lived tempe-
rately, and died calmly, at upwards of eighty years of age, {)n the
28th of Janum'y, 1713. He was grandfather to Philip Dormer

earl of Chesterfield. The 'character of this great man, which reflects
a lustre upon his family, naturally interests the reader in the per-
sonal history of everyone ,that has any relation to it.
His lordiship had three wives; 1st, Lady Anne Perc'y, eldest
daughter of Algernon, earl of Northumberland, by wnom he had
one son, Alge.rnon, that died in his infancy; and she dying in 1654,
his lordship married, 2dly, Lady Elizabeth Butler, daughter to
James, duke of Ormond, by whom (she dying in July 1665) he had
issue .one son, I-Ienry, that likewise died an infant; and a daughter
Elizabeth, born in 1663, -married to John Lyon, fourth earl of
Strathmore, in Scotland; 3dly, his lordship wedded Lady Eliza-
beth Dormer, eldest daughter and coheir to Charles, earl of Caer-
narvon, by whom he had two sons and two daughters. Her lady:&hip
died in 1679. The sons were, 1st, Philip, the third earl of Chester-
field; 2nd, Charles, who changed his surname to Wotton, derived
from his grandmother (enjoying the estate of the ,V ottons, by gift of
his half-uncle, Charles I{irkhoven, lord W oUon, and earl of BeIlo-
1110nt), and married Jane, daughter and cohei-r of Gilbert Thacker,
of Repton Priory, in the coun
y of D.erby., but deceased without
issue, Feb. 6, 1703-4. His lady was secondly wedded to Thomas
Stanhope, of Elvaston, esq. but had no issue by him.
Lady Mary, eldest daughtel", born in 1664, and died in January,
1703, was the first wife to Thomas Coke, esq. of l\tlelburne, in the
county of Derby.
Lady Catherine, born in 1675, was 'married to Godfrey Clark, of
Chilcot, in the county of Derby., esq. She died Dec. 3, 1728.

CHARLES BLOUNT, earl of Newport. P. v. ðo-
'IllCr; V. Grccn; lv/iole ICJif!;tlz,. 171CZ'
.

Charles, son of l\'Jontjoy, earl of Newport, succeeded his elder
brother George, but died soon after, in 1676, unll1arried. The title
became extinct by the ùeath of his brother IIcnry, in 1681.

Created
Dec. 13,
1652.

]72 ßIOGRAPIIICAL IllS TORY
JOHN, earl of Rochester. Lelg p. R. White sc.
1681; SII.
JOHN, earl of Rochester, born April, ]648, died
the 26th of July, 1680. R. White sc. 8vo. Before his
" Life," by Dr. Burnet,. 8vo.
JOHN, earl of Rochester. Vandergllcht sc.*
J 0 H N, earl of Rochester. Thos .IIill}JlJZL1:it. J. Snzitlt
fecit. Altered fro]}
Sir John CriðP.
JOHN, earl of Rochester. W. N. Gardiner sc.

JOHX, earl of Rochester. I-Iarding.
JOHN, earl of Rochester. Bocquet,. uz "Gra711-
'JlZont," 8vo. 1809.
JOHN \ViLl\IOTT, earl of Rochester; In "Noble
Authors," by JJIr. Park.
J ORN \
r I Ll\IOTT, earl of Rochester; crowning' !tis
'Jllonhey u'ith a wreath,. fro}}/; the picture 1Jlentioned in
the note,. in Harding"s " Biog'raphicallJIirrollr."
John, son of Henry Wilmot, earl of Rochester, held the first
rank of the men of wit and pleasure of his age; and he will ever be
remembered for the extreme licentiousness of his manners and his
writings. He had an elegant person, an easy address, and a quick-
ness of understanding and invention almost peculiar to himself;
and, what may now perhaps seem improbable, he had natural mo-
desty. He entereù, with blushes in his face, into the fashionable
vices of this reign; but he well knew that even these vices would
recommenù him, and only be considered as so many graces added
to his character. His strong and lively parts quickly enabled him
to go far beyond other men in his irregularities; and he soon be-
came one of the most daring profligates of his age. He was in a

· There is a porlrait of him at 'Var\\ick Caslle, crowning his nwakey wilh a
,vreath.

OF ENGLAND.

continual state of intoxication for several years together;* and the
king, who admired his sallies of wit and humour, was more de-
lighted with his company when he was drunk, than with any other
man's when he was sober. He was ever engaged in some amour
or other, and frequently with women of the lowest order, and the
vilest prostitutes of the town. He would sometimes, upon these
occasions, appear as a beggar, or a porter; and he as well knew
how to assume the character, as the dress of either. After he had
run the giddy round of his pleasures, his eyes were open to con-
viction, and he became the Christian and the penitent. His re-
pentance began with remorse and horror, but ended with hope and
consolation. See Class IX.

EDWARD, lord MOVNTAGU, earl of Sandwich.
LeZy p. Blooteling sc. collar of the Garter; h. sll.
ED'V ARD, lord MOUNTAGU, earl of Sandwich. Vertue
sc. large 8vo. copied front the ne..rt above.
ED'V ARD lVIoNTAGu, &c. E. Bocquet sc. Ill" Þlohle
Authors," by AIr. Park.
Earl of SANU'VICII. W. N. Gardiner sc. 4to.

ED'V ARD, earl of Sandwich; leaning" on a canJlon;
1Jzez;z. DUJllcartoll.

There is a portrait of him by Lely, at Chiswick.
The Earl of Sandwich, who shone in his public character as the
general, the admiral, and the statesman, was in private, among his
friends, the open, the candid, and benevolent man. He served
Oliver, whom he regarded as his sovereign, with the same fidelity
as he served Charles II. ; but he could not transfer his allegiance to
Richard, who he knew was born for a much humbler station than
that of governor of a kingdom. He commanded the fleet that
brought over the king at the restoration, and was his proxy when
he married the infanta. His counsels did honour to the cabinet,
.. which he never disgraced but once; and that was by advising the
Dutch war, in which he lost his life. In the battle of Southwold

.. II Life," by EUfllct, p. 12.

173

Created
JllJ.v 12 ,
1660.

174: ß ,I 'OG 11
\ P II IC.A L II 1ST 0 R Y

Day, aftel' he 'had by his conduct rescued a great part of the fleet
from the most imminent danger, and given at the same time the
most astonishing proofs of his bravery, his ship was surrounded
with flames. He thereupon leaped into the sea, where he unfor-
tunately perished, on the 28th of May, 1672. Several of his letters
and negotiations are in print. Mr. Evelyn informs us, that he some-
times amused himself with engraving..
Some have been of opinion, that this valiant Earl of Sandwich
could not easily have avoided being taken, had he gone into the
long-boat; and tbat he supposed his being carried, as it were in
triumph, into H,olland, might be a lessening to his own or his coun-
try's honour.-'Vhen he saw Sir Joseph Jordan (who might have
relieved him) sail past him, he declared to those about him, that,
if they were not relieved, they must fight it out to the last man;
and some have imagined, that after such a declaration, he thought
himself engaged to be the last man himself.
'Vhatever his reason was for sacrificing his life, he was so far
fron1 seeming desirous to part with it any sooner than his honour
or his duty obliged him, that he used 'his utmost endeavonrs to save
the ship; but when the fire had taken hold of her t.o such a degree
that no hopes remained of saving her, he ordered llis first captain,
Sir Richarù Haddock, and the rest of the officers, and even his own
servants, to use their best endeavours to save themselves, and to
take no care of him; so that he Temained in the ship alone.
Gerard Brandt (a Dutchman), whose partiality often carrjest1im
beyond the truth in favour of his own countrymen, acknowledges,
in his life of De H.uyter, that the squadron of Van Ghent entering
into the action, several men .of war fell upon the earl; that, however,
he continued to maintain himself, and give .the last proofs of an un-
fortunate valour till noon, when a fire-ship took hold of his ship.-
" Such (S:lYs Brandt) was the end of this earl, who was vice-admiral
of England, valiant, intelligent, prudent, civil, obliging in his words
and deeds; who had performed great services to his king, not only
in war, but also in affairs of state and in his embassies."
John, duke of Buckingham, who was present in this action, dlen
a declared friend to the Duke ofY ork, and never of that party which
the earl was supposed to favour, during the who]e course of his life,
writes of him in these words: "Yet the enemy had no success to
boast of, except the burning our Royal James; which, having on

iIt CI Sl:ulptura," thirù eùit. 1'.)1.1.

o VEl\'" G L A
D.

Ji5

bom'd her not only a thousand of our best men, but the Earl of
Sandwich himself, vice-admiral of England, was enough almost to
style it a victory on their side; since his merit, as to sea atT.1Ïrs,
was most extraordinary in all kinds."
Bishop Parker, who was as zealously of the Duke of York's party,
writes thus in his History of his Own Times: "Sandwich having
sadly shattered seven of their ships, and beat off three fire-ships,
at length, being overpowered with numbers, fell a sacrifice for his
country. A gent1enlan adorned with all the virtues of Alcibiades,
and untainted by any of his vices; of high birth, capable of any
business, full of wisdom, a great commander at sea and land, anù
also learned and eloquent, affable, liberal, and magnificent."
It was supposed by many, but unjustly, that the Duke of York
did not support him as he 111ight have rloue towards the beginning
of the action; and agreed by all, that Sir Joseph Jordan, the earl's
vice-admira1, might have disengaged him. Nevertheless, the loss
of the earl occasioned great reflections on the duke; and, in the
parliament which met at Westminster in October, 1680, when the
excIusion.bill was in debate, some members, actuated. by party rage,
openly charged him in the House of Commons with the loss of the
Earl of Sandwich.

ED'\V ARD, lord MONTAGU, viscount Hinch-
ïogbrook, baron of St. N eot's, earl of Sand \vich.
Lei!} }J. BlooteliJ1{!; sc. half ICJlg,th,. h. .sh. lïlis }Jrint
has been lJzistakeJl for the ]Jol'trait of the first earl, who}]/'
it 'resc17zbles.

ED'" ARD MONTAGU, &c. a circle,. 1Jzezz. P. LeZy;
'rare.
Edward, second earl of Sandwich, son of the former, succeeded
his father in his honours and estate. He died in February, 1688-9,
in t.he prime of life. He married Anne, fourth daughter of Richard
Boyle, earl of Burlington, by whom he had two sons and a daugh-
ter, who survived him..
There is a print, inscribed, "Edvardo l\Iontague,
Conte di Sand\vich," &c. but it is tútally unlike botll the
father and the SOl1.

Created
20 April,
lG61.

176 ßIOGRAPIIICAL IllS TORY
ARTHUR, earl of Essex. Lely p. Lutterelf. 4to.
'I Jl e::. :::; .

Le Compte d'EsSEX. Lel!J p. B. Picart sc. dire
ARTHUR, earl of ESSEX, n1urdered July the 13th,
1683.
"1avage sc. In a larg'e half sheet, 'Lvith seven others.
ARTHUR, earl of Essex. V. Hove, to an account of
his murder; 1690.

Arthur Capel, earl of Bssex, was son of Arthur, lord Capel, who
was beheaded. He was a man of resolution and ability, and gained
great reputation by asserting the honour of the British flag, when
he was sent to Denmark. His spirited behaviour on this occasion
recomlnended him greatly to the king, who, on his return, made
him a privy-counsellor, and appointed him lord-lieutenant of Ire-
land. He acted with singular prudence and integrity in the
government of a country which had not perfectly recovered its
stability, after the shocks and convulsions of a civil war, and where
petty factions and jarring interests continually called for the
exertion of his abilities. He was particularly careful to exculpate
his character from false accusations, saying, that he "would rather
suffer himself to be made a pack-horse, than bear other men's
faults.". He was afterward one of the leading members of the
House of Lorrts; and was, upon the disgrace of the Lord-treasurer
Danby, of whom he was an avowed opponent, appointed one of
the new privy council, and first commissioner of the Treasury.
Ahout this time, the n
tion was as much intoxicated with faction,
as it had been with loyalty at the restoration; and he was named
as one of the accomplices in the Meal-Tub Plot. Upon this he
threw up his place in disgust, and sided with the Duke of IVlon-
mouth and the Earl of Shaftesbury, though he was one of the prin-
cipal persons who had contributed to theil' disgrace. He was after-
ward accused as one of the conspirators in the Rye-House Plot,
and committed to t.he Tower. He was found there not long after,
with his throat cut in the' most horrid manner. As he had been an
advocate for suicide, and was subject to the spleen,t it was sup-
posed by some that he had laid violent hands upon himself: others,

. See his II Letters," p. 215.

t Burnet. .

o 1" EN G I
...\ N D.

177

with less probability, supposed that he was 111urdercd hy his own
sef\'ant; anu others, with least of al1, that he was killed by an
a:;sassin sent by the Duke of York: who, together with the king,
was seen at the Tower the same nlorning on which the nlurder was
perpetrated. Ob. J 3 Juìy, 1683.*
Ðishop Burnet recites, that a party of horse was sent to bring hÍln
up f!"Oln his seat in Hertfordshire, where he had been for some time,
and seemed so little apprehensive of danger, that his lady did not
imagine he had any concern on his mind. He was offered to be
conveyed away, but he would not stir. His tenderness for Lord
Russell was the cause of this ; thinking his absconding Inight incline
ihe jury to believe the evidence the more.
Sir Henry Chauncy, in his History of I-Iertfordshire, says, he was
a person of an agreeable stature, slender in body, adorned with a
comely countenance, mixed váth gravity and sweetness, and was
easy of access: his mind was sedate, but his discourses were gene-
rally fl'ee and pleasant, and his demeanour very complaisant; his
promises were real and sincere; his reprimands smart and inge-
nious, having a quick apprehension, good elocution, sound judg-
ment, great courage, and resolution unalterable; he was always
wary and circumspect in council, where he endeavoured to obstruct
all arbitrary power, and the increase of the Popish interest, having
a particular regard for the established religion of his country; he
was very temperate in his diet, strict in his jusÛce, tendff of his
honour, and constant to his friend; he delighted much in bis library,
which enabled him to speak on all occasions wit.h great applause,

· See more of him in hi
H J.ctters," with his life prefixed, published in a quarfo
volume,1770. These" Letters" are written in the plain and clear style of iln expert
and able man of business. It should be observed, that the above character is coin-
cident with that given by Bishop Burnet, and should be admitted with caution,
particularly in what relates to his death. His bilJgrapher endeavours to invalidate
the charge of suicide brought against him, telling us, that, "he was a nobleman of
most virtuous and religious principles, and of the greatest sed
leness of mind."t
He SâJS, that II it was then, and hath since been thought, that he was murdered by
Paul Romcney, a French servant, who attended him."t IIe m1ds, that BOI11C'ncy'
was strongly suspected to have been prompted to this act by the Earl of Suther-
land and Lord Fcversham, and by the contri\'ancc and directiori of the Duke: t1Jat
13omcncy, in consequence of this
uspicion, was dismissed from the Earl's family,
and H thereupon cherished and cntertained by the court, and madc onc of the life-
gnards."9

t " Life," p. xiii. noles,
VOL. IV.

Ibi,i. p.
i.
2 \

Ibid. p. xv. note!.

liS llIOGRAPIIICAL IIISTORY

and would spend his vacant hours in the viewing of records, and
learning of the mathematics. These were his diversions, together
with recreating himself in his fine gardens and pleasant groves at
Cashiobury, which were of his own plantation.
The Earl of Essex married Elizabeth, daughter of Algernon Pcrcy

earl of Northumberland; which lady was interred in the vau1t of
the family in 'Vatford church, near her husband, Feb. 5, 1717-18.
They had issue six sons, Algernon, Charles, Arthur, Henry, Alger-
non, and Arthur; also two daughters, Elizabeth and Anne: whereof
only the last Algernon and Anne lived to maturity. The said Anne
was married to Charles Howard, third earl of Carlisle; she died his
widow, Oct. 14, 1752, aged 78, and was buried at 'Vatford.

ROBERT SPENCER, earl of Sunderland; fro]}!;
an original picture by Carlo lIIarratti:}' in the collection
of Earl Spencer. III the "Royal and Noble Authors,"
by Par/i.

Robert, the only son aud heir of Henry, first earl of Sunderland,
by Dorothy Sidney, the Sacharissa of 'V aller, possessed a manly
disposition and ready parts. Having travelled abroad, he was ap-
pointed ambassador extraordinary to the court of Spain, and after-
ward created secretary of state along with Sir 'Villiam Temple.
Soon after the accession of James the Second, he was made presi-
dent of the council, and one of the commissioners for ecclesiastical
affairs, in which office he is said to have made a !Üep to popery,
without any previous instructions; so that the change looked Iíke
that of a man who, having no religion, took up one rather to serve a
turn, than because he was truly a conve-rt. He was afterward in
great favour with \Villiam III. and gained such an ascendancy over
the king, that he brought him to agree to some things, which few
expected be would have yielded to; but falling subsequently into
SOlne discredit at court, for his supposed opposition to a standing
army, he resigned, and retired to his seat at Althorpe. Ob. 1702..
See" Royal anù Noble Authors," by Park.

ARTHUR ANNESLEY, earl of Anglesey. Bocqllet
sc. Frolll a drazciJlg; in the collection of R. Bull, Esq.
in " Royal and l\Toblc Authors," by lJI1'. Park.

OF ENGLAND.

170

ARTHUR ANNEsLEv, earl of Anglesey; a slJlall oval.
Tlzane e..1/c.

ARTHUR ANNESLEY, earl of Anglesey.
-sc. 81)0.

HardiJlo'
b

Arthur Annesley, was, in 1661, created by Charles II. an English
peer, by the titles of Baron Annesley, and Ear1 of Anglesey. He
was remarkable for his loyalty to that prince, to whom he strictly
adhered during the time of his exile; and upon all occasions en-
deavoured to promote his interest at the hazard of his own life and
fortune; wherefore the honours he obtained from his majesty after
the restoration, it may be presumed, were duly merited by his ser-
vices.* He was treasurer of the navy, a commissioner for settling
the Irish affairs, lord privy-seal, and might, we are informed, have
been prime luinistel', if he had not declined it to avoid envy. As
he dec1ined no other power, under no kind of government, this anec-
dote seems suspicious, and we should much question, whether any
D1an declined being prime minister for that reason.
This nobleman is famous for a controversy with James Tucbet,
earl of Castlehaven; but drawing on another with the Duke of
Ormond, he was disgraced; though the- author of his life, in the
Biographia Britannica, ascribes the cause of his fall to a remon-
strance which he presented to the king; wherein he took too n1uch
liberty with his majesty, and greater with the religion of the Duke
of York.
He is mentioned by 'Valpole, in the" Noble Authors," as having
made various publications, and is imagined to have dig-ested 'Vhit-
lock's Memoirs. He passed the latter part of his time in retire-
Inent; and died at his house in Drury-lane, in 1636, just as some
thought he would have been appointed lord-chancellor to King
James II.
By Elizabeth his wife, daughter and coheir of Sir James A1tham,
of the county of I-Iertford, knight, he had surviving five sons:
James Altham, who was created an Irish peer, by the title of Baron

· 'Vhile a private young man be was eng
gerl on the side of Charlcs I. whose
party he quitted for that of the parliament. 'V ood sa)'s, he took both the coYcnant
and engagement; but the lattcr is contradicted in the Biographia Hritaullica.
C'crtain, howevcl', it is, tha.t durin,; the protectorate of Cronmdl, he was 110t lrush:ù
by the rump or the army

Crealccl
April 20,
16û1.

180

lil 0 G It .A P II I C A L II 1ST 0 R Y

Altham, with limitation of that honour to his younger brothers,
Richard, Arthur, and Charles, anno 1680. Also six daughters,
whereof Dorothy married llichard, earl of Tyrone; Elizabeth, to
Alexander M'Donnel, second son to the Earl of Antrim; Frances,
first to \Villiam \Vyndham, of Felbrigge, esquire; and secondly,
John Thompson, lord Haversham; Philippa, first to Charles, lord
l\Iohun; and secondly, Thomas Coward, esquire, serjeant at law;
Anne to - Baker, esquire; and Bridget, who died young.

CHARLES, earl of Carlisle. I/aithornc f. 8vo.

ClI ARLES, earl of Carlisle; in GuilliJlz"'s
' Heraldry;"
Blvoleling.

Charles I-Ioward, earl of Carlisle, had a considerable share ill
the Restoration; and was, in his capacity of a public minister, well
qualifiet\ to do honour to the king his master, anù himself. In
16G3, he was sent amhassador to the czar of lUuscovy, to recover
the privileges of the Russian company. I-Ie met with no success
in this embassy; but, on the contrary, was treated with disregard,
and even indignity, which he resented with a proper spirit. lIe
afterward went in quality of ambassador to Sweden and Denmark,
to cultivate the alliance with these kingdoms. There is an account
of the three elnbassies in print, with the earl's portrait prefixed..
This book contains 111any curious renlarks upon the C0 1 U1tries
through w'hich he passed. * He was afterwards appointed governor
of Jamaica. He died, according to I-Ieylin, in 168'-1; according to
others, in 1686.
He was interred in the Ininster of the cathedral at York; where,
On a monumental pillar of white marble, under his effigies, is the
following inscription:
" Near this place is interred
Charles I-Ioward, Earl of Cp..rlisle,
Viscount Morpeth, Baron Dacres of Gillesland,
Lord-lieutenant of Cumberland. and 'Vestmorland,
Vice-Admiral of the coasts of N orthumberlanù,
Cumberland, Bishoprick of Durham, town and
County of Newcastle, and. 111aritime parts adjacent,

ill It is ft'prillted in Harris"s " \Tuyagcs."

OF

:NGLAND.

181

Governor of Jamaica, Privy-counsellor
To !{ing Charles the Second, and his Ambassador
Extraordinary to the Czar of Muscovy,
And the I{ings of Sweden and Denmark,
In the years l\lDCLXIII and MDCLXIV;
'Vhose effigies is placed at .!he top of this monument.
lIe was not more distinguished by the
Nobility and antiquity of his family,
Than he was by the sweetness and affability
Of a natural charn1ing telllper,
Which being improved by the peculiar
Orname
t of solid greatness,
Courage, J uSlice, generosity, anù a public spirit,
Made him a great bessing
To the age and nation wherein he lived.
In business he was sagacious and diligent,
And in war circumspect, steady, and intrepid.
In council, wise and penetrating.
And though his character nlay secure hinl
A place in the annals of fame,
Yet the filial piety of a daughter*'
lVlay be allowed to dedicate
This n10numental pillar to his memory,
Obi it xxiv. Feb. 1 G84, Ætat. 56."
His lordship Inarried Anne, daught.er to Edward, lord Howard,
of Escrick, who, surviving' him, died in December 1696, having
had three sons, Edward, who succeeded as second Earl of Carlisle,
Frederick Christian, who was born at Copenhagen, in Denmark,
Nov. 5, ] 664; and being slain at the siege of LuxCluburgh, was
buried in \Vestminster-abbey; and Charles, who died young: also
three daughters, Laùy Mary, who died Oct. 27, 1708, and wag
buried in York l\1:inster, married to Sir John Fenwick, of \Vallington,
in the county of Northumberland, bart.; Lady Anne, to Sir Richard
Graham, of Netherby, in the county of Cumberland, I.>art. afterward
Viscount Preston, of the kingdom of Scotland; and Catherine, who
was buried in 'Vestminstcr-abbey Oct. 11, 1684, unluarricù.

'VILLIA1Vf, earl of Craven; ill ar17l0ur; lon
'
vig' ;
half lcngth. III Gliillinz's " Ilerallb
lf;" fol.

.. Lady
I(lI'y Fen\\ it:k.

Created
l\Iarch 16,
1661<.

182 ß lOG R 1\ I) II 1 C A J.J II 1ST 0 H. Y

The Earl of Craven was colonel of the Coldstream regiment or
foot-guards, anù one of the privy-council to Charles II. He is said
to have been secretly married to the queen of Bohemia, the king's
aunt. I t is certain that he was much in her favour and confidence.
The Duke of Albemarle and this lord continued in l..ondon, and
prevented much mischief during the pestilence.
Having been a great sufferer in the royal cause, King Charles
the Second, on his restoration, taking into consideration his losses
in his service, created him an earl, and in 1670, on the death of
George, duke of Albemarle, constituted him colonel of the regi-
ment of foot-guards, called the Coldstream regiment; likewise lord-
lieutenant of the county of Middlesex, and of the borough of 80uth-
wark; and June 30, 1660, custos rotulorum of Berkshire. He
was also high-steward of the university of Cambridge, one of the
governors of tIle Charter-house, and one of the lords proprietors
of the province of Carolina in North America.
The Earl of Craven continued in the esteem of King Charles II.
during the whole course of his reign; and Elizabeth, Queen of Bo-
hemia, the King's aunt, committed all her affairs to his lordship.
'Vhen King James II. came to the crown, his lordship attended at
his coronation, April 23, 1685, and for some time was in his favour,
and was sworn of his privy-council; but at length having intimation,
that the king would be pleased with the resignation of hi3 com-
mission, he said, "If they took away his regiment, they had as
good take away his life, since he had nothing else to divert himself
with." Upon which he was allowed to keep the regiment.
But on King William's accession to the crown, the earl's said
regiment was bestowed on General Thomas Talmash; and John
lIollcs, earl of Clare, afterward Duke of Newcastle, was consti-
tuted lord-lieutenant of the county of l\liddlesex. However, his
lordship, to the time of his death, though divested of every office
dependant on the crown, was ever ready to serve the public, and
was particularly famous for giving directions in extinguishing fires
in the city of London and suburbs; of which he had so early in-
telligence, and was so reaùy to assist with his presence, that it
became a comillon saying, u His horse smelt a fire as soon as it
l1appened."
The Earl of Craven, in his younger days, was one of the most
accomplished gentlemen in Europe; a useful subject, charitable,
abstemious as to himself, generous to others, familiar in hi
con-
ycr8ation, and univcr
ally Ldo\"cd. He dicd u111narricd, April 9

,

OF ENGLAND.

183

1697, aged 88 years and 10 months, and was buried at Binley,
near Coventry, April 20, following.
'Vhereupon the dignity of Lord Craven of Hampst.ed 1\larshall,
according to the entail, devolved on \Villiarn, son and heir of Sir
'\Villialn Craven; which Sir \Villiam Craven, born August 26, 1638,
was the elùest son and heir of Sir Thomas Craven, of Appletree-
wick, in Craven, brother to Sir \Villiam Craven of Lenchwike, and
Sir Anthony Craven, sons of Robert Craven of Appletree-wick, son
and heir of Henry Craven of the same place, elder brother of Wil-
limn Craven, grandfather of , Villi am, earl of Craven.

RICHARD SACKVILLE, fifth earl of Dorset.
Bocquet sc. In the "Royal and lVoble Authors," hy
Park.

Richard, fifth earl of Dorset, born in Dorset-house, Sept. 16,
1622, and was elected for the borough of East-Grinsted to that par-
liament begun at 'Vestminster, November 3, 1640, bearing the title
of Lord Buckhurst, and was in the list of those who were reproached
for being Straffordians, being one of the fifty-nine who voted ag"ainst
the attainder of the Earl of Strafford. His lordship succeeded his
father in 1652, and on the meeting of the House of Lords, in 1660
(after being laid aside by Cromwell), the Earl of Dorset was ad-
mitted, with other noble peers, who having succeeded t.o the honours
of their fathers, had never sat in the house. I-Ie was before this in
credit with other nobles, who meant to restore the royal family,
monarchy, and episcopacy; and, on taking his place in the house,
was at the head of all affairs in that critical time, when the Lords
concurred with Generall\lonk, and had a great share in the happy
seUlenlent of the kingdom. On their first assembling, they sent a
message to the general, "That they would employ their councilg
and utmost endeavours with him, for the procuring a safe and well-
gr{}unded peace."
April 26, 1660, the Earl of Dorset was one of the peers ap-
pointed to frame an ordinance, for constituting a committee of
safety of both houses, and report the same to the house. The day
after, they ordered a conference with the l-Iouse of Commons, to
consider of some ,{L'ays and mcans to make up the breacl,cs alld distrac-
tions of the kingdom; and, appointing a committee to consider of the
privileges of their own house1- the Earl of Dorset was chosen chair-
roan of that committee.

ISL! ß lOG ILAPJI I C A L II 1ST 0 R 'Y

On l\Iay 1, they ordered the Earl of Dorset and five other lords,
or any four, to n1eet every Saturday in the afternoon, as a eOlU-
mittee to peruse and perfect the journal-book of their house, once
a-week. And it appears by the journals, that the Earl of Dorset
was also chairman for settling the militia; and chairman of the
committee for the king':; reception, and of several other committees.
On .l\1ay
2, it was ordered, t1
at the statues of the late king's majesty
be again set up in all the places from whence the Saine were pulled
clown, and that the arms of the cOlnmonwealth be demolished
wherever they are, and the king's arms set up in their room; and
that the king's majesty be publicly prayed for by all ministers in
their churches; and that some place be considered of, where
General Monk's statue shall be set up. All which particulars were
referred to the committee of privileges (whereof the Earl of Dorset
was chairman), to consider and make report to the house. On
IVlay 4, the Earl of Dorset reported from the Lords the judgment
given in the house against the Earl of Northampton, and others,
in July, 1642; on which it was ordered, that tbe Earl of Lincoln,
the Earl of Dorset, the Viscount Say and Sele, and the Lord Craven,
do presently meet, and draw up an order to repel the said judg-
ment, and report the same to the house presently; and the Lord
Chief-baron 'Vild to assist their lordships. Thereupon the same
day the Earl of Dorset reported the draught of an order, concern-
ing the nine impeached lords, which was read, and approved of by
the house as follows.
"\Yhereas upon Wednesday the 20th of July, 1642, it was by
the Lords, then assembled in parliament, awarded and adjudged in
these woras following: That is to say, that Spencer, earl of North-
ampton; 'Villiam, earl of Devonshire; I-Ienry, earl of Dover;
I-Ienry, earl of
Ionmouth; Charles, lord Howard of Charlton;
Robert, lord Rich; Charles, lord Grey of Ruthen; Thomas, lord
Coventry, and Arthur, lQrd Capel, shall not sit and vote in thè
Lords' house, during this present parliament. 2. That they shall
nnt enjoy the privilege of parliament. 3. That they shall stand
committed to the Tower, during the pleasure of this house, with
other Jnatters therein contained, as by the said judgment and award
remaining on record may appear. Now J.lpon serious debates and
considerations, had by the Lords now assembled in parliament, of
the said judgment or award, and of the nlatters and things therein
contained; they do declare, ordain, and adjudge the said judgment
or award, and every matter therein, shall be repealed, annulled,
and made void, &c.

OF ENGLA
I).

IS;}

On l\1ay 8, they appointed a committee to consider of all things
for the reception of the king, in such a manner as luay be 1110st for
his honour and expedition of his coming, of which the Earl of
Dorset was chosen chainnan; and sent a message to the Com-
nlons to join a proportionate number of their House to them, to meet
and agree, in what manner his majesty's reception in England 111ay
be most for his honour. The next day the Earl of Dorset reported
frolll the committee of privileges, "That their lordships think fit
for the peers of this kingdom, to assess themselves with horse and
arms for the militia, and not to be rated and assessed by the com-
l11issioners of the county," which was accordingly ordered by the
house. The same day he reported from another committee, all,
()/,dÙwnce jùr constituting a committee if both houses of parliament, for
'1JlfJ/wgiJ1g the great ailairs of the kingdnm, and settling tIle militia JÒ"
the safety tllereuf, which was read twice and recomn1itted. Also a
{'ommittee being then appointed to receive information where any of
the king-'s gooùs, jewels, or pictures are, and to advise of some
course how the san1e may be restored to his majesty, he was chosen
chairman thereof: and on the 12th of May, ordered that all persons
possessed of any of the king's goods, jewels, or pictures, shal
bring
them in to the committee within seven days, on forfeiture of all such
goods, &c. and that this order be forthwith printed and published.
l\Iay 15, the Earl of Dorset reported from the committee, for the
king's reception, " That they yesterday had before them several of
the king's servants, and Sir Robert Fenn, and Sir Henry ,V ood,
clerk of the green-cloth, 1\1r. l{ennersley, of the wardrobe; 1\1r.
Armory, of the stable, and LVIr. Jackson, clerk of the kitchen, gave
in their estimates, viz.
:E. s. d.
For necessaries for the king's present reception, as } 2000 0 0
sil ver plates of all sorts and sizes . . . .
For table-linen of all sorts . 300 0 0
For a week's diet, at 501. per dien1 . 350 0 0
For coaches and stables 2950 0 0
For furnishing his luajesty's bed-chamber . 1801 ] 9 0
For repairing the mews . \ 1000 0 0
:Somerset-house estimated at . . 500 0 0
The crown and sceptre, besiùes robes 900 0 0

In all

!14,501 19 0

\Vhich report was cOl1firn1cd.
\' () L. I ,. . 2 n

186 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY

l\Iay the 29th, the Lords went, as a house, to wait on his majesty
at Whitehall; and the next day the Earl of l\1anchester, the
Speaker, acquainting them, that the Duke of York, and the Duke of
Gloucester, commanded hiln to return thanks for their lordships'
civility to th
m, and to sigl
ify their desire to come and sit in the
house as n1embers: and that places may be proviùed for them,
the Earl of N orthumberlalld, the Earl of Dorset, and the Earl of
Bridgewater, were named to attend immediately his majesty, and
acquaint him, that there being no precedents that shew where
their proper places are, they desire his n1ajesty will please to
consult with what persons he pleases herein, and then to deter-
mine the place himself; and their lordships were to acquaint
the Duke of York and the Duke of Gloucester with his majesty's
answer.
'Vhereupon, on their return, the Earl of Northumberland re-
ported, "That his majesty said, he conceived that the seat on the
right hand of the state, where the king of Scots anciently used to
sit, will be of no more use now, seeing that title is involved in his
majesty. And his majesty said, he himself sat in that seat as Prince
of 'Vales, therefore desired that place Inay be reserved for the
Prince of 'Vales, and that the seats on the left-hand of the state
D1ay be fitted up speedily for his brothers, the Duke of York and
Duke of Gloucester. And accordingly the I-louse gave directions
. to have it done."
July 30, 1660, he was, jointly' with Thomas earl of Berkshire,
constituted lord-lieutenant of l\Iiddlesex, and city of 'Vestrninstcr ;
and in October, the same year, he was commissioned with other
lorùs, for the trials of the regicides of King Charles I. At the
coronation of Charles II. April 23, 1661, he was appointed sewer of
England for that day, and had the Earl of Chesterfield his assistant.
On November 3, 1661, he was admitted, with 11is Royal Highness
the Duke of York, into the Society of the Inner Temple.
On July 15,. 1670,. he. was constituted jointly with Charles, lord
Buckhurst, his son, lord-lieutenant of the county of Sussex, and
custos rotulorum thereof. The Earl of Dorset died August 27,
1677. In hi
priva,te capacity,.he was an indulgent husband, a
tcnder father, and a generous friend.
He had to wife. th
Lady Frances, daughter to Lionel Cranfield,
first earl of lHiddlesex, and at length heir to Lionel, third earl of
1\1iddlesex, her brother. By this lady he had issue seven sons, and
six daughters: 1. Charles, who succeeded him in his honours and

OF E
GLA.ND.

estates; 2. Edward, who was born April 2, 1641, and died un-
married in the year 1678; 3. Lionel, born June 25, 1645, and died
July 21, following; 4. Richard, born April 30, 1646, and died in
the year 1712; 5. a second Lionel, born Oct. 25, 1656, and died
young; 6. Cranfield, born Dec. 18, 1660, and died Jan. 1, foI1ow-
ing; 7. Thomas, born Feb. 3, 1662, and died Aug. 14, 1675.. The
six daughters were, the Ladies Elizabeth, Anne, and Catharine,
who an died young; Lady lVlary, born Feb. 4, 1646, married Roger
Boyle, lord Broghill, son and heir of Roger, first earl of Orrery;
Lady Anne, born June 7, 1650, married Alexander, fourth earl of
Hume, in Scotland; Lady Frances, born Feb. 6, 1655, married
Dec. 11, 1683, Sir George Lane, of Tuske, in the county of Ros-
common, knt. and bart. and then principal secretary of stat-e, and of
the privy council to Charles II. in Ireland, and afterward created
Lord Viscount Lanesborough.

Don CARLO, earl of Plymouth. J.
1J}zitlz e"l'c. h. slz.

tlzez.':-' .

Charles Fitzroy, earl of Plymouth, conlffionly called Don Carlos,
wa3 a natural son of Charles II. by Mrs. Catherine Peg,- daughter
of Thomas Peg, of the county of Derby, esq. This young noble-
nIan, who inherited his mother's beauty, died at Tangier, Oct. ] 7,
1680. He married Bridget, daughter of the lord-treasurer Danby,
who was afterwards married to Dr. Bisse, late bishop of Hereford.

CHARLES BEAUCLAIRE, earl of Burford; and
JAMES, lord BEA UCLAIRE, his brother. White sc.
whole lengths; h. sh. In Guil/inz's " Heraldry;" fol.

There are two úeallt{ful anonYllZOllS prh
ts, eng'l"aved
by A. Blooteling', oftlzese brothel"s; the elder is in a hon-
net; the younger, in a cap and feather. The authenticity
of these heads hatlt been questioned; but upon a strict
e.l'a71tiJlation, I have no doubt concerning' tlzenl.

'" She is sometimes called Green, as she afterward marricd Sir Eduard Grecn,
of Essex, baronet. See" Fa:!t, 01!.011." ii. col. 1.
3.

187

Created
July 29,
1615.

Created
Dec, 27,
1676.

188

ill OGllAPIII C_\ L II 1 ST OR Y

The Earl of Burford and Lord Beauc1aire were natural sons of
Charles II. by 1\lrs. Gwynn. There is a picture of lVIrs. Gwynn
and her two sons at \Velbeck. It is said, that before the Duke of
St. Alban's \vas ennobled, his mother, calling to him in the king's
presence, said, " Corne hither, you little bastard :" which the king
in a gentle manner reproved her for: she told him that she had no
better name to call him by. He was soon after cr
ated Baron of
I-Icdingtol1, and Earl of Burford, both in the county of Oxford; and
to the heirs male of hig body, with remainder, for default of such
issue to his brother James, lord Beauclaire, and the heirs male
of his body; which James died in France, about Michaelmas, in
the year 1680, unmarried. Charles, ead of Burford, was also farther
advanced to the dignity of duke of St. Alban's, by letters patent
dated .Jan. 10, ] 683-4, and was constituted registrar of the high
court of chancery, as also master-falconer of England, with re-
mainder to the heirs n1ale of his body.
In the reign of James II. his grace had a regiment of horse;
which, being under the command of his lieutenant-colonel, Lang-
8ton, was among the first that went over to the Prince of Orange,
on his landing in the \Vest. His grace at that time was with the
emperor's army in Hungary, having been at the siege of Belgrade,
w here he gained great honour in the general assault, on Septem-
ber 6, 1688. Being of full age, he was introduced into the House
of Peers, Sèpt. 26, 1692, and the year after made the campaign
under King 'Villiam, arriving in the camp at Park, near Louvain,
in June, 1693. Returning with King '\Villiam into England, he
was sworn captain of the band of pension
rs, Nov. 30, 1693, and
served in the campaign of 1695.
In 1697, the King of France acquainting }}is majesty with the
Duke of TIurgundy's marriage, be was pleased at Kensington,
Dec. 2], to appoint his grace, then one of the lords of the bed-
chamber, to return the compliment of the French King and the
Dauphin.
Queen Anne continued his grace captain of the band of pen-
sioners, and, at the head of them, he closed the procession, Sept. 7,
1704, on her majesty's going to St. Paul's on the thanksgiving-day
for the glorious victory obtained at Blenheim, or Hockstet, on
August 13, that year. 0 n the change of the ministry, in 1710, his
grace resigned his place of captain of the band of pensioners; but
G
orge 1. on his accession to the throne, re-instated him in that
po
t; aud constituted him. Nov. 12, 1714, lord.lieutenant, and

o Ii' EN G J
1\ X D.

ISD

custos rotulorum of Berkshire; and l\Iarch 31, ] 7 I 8, he was
elected one of the knights companions of the most noble order of
tl1é G:ntel', and installed at Winùsor, on April 30, following.
The Duke of St.Alban's died May 11, 1726, in the fifty-sixth
year of his age; at which time, besides the offices before mentioned,
he enjoyed those of high-steward of 'Vindsor and Oakingham, in
Berkshire. He married April 13, 1694, the Lady Diana Vere,
daughter, and at length, sole heir of Aubrey de Vere, the twentieth
and last earl of Oxford, of that noble family, whereof Alberick,
their direct ancestor, is mentioned in doomsday-book to be an
earl in the reign of King Edward the Confessor. She was first lady
of the bed-chamber, and lady of the stole, to Queen Caroline,
when princess of 'Vales. His grace by her (who survived him till
Jan. 15, 1741-2) left eight sons, of whom Charles, the eldest, suc

ceeded his grace as second duke of St. Alban's.

ROBERT, earl of Yarl11outh, &c. lord-lieutenant
and vice-adnliral of the county of Norfolk. P. J1ltll-
drcbanc sc. large sh.

This print gives a just idea of his person, which, in the latter part
of his life, was un\vieldly from immoderate fatness, to which his
father was much inclined.

ROBERT, earl of Yarnlouth. E. Lllttcrel p. Lloyd
e.t'c. 1682; 'llzez,z.

IlollERT, earl of YarlTIouth; copied frolJl 1 T aJldrc-
banco B. lleadiJlg sc. 81:0.

Robert, earl of Yarmouth, son of Sir '\"ïHiam Paston, of Oxncad,
in Norfolk, by Catharine, daughter of Robert Bertie, ear] of Lind-
sey, possessed many virtues as well as ornamental anù amiable
qualities, and was one of tbe most learned and polite among the
nobility. He was so zealous a cavalier, that he, in his father's life-
time, distressed himself to supply Charles II. with money in his
exile. He was so devoted to the court, that he was threatened ,vith
an impeachment by the popular party, though they had nothin;
material to lay to his charge, and no man was was more capable
of defending himself to advantage. About cight years Leforc his

Created
J lIl."

)O.
1679.

190 BIOGltAPIIICAL JIISTOR Y

death, he was attacked by several ruffians, who shot five bullets
into his coach, and one into his body. He had such a sense of his
providential escape, that he solemnly kept an anniversary thanks-
giving upon that day to the end of his life. He was exemplary in
the duties of religion, and expressed a strong sense of it at the
approach of death. He died on the 8th of March, 1682, aged.
51 years, and was buried at Oxnead.

GEORGE BERI(ELEY, earl of Berkeley; in his
1'obes. h. sh. (Logg'{[Jl).

GEORGE, earl of Berkeley. Bocqllet sc. In "Noble
Authors," by JJIr. Park.

GEORGE, earl of Berkeley. W. N. Gardiner.

George, earl of Berkeley, descended in a direct line from Robert
Fitzharding, who was of the royal house of Denmark, became at
the death of his father, in 1658, 13th Lord Berkeley, and having
greatly manifested his loyalty to King Charles II. in order to his
restoration, as well as afterward, by divers eminent services, was
advanced to the title of Viscount Dursley, as also to the degree of
an ead, by the title of Earl of Berkeley, Sept. 11, 1679, having
been sworn of his majesty's most honourable privy-council, July 17,
1678.
His lordship was,
by King James II. Inade custos rotulorum of
the county of Gloucester, in Feb. 1684-5, and on July 21, 1685,
was also sworn of his privy-council. At that mornarch's first
withdrawing himself, on Dec. 10, 1680, he was one of the lords
who met at Guildhall, next day, and having sent for the lord
mayor, and aldern1en, subscribed to a declaration, "That they
would assist his highness the Prince of Orange, in obtaining a free
parliament, wherein our laws, liberties, and properties may be
secured; the church of England in particular, with a due liberty,
to Protestant dissenters; and in general, the Protestant religion
over the whole world may be supported and encouraged, &c." At
the accession of \Villiam and Mary, he was appointed one of their
privy-council; and July 27, 1689, constituted custos rotulorum of
the county of Surrey.

OF ENGLANDø

191

He bestowed upon Sion CoI1ege a very valuable library, which
was collected by Sir Robert Coke;* and was author of a little
book, valuable for its merit as well as its rarity, entitled "Histo-
rical Applications, and occasional lVleditations upon several Sub-
jects, written by a person of Honour," 1670; 12mo.t In this book
are several striking instances of the testimony which some men
of eminence h.ave borne to the importance of religious life, and the
consolation to be received fronl it, especially at the approach of
death.! Db. 1698.
This noble earl was buried at Cranford, in Middlesex, where a
monument is erected to his memory with this inscription:
" Here Iyeth the body of GEORGE, earl of Berkeley, Viscount
Dursley, Baron of Berkeley, Mowbray, Seagrave, and Bruce, who
had the honour to be a privy-counsellor to K. Charles II. and
K. James; eminent for his affability, charity, and generosity. He
married ELIZABETH, one of the coheiresses of JOlIN MASSING--
BEARD, esq. of the family of the l\IASSINGBEARDS, in Lincolnshire.
He departed this life the 14th of October, 1698, Æt. 71, in hopes
of a blessed resurrection; for the n1erciful shall obtain mercy."

VISCOUNTS, &c.
TI-IOMAS BELLASYSE, lord viscount Faucon-
berg, &c. Maria Beale p. A. Blooteling sc. 1676; large
It. sh. scat.ce and }ine.

THOl\IAS BELASYSE, (B ELLASYSE,' or BELLASIS),
viscount Falcollberg. White sc. h. sh. In Guillinz's
" IIeraldry."

.. There is a printed catalogue of the books belonging to this coHege.
t Fenton, in his CI Observations on \Valler's Poem," to the author of" Historical
applications," &c. says, "lIe was a person of strict yirtue and piety; and of such
an undistinguishing affability to men of all ranh and parties, that I have been told
l\Ir. \Vycherly strained his character into that of Lord Plausible in the H Plain
Dealer." The founder of this noLle family is said to have been a younger SOil to
one of the Danish kings, who attended the Duke of Norm
ndy, and settled in
'England after the Conquest."
t I had seen this book, but did not know who wrote it, before the publication of
the secoud edition of the H Catalogue of Royal and Noble Authors," where tllere is
a farlher account of it.

102 n T 0 C; R .A P II I C _\ L 11 1ST 0 H Y

':rUO:\IAS BELASYSE, viscount Falconbcrg; 'JJlCZ;
;.
A. 11/ootelillf!; 4to.

Thomas, second viscount Falconberg', married first, l\Iildred,
daughter to Nicholas Sanderson, viscount Castleton, and she dy-
ing without issue by him, he marrieù, secondly, lVlary, daughter of
Oliver Cromwell, at Hampton Court, Nov. 18, 1657. The Earl of
Clarenùon, gives this account of him.
" After Cromwell was declared Protector, and in great power,
he manied his daughter to the Lord Falconberg, the owner of a
very great estate in Yorkshire, and descended of a family eminently
luyal. There were many reasons to believe that this young gentle-
nlan, being then about three or fonr and twenty years of age, of
great vigour and ambition, had many good purposes, that he thought
that alliance might qualify and enable hinl to perform: his marriage
was celebrated at 'Vhitehall" C'V God has given the time at Hamp-
ton Court), " with all imaginable pomp and lustre; and it was ob-
served, that though it was performed in public, according to ,the
rites and ceremonies then in use, they were presently afterwards in
:private married by ministers ordained by bi
hops, and according- to
the form in the book of common prayer: and this with the privity
of Cromwell.".
In I G57, he was made one of the council of state; and in June,
1 G58, when Dunkirk was taken by the Spaniards, the French king
sent the Duke of Crequi, together with 1Hon
ieur l\lancini, nephew to
Cardinall\1azarine, prime minister, to congratulate Cromwell on it;
who, in return qf the compliment, sent his son-in-law, the Lord };'al-
conberg, to Calais, to congratulate the French monarch, for their
jcint prosperity.
This was the only employment the Lord Falconberg had under
Crom,ycll; for, as the BoLle author aboyc-mentioned relates, " his
domestic delig'hts were lessened e,'ery day; he plainly discovered
that his son Falconberg's heart was set upon an interest destructive
tu his, and grew to hate him perfectly." And 'Vhitlock relates, that
It:chanl, the Protector's son, was betrayed by his near relations, and
these of his council. In 1659, he was by the council of state sent
to the Tower.
That he was in the secret of the restoration of I\::ing Charles II.
is cviJeut from General 1Y!onk's conferring on hinl the regiment
which was Sir Arthur l-laslcrig's, on April '25, the same day t.he par-
liament n1C: that rest:>rcd the king.

OF ENG.LAND.

193

Bishop Burnet writes, that Cromwell's daughtcr, married to the
Lord Falconberg, " was a wise and worthy woman, more likely to
have maintained the post (of Protector) than either of her brothers;
according to a saying that went of her, that these who wore breeches
deserved petticoats better; but if those in petticoats had been in
breeches they would have held faster." It may be presumed, that
she was influenced by this lord, her husband, and (from what had
been said) concurred with him in the restoration.
King Charles H. was so well satisfied with his lordship
s conduct,
that he constituted him lord-lieutenant of the bishopric of Durham,
July 27, 1660; and the same year also made him ]ord-lieutenantand
custos rotulorum of the North Riding' of Yorkshire, which he held
till 1687, when, not complying with the designs of King James II.
he was put out of the commission.
He was also, by King Charle8 II. sent ambassador to the state of
Venice, and the Princes of Italy; and made captain of the band of
gentlemen pensioners, on the surrender of that employment by his
uncle John, lord Bellasyse, of W arlaby, in 1673. He was likewise
one of those sworn of the privy-council on April 21, 1679, wht:n his
majesty declared he was resolved to lay aside the use he had hitherto
made of a single ministry, and to constitute such a privy-council as
may not only be fit for the consultation and digestion of all business,
but may be best informed in the true constitutions of the state, and
thereby the most able to counsel him in all the affairs and interests
of this crown and nation.
On the accession of King William and Queen Mary, he was sworn
of their privy-council, and on March 28, 1689, constituted Iord-
lieutenant of the North Riding of Yorkshire, having, as before-
mentioned, been put out of the commission by King James II. and
in consideration of his great merits, was advanced to the honour of
Earl Falconberg, on April 9, in the first year of their reign. He died
without issue, Dec. 31, 1700, and was buried at Cockswold, in the
county of York, where a monument is erected to his memory, with
the following inscription.

M. S.
H. S. E.
Thomas Belasyse, Comes Falconberg, Baro de Yarum,
Vir Primarius, Priscæ Nobilitatis Exemplar,
Anirni magnitudine, fortitudine, Prudentiâ,
Et rerum agendarum Peritiâ Singulari,
Ad publica obeunda munera
VOL. IV. 2 c

194 n lOG RAP II I C ...\ L II 1ST 0 R Y

Vere formatus.
Regiæ Pensionariun1 Cohortis Præfectis
Sub Carolo lIdo. sub quo, et Gulielmo IIpio.
Com. Ebor qua ad Aquilonenl vergit Prorex,
Quorum utriq; a sanctioribus Consiliis
Utriq; fidus pariter, et charus ;
Nee inter Anglos solum, apud exteras vero Gentes inclaruit
Sub Carolo lIdo. apud Rempublicam Venetam.

abaudiæ item, Hetruriaeq; Du('es,
:Splendidâ Legatiol1e functus,
Regiæ Di
nitati, Regniq; Commodis
Provide Consuluit,
Graviter satisfecit.
Gemino Fælix Conjugio;
l\lildredæ prilllum, Vice-Comitis de Castleton Filiæ.
Postea Mariæ* Cromwelliorum stirpe, Patre Olivero, Progenitæ,
IlIa, brevis ævi, mæsto l\'Iarito superstite decessit,
I-Iæc lVlarito mæsta superfuit,
Quam indissolnbilis Arnor, non ficta Pittas,
Studiumq; Conjugi morem gerendi,
Caram 1\1arito, Posterisq; Exernplum
Jure reddiderunt.
Ptochotrophio propriis sumptibus extructo,
Hujnsce Parochiæ Pastori.
Alllluum in perpetuum stipendium legavit.
Et cum benè Latere frustrà alias quesierat,
Septuaginta et duos emensus Annos,
Quietem hactenus denegatan1
lVIatul'o in Cælum secessu tandem consecutus est
Dec. 31 mo . A. S. H. 1700 mo .

WILLIAM, viscount STAFFORD. Lutterel f.
large 4to. 1nezz.
'VI LLIAl\I, viscount ST AFFORD; in an oval. R.Cooper
sc. FrOJll the print of the HOlvard Fa'J7zily,. 4to.
Created 'Villiam Howard, viscount Stafford, was accused in October, 1678,
1640. of cOl1spiring against the life of his sovereign. He happened to be

.. The said Mary died l\Iarch 14, 171
.

o 1 1 ' }
: X G. I
AND.

195

from his own house when he was sent for; but confiding in his
innocence, he voluntarily surrendered himself in two days after-
wards. The fury of the times was such, and the people so blinded
with false zeal, tliat he was one of the five Peers impeached by the
House of Commons of being concerned in that commonly called
the Popish plot; though, the discerniug part of mankind then, and
the unprejudiced since, looked upon it as a contrivance calculated
to serve the nefarious views of some traiterous politicians. How-
ever, he was, upon the evidence of the perjured Titus Oates, and
other flagitious wretches, convicted of high-treason, fifty-five Peers
pronouncing him guilty, and thirty-one voting him not guilty. His
lordship being brought to the scaffold, on December following,
averred his innocence to the last, solemnly protesting before God
and man, that what the witnesses against him had sworn, was false;
and submitted to the axe with great composure and devotion. His
fate was lamented by all good Inen; and his enen1ies were disap-
pointed in their scheme of overthrowing the constitution at that
time.
On June 3, 1685, a bill passed tbe House of Peers, entitled, " An
act for reversing tIle attainder of William, late viscount Stafford ;"
in the preamble to which it was asserted, " That it was now mani-
fest, that \VilliaI11, late viscount Stafford, died innocent; and that
the testimony, on which he was convicted, was false; as also, that
it appeared by record of the King's Bench, that one of the wit..
neSSES was convicted of perjury."
By his b.dy, he had three sons, and six daughters. The sons
werc 7 1st, Henry, afterward earl of Stafford: 2d, John, continuator
of the line; and 3rd, :Francis, who, being groom of the bedchamber
to King James II. when, on December 17, 1688, at one in the morn-
ing, he removed from \Vhitehall, attended his master into France,
aud died at Paris, in 1692, leaving', by Eleanor his wife, daughter
of Henry Stanford, of New Inn, in StafFordshire, esq. a son, Henry,
who wedded - daughter of Bartholomew Berkeley, of Speckley,
in \V orcestershire, esq. but died without issue.
Of the six daughters of Lord Stafforù, Alathea, Ursula, and
Mary, were nuns; Isabella, the second, was the third wife of John
Powlett, marquis of '
7ïnchester; Anastatia, tbe fifth, was married
to George Holman, of\Varworth, in the county of Northampton, esq.
and llelcna, the youngest, died soon after she was born.
Henry, the eldest son, in consideration of his father's sufferings,
élnd his noble descent, was created Earl of Stafford, October 5,

196 B lOG RAP II I C A L III S T 0 U, Y

1688, with remainder, for want of issue male, to John and Francis,
his brothers, and their heirs male respectively. By the same patent,
Mary, his mother, was made countess of Stafford for life, and his
sisters were allowed the rank of daughters of an earl of England,
and to use and bear the surname of Stafford. This Henry earl of
Stafford, retiring in 1688 with his sovereign into France, was, on
April 3, 1694, married at St. Germain's en Laye, to Claude Char-
lotte, eldest daughter of Philibert, count of Grammont, and dying
...J\pril 19, 1719, without issue, was succeeded by \Villiam, son of
his brother John Stafford Howard.

WIl.LIAM, lord RUSSEL. ](Jleller p. I-Ioltbraken
sc. III the collectioll of the Duke of Bedford. Illust.
Flead.
,V ILLIAl\I, lord RUSSEL; Æt. 44, 1683
](neller p.
Valldrebanc sc. la1'"g'e h. slz.
'V I LLIAl\I, lord RUSSEL. Kneller p. Picart sc.
dire.l'. 1724; 4to.

'VILLIAl\I, lord RUSSEL,
Et. 44, &c. Cooper C.l'C.
') lle.::;z. 4 to.

'VILLJAl\I, lord RUSSEL, &c. Stavage sc. In a large
h. slz. 1Ditlt several others.

W ILLIJ.,. 1\1, lord RUSSELL, ,}1le.
.Z. E. Luttcrel.

,V ILLIA:\I, lord RUSSEL. C. ](llig'lzt /J'C. 1792. In
Lady llllssel's "L,ctters." 8vo.

LORD RUSSEL. Eocquet sc. In" Gra1JZnlont;" 8vo.
1809.

WILLIA'I,lordRusSELL. E.5 1 crivellsc. 1814. Front
the original if 5 1 ir P. Lcl!J. In J1/r. Lodg'c's "Illus...
triollS l
ortraits."

OF ENGLAND.

197

IIis portrait at \V oburn Abbey bears a strict resemblance to
Houbraken's print.
'Villiam, lord Russel, was a man of probity and virtue, and
worthy of a better age than that in which he lived; an age, when
silence anù freedom of speech were equally criminal; when a per-
jured witness was more esteemed than an honest patriot, and law
and equity were wrested to the purposes of an enraged faction,
and an arbitrary court. As he was apprehensive for the civil and
religious liberties of his country, he distinguished himself by pro-
n10ting the bill for excluding the Duke of York from the crown,
which he carried up to the House of Peers. * He thought resist-
ance preferable to slavery; he had moreover the honesty to avow
it, and persisted in it to the last, though a retraction of this prin-
ciple would probably have saved his life.t He was accused of
being an accomplice in the Rye-House Plot, and consequently of
conspiring the death of the king, a crime of wbich he was abso-
lutely innocent. All that was proved against him, hy suspected
witnesses, was, that treasonable words were uttered in his presence,
though he bore no part in, or assented to, the conversation which
occasioned then1. When he had taken his last leave of his lady,
he said that" the bitterness of death was past ;" and he soon after
went to his execution,. and submitted to the fatal stroke with a re-
solution worthy of
he cause in which he suffered. He was the pro-
tomartyr of patriotism in this reign: Algernon Sidney was the
second.! He was b{:headed July 21, 1683.

· Col. Titus, in his speech for excluding the Duke of York, declared, "That to
accept of expedients for securing the Protestant religion, after such a king mounted
the throne, \\' as as strange as if there were a lion in the 10 hby,
nd they should
vote, that they would rather secure themselves by letting him in, and chaining him,
than by keeping him out." This sentiment is put into verse by Bramston, in his
" Art uf Politics."
t See Bireh's "Life of Tillotson." p. 101, ct seq. Edit. 2.
* Patriotism is perhaps the most frail, as it is the most snsp
cted of all human
virtues: and it seems, from some recent instances, to be almost as difficult to bl'ing
positive proof of the sincerity of it. as it is to prove a negative in point of chastity.
The patriotic characters of Lord Russell and Algernon Siåney, supported by an ap-
parent inflexibility of conduct, anù scaled by martyrdom, seemed to be fixed upon
an immoveable foundation. nut this foundation, everlasting as it seemed to be,
has, in the opinion of some, lately sustained an alarming shock.
Possibly, in a
mercenary age, when other means had been tried in vain, they thought it expedient

See Barillun.s dispatchc" in the Appl'ndix to DalrJ'mplc's "l\IclDoirs."

IDS

BIOG.RAPHIC.:\.L IIISTOlt Y

The LORD GREY. Lel!}]1. BrO'lOne; It. Sh.UlCZZ.*
tiltered to /)'f{[lJlllel lll/tler.

Thomas, son of Thomas lord Grey, and grandson of Henry, earl
of Stamford, succeeded his grandfather in title and estate, after the
demise of his father, in 1673. He was imprisoned for being con-
cerned in the Duke of Monmouth's rebellion; but admitted to hail,
and at last had the benefit of the pardon granted, on l\Iarch 10,
1685-6. April 24, 1696, he was appointed lord-lieutenant and
custos rotulorum of the county of Derby; and April 28, 1697, was
Jnade chancellor of the dutchy of Lancaster, lord-lieutenant and
custos rotulorum of the county of Leicester; and at the funeral of
Queen l\Iary, bore one of the banners of England and France quar-
terly; and in the reign of Queen Anne, was one of her privy-council.
He first married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Daniel Hervey, of Combe,
in Surrey, knt. and sf'condly, l\Iary, daughter and coheir to Joseph
Maynard, of Gunnersbury, in the county of Middlesex, esq. son and
beir to Sir John IVlaynard, knt. one of the commissioners of the great

to baffle the arts and instruments of corruption hy turning them aga:nst itself, and
to seem to yielù to it from an honest motive of liberty; and that in this" ti,e end
would justify the means." But this is too disingenuous a rcfint>mel1t in politics to
admit of any stress. It is much more pl"Obable, that Barillon appropiiated a large
portion of secret service-money to his own use, and artfully placed it to the account
of Algernon Siùney. Hence he might at once ha,'e gained credit with the king his
master, by persuading him that he had conquered the stubborn virtue of a formidable
enemy to despotism, and paid that attention to his own emolument, which was very
probably his principal aim. Fond as mankind are of novelty al}d censure, they
scarce en
r efface the early impres
ions which they have received in fa\'onr of those
they lo\'e Hnd admire. Hence it is that we Rre extremely averse from believing
that th<>re was any real duplicity of character in these illustrious persons.
. u __ Tarde, quæ credita lædunt,
Credimus."-OVID.

The whole matter appears to me to turn upon this short question: \\-hich is the
fairer object of belief; the patriutism lif great and established characters, or the
veracity of a man cmplo)'ed in evil arts, and the avowed mini
ter of corruption 1 I
can by no meal15 persuade myself to givc credit to Barillon's facts against the tenor
of the Jives of snch mcn as Lord Russell and Algernon Sidney. If the vcnerable
names of C.-anmcr, Latimer, and Ridley should be, and I make no question but they
are, wantonly and wickedly aspersed in the French archives, they would still, in my
estimation, retain their primitive purity aud dignity, and
tand foremost in the blight
Jist of 01Ii" Protestant martyrs.
.. I believe this is tIle portrait of Ralph Lord Grey of 'Yerke, who succeeded his
father 'Villiam, and died 1675.-'V. UrCJI,\RDSON.

OF ENGLAND.

199

seal of England. By his first lady he had two sons, who died
infants, and a daughter Diana, who died young; and no issue by his
second lady.
The Earl of Stamford died Jan. 31,1719-20, aged 67, without
surviving issue, when his titles, and part of his estate, descend
d
to Harry Grey, esq. son to John Grey, third son of Henry, the first
earl of Stamford.

"irst DUDLEY, lord North, fro'/ll tlte original
picture in the collection of the Earl of Guildfort!,. ill tlie
" JVoble Autllors:I" by Park; 1800.
DUDLEY, lord North; oval. Thane e..l:c.
Sir Dudley North, succeeded to the title of Lord North, by the
death of his grandfather in 1600, which he enjoyed till some years
after the restoration. He was one of the finest gentlemen in the
court of King James, or rather his son Prince Henry; and was
(says Mr. Roger Nòrth) full of spirit aud flame. In 1645 he a-
pears to have acted with the parliament, . and was nominated by
them to the administration of the admiralty, in conjunction with
the Earls of Essex, Northumberland, \Varwick, and others. After
he had consumed the greater part of his estate in gallantries, he
retired and lived nlore honourably in the country upon what was
left, than c,rer he had done before. He there amused himself with
writing" A Forest of Varieties, a collection of E3says in prose and
verse, 1659/'. and enjoyed his life to the great age of 85, so as to
see his grandchildren almost grown up. Ob. 1666.
He married Frances, daughter and coheir of Sir John Brocket,
of Brocket-hall, in Hertfordshiïe, and by her had issue four sons;
Dudley, who succeeded him; Charles, and. Robert, who died in his
lifetime, and John: also two daughters, Dorothy, married to
Richard, lord Dacre, at St. 1\'Jargaret's, 'Vestminster, Jan. 4, 1624,
and after his decease, to Chaloner Chute, of the Vine, in Hamp-
shire, esq. ; and Elizabeth, who died unmarried.

,

Second DUDLEY, lord North. E.H(/rdiJl
.;froJn

· See Brydge's " :Memoirs of the Peers of England," vol. i. p. $43, and " Noble
Authors," by Park, vol. iii.

200 B lOG R..\PH IC AI
HI ST 0 R Y

the origoinal picture in the collection of the Earl of
Guildford. S. J-Iarding,. 1799.

DUDLEY, second lord North. Rivers dirxt. from
the orig'inal picture,
c. in the " Noble Authors,"
by Park.

Sir Dudley, the fourth Lord North, had a learned education in
the university of Cambridge, and was made K. B. as early as 1616,
at the creation of Charles, prince of 'Vales. He was an eminent
instance of filial duty to his father, before whonl he would not put
on his hat, or sit, unless enjoined to do it. In the early part of his
life he travelled abroad, and served as captain under Sir Francis
Vere. He served his country in several parliaments, and was misled
to sit in that of 1640, till he was exc1uded: after which he lived
privately in the country, at Tostock, in Suffolk, and amused himself
with writing" Observations and ad vices economical," 12mo. 1669,
in which is the epitome of his life. He also wrote a volume of
Essays, printed in 1682, 8vo. Ob. 1677.*

. ANTHONY ASHLEY COOPER, lord Ashley.
R. Thompson e.l'c. h. sh. 'Inezz.
Lord ASHLEY, inscribed" Tile son of the Lo'rd Chan-
cellor;" lnezz. Lely,. R. lVhite e.l'c.

Lord Ashley is better known as the son of the lord chancellor
Shaftesbury, and the father of the author of the " Characteristics,"
than from any thing extraordinary in his own character. His son,
who was educated with the greatest care, was, in the early part of
his life, under the tuition of !VIrs. Birch, the learned daughter of a
schoolmaster in Oxfordshire, who was so great a mistress of Greek
and Latin that she could readily speak these languages. Her
pupil read the classic authors in their respective originals, when
he was but eleven years of age. He was afterward under the care
of Mr. Locke, who was principally concerned in his education.

. See Park's cc Noble Authors," and" l\lemoirs of the Peers of England," by
Sir Egerton Brydges.

OF ENGLAND.

201

.
Lord Ashley, who became earl of Shaftesbury upon the death of
his father in 1682-3, died Nov. 10, 1699,* and was buried at'Vin-
borne, St. Giles.
He married Dorothy, daughter to John, earl of Rutland; and
by her had issue three sons, Anthony, John, and IVIaurice; and
four daughters, Lady Frances, married to Francis Stonehouse, of
Hungerford-park, in the county of Berks, esq.; Lady Elizabeth,
wife of James Harris, of Salisbury, esq.; and died 1744; Lady
Dorothy, married to Edward Hooper, of Hern-court, in the county
of Southampton, and of Boveridge, in the county of Dorset, esq.;
and died in 1749; and Gertrude, who died 1704, unmarried.

BARONS.

ROBERT, lord BROOKE, baron Brooke, of Created
B h ' . h f W . k 1 d Jan. 9.
eauc anlp s-court, In t e county 0 ar\VIC, or - 1620.
lieutenant of the county of Stafford; obiit Feb. 13,
1676. G. Valek sc. 1678; large h. sit.

This nobleman was son of Robert Grevile, lord Brooke (who was
killed at Lichfield), by Catharine, daughter of Francis, earl of Bed-
ford. He was instrumental in the restoration of Charles II. and
was one of the six lords sent by the House of Commons to present
the humble invitation and supplication of the parliament, "That
his majesty would be pleased to return, and take the government
of the kingdom into his hands."-Lord Brooke was appointed lord-
lieutenant of the county of Stafford, and city of Lichfield, Aug. 20,
1660; and constituted. recorder of Warwick for life, in a new charter
granted to that corporation; which office his predecessors, Fulke,

· Drydt'n, in his character of the lord-chancellor Shaftesbury, speaks with great
.ontcmpt of Lord Ashle.r:

CC Bankrupt of life, and prodigal of ease:
And all to leave what with his toil he won,
To that ullfeather'd two-Icgg'd thing a son."
ADSALOl\1 and ACIIIT.

Here the poet fvidently alludes to Diogenes's cock, with the feathers plucked oft',
vhicb he called U Plato's Miln j" namely,

ov
iflJ'
uv, èl'WTieov; animul bipfs, implumt.
Vide cc Diog. Lacrt." Edit. Hen. Steph, p.
13.
VOL. IV. 2 D

202 BIOGRAPHICAL RISTOR Y

first lord Brooke, Robert lord Brooke, his father, and the Earl of
Bedford, his uncle (during the minority of his brother Francis),
had held before him. He was likewise chosen high-steward of
Stafford, and Stratford-upon-Avon; and contributed much to the
embellishment of Warwick Castle, by fitting up the state-apartment
there, at a considerable expense, and in a manner suited to the taste
of the times in which he lived. He nlarried Anne, daughter, and
at last sole heir, to John Doddington, esq. son and heir of Sir
'Villiam Doddington, of Bremer, in the county of Southampton;
by wholn he had six sons, John, Francis, Charles, Robert, 'Villiam,
and Fulke, who all died young; and two daughters, Anne, married
to 'Villiam, earl of Kingston; and Doddington, to Charles, earl,
and afterward duke, of Manchester. He died at Bath, Feb. 17,
1676; and leaving no male issue, was succeeded in honour and
estate by his youngest brother, Fulke, fifth lord Brooke, who was
(soon after the death of his brother) chosen recorder of 'Varwick ;
and upon the renewal of the charter of that corporation, was therein
constituted recorder for life.

" JOlIN, lord BELASYSE (or Bellasyse*), baron
of \\T orlaby, during the late wars, lieutenant-general
of the counties of 'Y' ork, Nottingham, Lincoln, and
Derby; governor of the city of York and garrison of
Newark, and captain-general of his majesty's horse-
guards to King Charles I.; late captain-general of the
forces in Africa, and governor of Tangier ; lord lieute-
nant of Ethe ast- Riding of Yorkshire; governor of
Hull, and captain of the guard of gentlemen-pen..:
sioners to his present n1ajesty, King Charles II."
Æt. suæ 20. }Tandyck 1J. (lleg'. G"'a1
. I.) R. TVltite sc.
engraved in the 1naune1- of L01Jzbart's ILl/if lengths.

John, lord Bellasyse, se"conll son of Thomas, lord viscount Fal-
conberg, raised six reg'iments for Charles I. in the civil war; and was
an officer of distinction at the battles of Edge- hill, N ew bury, and N ase.
,?y, and at the sieges of Reading and Bristol. He fought with his usual

· His name is sometimes spelt Bcllasis,
ut is more property written ßcllasJse.

O.F EXGL1\ND.

203

vaJour at the battle of Selby, and bravely defended the garrison of
Newark against the English and Scottish armies; and} in considera-
tion of his conduct and courage in many gallant actions in the time
of the rebellion, was by King Charles I. created Lord Bellasyse, of
'\V orlaby, in the county of Lincoln, by letters-patent, bearing date at
Oxford, Jan. '27, 1644-5. He was likewise by the same king made
Jieutenant-general of the counties of York, Nottingham, Lincoln,
and Derby; governor of the city of York, and captain of the gar-
rison of Newark-upon- Trent; as also captain-general of his majesty's
guards.
By King Charles II. he was constituted captain-general of his
forces in Africa, and held many important posts; but professing
the Rornish religion, resigned his employments upon passing the
test act, in 1673.*
A very lofty and costly monument, of curious workmanship

stands affixed to the east wall of the church, in the church-JTard of
St. Giles-in-the-Fields, Middlesex; on which, above the sarco-
phagus, is his lordship's coat of arms, impaling those of Powlett:
and on the base the following inscription:
" This monument was erected in the year of our Lord, 1736, by
the pious direction of the Honourable Dame Barbara 'Vebb, wife of
Sir John Webb, of Cunford l\lagna, in the county of Dorset, bart.
and the Honourable Catharine Talbot, wife of the Honourable John
Talbot, of Long ford, in the county of Salop, esq. surviving daughters
and coheirs of the Right Honourable John, lord Bellasyse, second
son of Thomas, lord viscount Falconberg, in n1emory of their most
dear father, his wives and children.
" Who for his loyalty, pruùence, and courage, was promoted to
several commands of great trust by their majesties, King Charles I.
and II. ; viz. having raised six regiments of horse and foot- in the late
civil wars, he commanded a tertia in his majesty's armies at the
battles of Edge-hill, Newbury, and N aseby; at the sieges of Read-
ing and Bristol; and afterward, being made governor of York, and
commander-in-chief of all his majesty's forces in Yorkshire, he
fought the battle of Selby with the Lord Fairfax; and being lieute-
nant-general of the counties of Lincoln, Nottinghau1, Derby, and

· Titus Oates, in his" Narrative of the pretended Plot," 1678, mentions this
nobleman as deeply concerned in exciting a rebellion. Thi
occasioned his im-
prisonment in the Tower, where be remained in durance till ,the accession of
J ames II.

204

BIOGR.APHIC.AL IIISTOR Y

Rutland, and govèrnor of Newark, he valiantly defended that gar-
rison against the English and Scotch armies, till his majesty came in
person to the Scotch quarters, and cOlnmauded the surrender of it.
At which time he also had the honour of being general of the king's
horse
guards; in all which services, during the wars, and other
atchievements, he deported himself with eminent courage and con-
duct, and received many wounds, sustained three imprisonmcnts in
the Tower of London; and after the happy restoration of King
Charles II. he was made lord..lieutenant of the East-Riding of the
county of York, governor of Hull, general of his majesty's forces
in Africa, governor of Tangier, captain of his majesty's guard of
gentleman-pensioners, and first lord-commissioner of the treasury to
King James II. He died the 10th of September, 1689, whose re-
n1ains are deposited in this vault.
" He married, to his first wife, Jane, daughter and sole heiress of
Sir Robert Boteler, of ,V oodhall, in the county of Hert.ford, knt.
by whom he had Sir Henry Bellasyse,* knight of the most honoura-
ble order of the Bath, intcrred in this vault; IHary, viscountess
Dunbar, and Frances, both deceased.
. "He married, to his second wife, Anne, daughter and coheir to
Sir Robert Crane, of Chilton, in the county of Suffolk, bart. who
also lies interred here.
" He married, to his third wife, the Right Honourable tl1e Lady
Anne Powlett, second daughter of the Right Noble John, marquis
of \Vinchester, sister to Charles, late duke of Bolton, and is here
interred."
On the sarcophagus, above the said inscription, is the following
account of his progeny by his last lady:
"The Right Honourable J obu, lord Bellasysc, had issue, Ly his
third marriage with the Lady Anne Powlett, three sons and nine
daughters, whereof three sons and five of the daughters died in
theil' infancy; Honora, lady dowager Bergavenny, widow and relict
of George, lord Bergavenny, one of the coheirs of the said John,
lord Bellasyse, who died without issue the 6th of January, 1706, and
is interred in this vault.
" The Honourable Dame Barbara 'Vebb, and thc Honourable
Catharine Talbot, the two surviving daughters and coheirs, now
living, who caused this monunlent to be erected.

· This Sir Henry married Anne, second daughter of Francis, lord BrudencU, but
<lied without j
sue.

OF ENG.LAND.

205

U Also the Honourable Isabel1a, the youngest daughter, who mar-
ried Thomas Stonar, of Stonar, in the county of Oxon, esq. one of
the coheirs of the said late Lord Bellasyse, and died without issue
the 4th of June, 1704."

CHARLES, lord GERARD, of Brandon, gentle-
man of the bed-chamber to his sacred n1ajesty, and
captain of his majesty's horse-guards, &c. 1666.

'llerwiJl sc. slz.

Charles, lord Gerard, who descended frO\l1 the very ancient Created
family of Geraldine, or Fitzgerald, in Ireland, raised a regiment of 21 Car. I.
foot, and a troop of horse, for Charles I. in the civil war. He
fought in many battles with the ardour of a volunteer, and displayed,
at the same time, all the conduct of a veteran. He particularly
signalized himself in vVales, where he took the fortresses of Car-
digan, Emblin, Langhorne, and Roche; as also the strcmg town of
Haverford- West, with the castles of Picton and Carew. I-Ie had
two brothers and several uncles, who had commands in the royal
army. Ratcliffe Gerard, one of his uncles, had three sons, who all
fought for the king at the battle of Edge-hill. He was one of the
lords who presented the Duke of York, as a popish recllsant, at
the King's Bench bar, in \Vestminster-hall.* He was created Earl
of lVIacc1esfield, July 23, 1679, and died Jan. 7, 1693-4.

DENZIL HOLLES, baron HolIes. White sc.
Frontispiece to his "
Ie}}loirs," 1699; 8vo.

DEKZIL, baron llolles, of Ifield; LEt. 78, 1676;
Ravenel sc. In the "Historical Collections f'elating; to
the Fanzilies of ['avendish, Vere, Harley, and Ogle;
by Al'th ur Collins," 1 7 52 ; Jol.

There is a portrait of him at \Velbeck.
Denzil, lord HolIes, second son of John, the first earl of Clare, Crc.atcd
was one of the n105t distinguished of the popular leaders in the . 1 .\.!)J C '
I.
o I ' I
J ar. .
reign of Charles I. His courage, which was very extraordinary,

ill Sec Birch's "Lif(' ufTillutson," sccond edit. 1" 7R,

206 ß lOG R ...\ P II I C .A L II 1ST 0 It Y

was constitutional, and proceeded fronl a principle inherent in his
family. IIis patriotism, which was as extraordinary and as active
as his courage, seemed to proceed from as fixed a principle. In
the part which he acted against Charles, wifa whom he had for-
merly lived in great illtimacy, he appears not to have been influ-
enced by personal hatred, party animosity, or the common motives
of interest or ambition. He acted from a much nobler motive than
any of these, all int"iolable attachment to the liberties of his country.
H'e had long entertained a jealousy of the prerogative; and there-
fore, in the last parliament of James I., sided wi th
p3.rt y that
opposed the court. This jealousy was much increased in the next
reign; and he entered, with his usual spirit, into all those measùres
that he thought nece
sary to reduce the power of the king within
bounds, and became a leader of the Presbyterian party, as he be-
lieved it to be on the side of liberty. He was greatly alarmed upon
seeing Cromwell at the head of the Independents; and Cromwell
was little less alarmed at seeing so able a chicf at the head of the
Presbyterians. He was, by the Independent faction, impeached of
11igh-treason, which occasioned his flying into France. He was
employed in several embassies after the restoration, when he re-
tained the same jea]ousy for liberty. I-Ie refused the insidious
presents offered him by Lewis XIV. with as much disdain as he
had before refused 50001. offered him by the parliament, to in-
demnify hit11 for his losses in the civil war.. Ob. 1679-80, Æt. 81.

SIR lVIAR
\l.l\DUI{E LANGDALE, the first Lord
Langdale; nze.Z2. ( Tf
Hlllllphry) fec.fro1Jl the orip,'inal
at IIolJJZC on Spalding-JJlOre, 1774; 8vo.

Marmaduke Langdale, descended from an ancient family of
York, was knighted by I(ing Charles I. 1627. He was esteelned

· If the reader candidly considers the situation of the patriotic, or popular party,
with regard to France, in the year 1679, he will be inclined to think that Lord
Hollis, huw much soever Barilloll. the French ambassador. might flatter himself,
was far from being cordi
lIy in the interest of Lewis XIV. as it stood in opposition
to that of his own country. t But granting all that is said of him by this minister
to Le true, he seems to have been the last and the least curruptec-I of the patriots.

t See Dalrymple's Ie l\Iemoirs," vol. ii. art. i. p.
60, &c. and compare what is

aid of him wilh the tcnoUf (If his cunduct. See also the la
t note to the article of
Lurd Rt7SSf.LL.

OF ENG LAND.

207

a serious and wise man, and a good scholar. In the early part of
bis life he was attached to the liberties of the subjects, but after-
ward, was as zealous in his majesty's sen'iee, and distinguished
himself by his valour and good conduct. The Duke of Han1ilton,
with the Scotch army, being defeated at Preston by Cromwell, Sir
Marmaduke was taken prisoner; he effected his escape, and retired
abroad, loyally attending King Charles II. in his exile, by whom
he was created Baron Langdale of Holme, in the county of York,
1658. He returned at the restoration, having lost 16,000l. without
any other recompense, than the consciousness of having suffered in
a good cause. He died at HolIne, 1661.

FRANCIS, first Lord SEYMOUR, of Trow-
bridge; fr01Jl the collection of the Rig'ht lIon. the Earl
of EgreJJlont. Platt sc. III Adolplul//s "British Cabi-
., 4
net,. to.

Sir Francis Seymour was the third son of Edward, lord viscount
Beauchamp, son and heir of Ed ward, earl of Hertford, and younger
brother to \Villiam, duke of Somerset, who was restored to that title
(which had been previously forfEited) by the kindness of King
Charles II.
Sir :Prancis was a man of interest and reputation in the country,
where lle principally resided, and highly esteemed for his know-
Ißrlge in rural affairs, and equitable administration of justice to the
people. In the heginning of the long parliament he was returned
knight of the shire for 'Vilts; and, as he did not adopt those vio-
lences which distinguished some members of the House of Com-
mons, and having a great friendship for the Earl of Strafford, he
was, by his interposition, callpd up to the House of Lords in the 16th
year of King Charles's reign, by the title of Baron Seymour of Trow-
bridge. On the trial of Strafford, Lord Seymour distinguished him-
self by refusing to yield to those reasons which induced the bishops
and several lords, who could have done that unfortunate nobleman
material service, to wave their right of sitting in judgment.
\Vhen the disputes between the king and parliament were in-
flamed to their greatest height, Lord Seymour was a constant ad-
herent to the royal cause. He followed the king to York, and was
one of the commiss:oners named by him, on the treaty at Uxbridg'c_
On the re.storation of Char1cs I L his loyalty did not pass UI1-

208 B lOG RAP HIe A L II 1ST 0 R \-

noticed. He was made a privy-counseIlor, and, on the 1st of
June, 1660, constituted chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster.
Lord Seymour was twice married; first to Frances, daughter of
Sir Gilbert Prinne, by whom he had a son and a daughter; and
afterward to Catharine, daucrhter of Sir Robert Lee, of Bilsley, in
o .
\Varwickshire, by whom he had no issue. lIe died July 12, 1664,
and was buried at Bedwin, 'Vilts.

SCOTCH NOBILITY.

JOHN, duke of Lauderdale. Lely p. HOllbraken sc.
1740. In the collection of the Earl of Dysert. Illust.
IIead.

.J 0 H N, duke of Lauderdale. Riley p. Becket f. It. sit.
JOHX, duke of Lauderdale; robes of the Garter.
Valek sc.

The Duke and Dutchess of LAUDERDALE. LeZy p.
1ònpson elrc. slz. nze.zz.

The Duke and Dutchess of LA UDERDALE;' 8vo.
B. Reading' sc.

JOllX, duke of Lauderdale. llyland; in Snlollett.

The original picture is in an apartment belonging to the Earl of
Breadalbane, in Holyrood-house.
Created The Duke of Lauderdale, who had been employed in several
duke, 1672, treaties in the late reign, and had been a sufferer in the cause of
Charles II. was highly in favour with that prince. He was thought,
before the restoration, and especiaHy during his imprisonment after
the battle of ,V Ol"Cester, to have had some sense of religiún; but
his conduct afterward was utterly inconsistent with every social
and religious principle. I-Ie taught the king the political nlaxim of
"neglecting his friends, and making friends of his enemies.!' His
whole system of politics was much of the same cast. When he

OF ENG LA ND.

20n

was high-con1missioner in Scotland, he enslaved his country by
every mode of oppression: he loaded it with taxes, ruined its trade,
plundered its inhabitants, and persecuted its religion. When the
people were grown mad by his cruelty, he obstructed the course
of justice, and blocked up every avenue to the throne. He was
one of those who were eluployed in forging chains for the English,
and who will ever be remembered by the name of the Cabal. He
was servile and imperious, haughty and abject; was a man of great
learning, but awkward and ungainly in speech and behaviour. He
practised all the arts of cunning and dissimulation to gain power,
and was the barefaced tyrant after he had gained it. Db. 24 Aug.
1682, lEt. 68.

JOHN LESIJE, duke ofRothes,fro17l theol.iginal
of Stir P. Lely, in the collection of the Rig'ht HOJlOlll"able
the Earl of Rothes. C. Picart sc. in Lodg'e's " Por-
traits of Illustrious Pet'sollGg;es of Great Britain," folio,
quarto, and octavo.
The Duke of Rothes was the only son of John Leslie, fifth earl
of Rothes, by Anne, second daughter of John Erskine, eighth earl
of 1\lar. He was born in the year 1630, and succeeded to the titles
and estates of his ancestors in the eleventh year of his age. The
loss of his parents, for his mother also had died in the preceding
year, was a misfortune, the effects of which attended him through
life; for having been early betrothed to the eldest daughter of the
Earl of Crawford, he went soon after his father's death to live in
that nobleman's family, where his education was almost wholly neg-
lected. In 1650, he took up his residence, with becoming splendour,
at Leslie, the mansion of his forefathers; and on the arrival of Charles
the Second in Scotland, from his exile in Holland, was among the
first to wait on that Prince, to whose favour the fidelity and impor-
tant services of his father to the late king had given him peculiar
pretensions. But Charles, who had at this period only compliments
to bestow, gave him the sword of state to carry at the coronation,
which took place in that country on the first of the following Ja-
nuary.
In the succeeding month, the Scottish parliament having resolved
to raise an army for the restoration of the monarchy, this young
nobleman equipped from his dependants, in the county of Fife, a
YOLo 1\". 2 E

210 ß [ 0 G rLA PHI C A 1, II 1ST 0 R Y

regiment of horse, at the head of which he accompanied Challes to
\y orcester, where, in the unfortunate battle of the third of Septem-
ber, 1651, he fell into the hands of the rebels, and was sent a l-'ri

soner, with some others of the nobility of his country, to the Tower of
London. There, at Newcastle-upon- Tyne, and in some other places,
he remained in strict custody till the summer of 1655, when Eliza-
beth lVI urray, countess of Dysart, a woman not less remarkable for her
intriguing spirit than for her beauty, and one of the few towards whom
Cromwell is said to have betrayed an amorous inclination, procured
his release through her influence over the usurper, and he was per-
mitted to return to Scotland. He remained there unmolested tin the
beginning of January, 1658, when, probably on some political sus-
picions, but professedly to prevent the consequences of a private
quarrel, he was impris:med in Edinburgh Castle, and in the following
spring his estates were sequestrated. These hardships, operating
On a disposition in which loyalty might be said to have been almost
natural, riveted his attachment to the royal cause. He was libc-
ra
ed in December, 1658, and suffered to retire to his own house,
where he remained till the design for the restoration became publicJy
rumoured, when he fled to the king at Breda, and remained with
him till that great event occurred.
In additiqn to his affection to the crown, and to the family which
held it, his resolution in executing his master's commands was as
remarkable as his invariable obedience to them. Charles, even be-
fore the restoration, seems to have determined to intrust to him the
chief management of the affairs of Scotland. On the first of June,
IG61, he was appointed president of the council in that country, and
one of the four lords extraordinary of the session, and was consti-
tuted the king's high commissioner to the parliament which met at
Edinburgh, on the 18th of June in the following year. The staff of
high treasurer,. which had l.2.een held by Crawford, his father-in-law,
was presently afterwards dcJivered to him, with the singular accom-
paniment of commissions of general of the forces, and captain of
the troop of horse-guards; and in the snmmer of 16G3, he was no-
minated to the oflice of keeper of the privy seal.
Certain it is, that he earned these excessive favours, if not by a
sacrifice of all public principle, at least by a most reprehensible duc-
tility. He was large1y concerned in procuring that extravagant bill
of the year 1661, called by the Scots" the Act Recissory," by which
all the parliaments that had been held in Scotland since I 633. were
declared illegal, and all their proceedings annulled. This frightful

OF ENG LAND.

211

mea.sure, which, however pregnant of general confusion and mis-
chief, aimed only at the overthrow of the Kirk, was concerted with
the furious Sharp, Archbishop of St. Andre\vs, to whom, with rc-
spect to ecclesiastical aflàirs, R.othes seems in a great n1easure to
have devoted himself. From a nlinisterial opponent. he presently
degenerated intu a persecutor. The military were scattered in those
parts of the country ill which the covenanters abounded; the parish
pricsts were directed to transmit lists of such as avoided the esta-
blished worship, to the general, Sir James Turner, and they were
fùrced into the churches at the point of the bayonet. Turner, though
a most obedient soldier, and naturaJ1y rough and furious: was fre-
(1 uently reprehended by him for acting too mildly with them. The
covenanters resented these outrages by an insurrection so ill con-
certed, and so weakly supported by any persons of power, that they
were discomfited on their first appearance in arms. Rothes, who
was then at the court, and who had persuaded the king', perhaps be-
lieving it himself, that aU but a few obstinate fanatics had submitted,
on receiving the news posted into Scotland, with intentions suffi-
ciently vindictive, which, however, were fomented to the utmost on
his arrival, by the influence of the prin1ate. About fifty of the insur-
gents, who were mostly of the lowest class, were put to death; 111any
Hed to Ireland; the more moderate covenantcrs sullenly obeyed,
and abandoned their convt:nticles; and a miserable calm, simply the
effect of terror, succeeded. It was evident, however, that a state of
order so procured could not be long maintained, and the remedy
was obvious. Two of the iadependent nobility, members of the
establishcd church, went to London, and represented to the king
with ûrmness the state of the country, and the causes of the evils
under which it suffered, and besought him to dismiss the ministers
to whom they ascribed them.
Charles was 1110ved by their arguments, and dispatched an order
to Scotland, that the primate should be restrained frOlll going to
Edinburgh, and confined to his diocess; but he hesitated as to Rothes,
for whom he entertained a real friendship. Such indeed was that
nobleman's influence over his mind, or such his own secret affection
to the measures that he was requested to relinquish, that, even while
}}e seemed to give way to the councils of those lords, a letter frmll
the earl prevailed on him to empower the
,cottish privy-council to
require all whom they suspected tQ be enemies to the church to re-
nounce the covenant, and to proceed against such as refused it as
traitors; directing, however, by a private order that luch power should

212 BIOGRAPIIICAL HISTORY

not be exercised to the utmost, but by his special command, farther
than for the purpose of exciting terror in the contumacious. By a
second, and bolder, suggestion to the king, at the same critical pe-
Iiud, he seemed to render the overthrow of his own authority inevit-
able, inasmuch as it drew down on him the resentment of the whole
body of the nobility. He charged a majority of the privy-council
with disaffection to the church, and proposed that a special council
should be nominated to sit at Glasgow on ecclesiastical affairs, and
so far was he from concealing this imprudent advice that he avowed
it even to the earl of Lauderdale, who was not only a professed cove-
nanter, but his known enemy. In the mean time the two Scottish
peers, who yet remained in London, redoubled their efforts against
him; but the king still paused, 'When an accident is said to have pro-
duced the crisis to which those endeavours had been hitherto vainly
applied. A division of the Dutch fleet, which in ] 667 sailed up the
Thames, was directed to enter the Frith of Forth; to threaten an
attack, by way of feint, on the Scottish coast; and then secretly to
join De Ruyter, in that well-known enterprise. A great consterna-
tion was excited in that part of the country, but the matter ended in
the discharge of a few innocent shot against the works at Brunt-
island. Rothes happened to be then on a progress in the north, and
not only the danger which it was pretended had menaced Scotland
was charged by his enemies on his absence, which was represented
as gross negligence, but even the subsequent insult, which tarnished
for a time the naval glory of England, was in some measure ascribed
to the same cause.
Charles at length consented to deprive him of the immoderate
power with which he had been invested, and which he had exercised
with so much indiscretion and, indeed, tyranny; this, however, was
accomplished graduaÌl y , and with all possible mildness, for the king
had determined to dismiss him with no signs of disgrace. The
army, contrary to his advice, was first disbanded, by which his
commission of general was reduced to a mere title. Rothes now
flew to the court, besought the aid of the Duke of Monn10uth J who
had married his niece, and condescended to apply himself even to
Lauderdale; but it was too late. He was presently deprived of the
treasury, but with a special approbation, under the great seal, of his
conduct in that post. The rest of his offices followeù, except only
that of the privy-seal, which he held for many years after. And now
came the counterpoise, in Rothes's mind very unequal, to these se-
vere mortifications: in the rnonth of October, 1667, shortly befOle

O.F ENGI.AAND.

213

which time these alterations had occurred, he was placed for life in
the dignified, rather than powerful, station of high chancellor of
Scotland.
From that period he had scarcely any ostensible concern in the
government of the country. Charles's attachment to him, however,
remained unaltered; and there is little reason to doubt that he was
secretly consulted to the last on the affairs of Scotland. The
strongest proof of his master's esteem was yet to corne. On the
29th of May, 1680, he was created Duke of Rothes, and lVlarquis
of Ballinbreich, to which were added several other titles of peerage,
with remainder to his heirs male, of which, though at that time he
only had daughters, he was not of an age to despair; but he survi ved
the acquisition of these new dignities little lnore than one year. He
died at Holyrood House, on the 27th of July, 1681, and was buried
at Leslie, with an extravagance of pomp, scarcely every equalled in
the funeral of a subject; so remarkable indeed as to have been COin-
memorated by an engraving, specially for that purpose.
The Duke of Rothes married Anne, daughter of John Lindsay,
acrlof Crawford and Lindsay, by whom he had two daughters,
lVIargarct and Christian: the dukedom, of course, died with him.
The elder of these ladies, who became the wife of Charles Hamilton,
fifth earl of Haddington, succeeded to the titles of Countess of
Rothes, &c. and from her the present carl is descended; the second
n1arried, first, James, third marquis of Montrose; secondly, Sir John
Bruce, of Kinrass, baronet.

JAMES, earl of Perth, &c. Æt. 31. fV17Z. FaitltorJlc
ad ViVllIJZ del. et sc.

"J A
\IES, earl of Perth; lord Drummond and Stob..
hall; lord justice-general of the kingdom of Scot-
land; one of the extraordinary lords of the session;
and one of the lords of his majesty's most honour-
able privy-council in that kingdom ;" 1683, Æt.34.
J(ueller p. R. White sc. h. sh.

The inscription of this print has been altered, both as to 11is age
and preferments. This was done when he was IHade lord high-
chancellor of 8cotland, in 1684. See the next reign.

21.:1 1110GR \PIIICAL HISTORY

{;rcatcd
JUlie 21,
hi 11.

'rH 0 lVIAS, eflrl of Elgin,
Et. G2, 1 GG2. F'aithornc

.C. h. sh. Btjore his "Funeral SCrJllon."
There is a portrait of him at Dunham, the seat of the late &\rl
of 'V arrington, and now of Earl of Stamford.
This nobleman was brother, and successor in honour and estatr,
to Edward, lord Bruce, who was killed in a duel by Sir Edward
Sackville, afterward earl of Dorset. I-Ie attended Charles I. at his
coronation in Scotland, when he was created earl of Elgin. I-I e
was also created Baron Bruce, of 'Vharlton, in the county of
York, 17 Car. l. fIe was a Inal1 of uncommon parts, and of a
good domestic character. The delicacy of his constitution, which
was hectic, prevented him fi'OlD interesting himself in the admi-
nistration of public affairs, fur which he was well qualified by his
natural and acquired abilities. He was the first in descent frOlu-
l\Iary, queen of France, youngest daughter of Henry VII. Hi;;
son Robert was created earl of Ailesbury. Ob. 21 Dec. IG63,
jEt. 63.

'VILlJAi\I I(ERR, third earl of Lothian, fronl the
orig'inal of Ja17ÛeSOJl, ill the cullectioll of the J1Iust }{oúle
the lIIarqllis of Lothian. II. .lJ/eyer sc. III Lot/g,'c"s
" Portraits of Illustrious Personag'es of Great Britain,"
folio, quarto, and octavo.
'Villiam Kerr, third earl of Lothian, was the eldest son of Sir
Robert Kerr, created earl of Ancram in 1633, by Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of Sir John l\Iurray, of Blackbarony; but the earldom, whid.
had been settled first on the fruit of his father's second marriage
with Anne, daughter of \Villiam Stanley, sixth earl of Derby, and
widow of Sir Henry Portman, of Orchard, in Somersetshire, failing,
on the death of CharJes, the only son by the second marriage, it
reverted to this nobleman, whose lineal descendant, the present
l\Iarquis of Lotllian, now
njoys it. 'ViHiam, though third earl of
Lothian of his family, did not inherit that dignity. He had mar-
ried Anne Kerr, countess of Lothian in her own right, daughter
and heir to the second earl; a lady of his own blood, but most dis-
tant kindred, and the honour was therefore conferred on him by a
new patent, on the 3]st of July, 1631.
This earl, the chief care of whuse parents had been to fix ill his

OF ENGLAND.

2]5

nnnd, even from his infancy, an attachment. to monarchial govern-
ment, and an affectionate veneration towards the person of the
reigning king, becaIne, by a strange pcn'erseness, perhaps the nwst
sincere anò Litter enemy among his countrymen to both. In this
double rebellion, however, at once against his father and his prince,
he had the merit at least of consistency, for his fidelity to the C3.use
which he had espoused wa
invariable, anù even unsuspected, and
his ll10tives wholly disinterested; and heuce, rather than from his
talents, which were not of the highest class, he possessed the entire
confidence of his party. He appeared in 1638 anlong the most
vehement of the covenanters, anù was in the following year nomi-
nated, with thirteen others, to manage the deceitful and vexatious
treaty then offered by them to Charles, at Berwick. In 1640, he
had a command in the Scottish army which invalled England; was
present at the siege of Newcastle-upon- Tyne, which was tl1e only
exploit worth naming in the expedition; and on the reduction of that
town was appointed governor of it by the part.y which then ruled ia
Scothì.nd. He was soon after named one of the four commissioncrs
of the Scottish treasury; and in 1641 was placed at the head of a
deputation of trusty covenanters, who were sent to Lonùon to offer
to the parliament a Scottish army to serve against the Irish relwIs,
and to procure from that assembly an C'ngagement to maintain such
troop
as 111ight be raised for that purpose. This agreement, which
had indeed been previously made, and which had deeper views th:ln
the proposed expedition, was presently confirmed. Tbe army wag
leyied, anù Lothian, to whom the command of a regiment was
given, sailed with it to Ireland, where he seems to have done nothing
worth recording.
In the autumn of ] 646 he was placed at the head of a COlTI-
n1ission, under the authority and direction of whieh himself and
some others waited on the king, then in the hands of the Scottish
army, to exhort him to acceùe to the last bitter propositions offered
to him by the rebel parliament in England, which, as is well known,
Charle.s positively and magnanimou3ly refused. The surrender of
that prince's per:;on, by the traitors who then governed Scotlanù,
speedily followed. Lothian, who had been a wilJing party to that
infamous measure, and had protested in parliament ag-ainst a late
feeble dfort of doubtful loyalty, whidl is known in the Scottish
history by the name of " The Duke of IT amilton's engagement,'"
was now appointf'd secretary of state, in the room of that noble-
man's brother, Ùle earl of Lanerick, who soon after fled to Holland.

21G BIOC
RAPHICAL IIISTORY

In the mean time the close of Charles's n1iserÍes approached. A
treaty, however, still subsisted between him and his IIouse of Com-
n10ns, whose authority, now little less shorn than his own, the
leaders of the covenant faction had resolved to support to their
utmost; nor were they less anxious to deceive the world into a
milder opinion of their late treachery towards the king, by some
public expression of their horror and resentment of the extremities
to which he was reduced by the new military usurpation. With
these views, as Lord Clarendon informs us, "The I
arl of Lothian,
and two others, who were known to be most zealous for the cove-
nant, and most enraged and incensed against the proceedings of
the army, were made choice of, and presently sent away, that they
might make all possible haste to Westminster, and were, immedi-
ately upon their arrival, to demand permission to wait upon the
king, wherever he should be, and to receive from him such farther
directions as he should judge necessary for his service." They had
scarcely arrived in London when CromweH marched his army
thither; dispersed in a moment the frantic and iniquitous assembly,
which had for some years usurped the name aud authority of a
parliament, and erected his "high-court of justice" for the con-
demnation of the king.
The troubles of Lothian's commission was considerably narrowed
by these events. He had been directed to flatter this nomina] par-
liament; to amuse the unhappy Charles with new deceptions; and
to enter a cold dissent, should circumstances render it necessary,
from any resolution of violence against the royal person. A large
abstract of his instructions, displaying a turpitude of various trea-
chery, inconsistent even with the fraud and apathy of the vilest
diplomatic negociations recorded in history, has been preserved
by Lord Clarendon. Nothing, however, now remained to be done
but to Inake the protestation against the sacrifice of the king, which
was. not presented till he had been twice dragged before the tribu-
nal by which he was to be judged, and was couched in terms
which scarcely maintained even the affectation of sincerity. The
remnant of a legislature, which Cromwell had permitted to subsist,
partly understood the spirit which had dictated this profession, and
having first murdered the king, returned to Lothian such an an-
swer as they thought would be agreeable to the persons by WhOlll
he had been sent, as well as to himself, who, as Lord Clarendon in-
forms us, " had upon all occasions carried the lebellion highest, and
shewed the most implacable malice to the person of the king."

OF ]
NG. LA\
D.

21i

But, however wc1come the treason, some points in the rt-ply of
the traitors were little relished by Lothian and his brethren: they
were told plainly that the government of England was to be
strictly republican, and almost as plainly, that it was intended to
compel Scotland to adopt the same system. The constitution of
Scotland, a monarchy with few limitations, had remained untouched;
and the covenanters, far from aiming at the destruction of the regal
character, looked forward with hope to the authority of the young
king, as an instrument which they might easily bend to the accom-
plishment of an their purposes. The commissioners therefore re-
joined, in a tone which gave much offence; and their English friends,
having neither time nor inclination to expostulate farther with tllem,
and foreseeing some probable inconvenience, frOtTI the liberty of
persons of such condition disposed to argue for loyalty, shut them
up without ceremony, nor were they released till the arrival of a
remonstrance from Scotland, when they were sent to Gravesend,
strictly guarded, and embarked there for their own country.
Of Lothian, we have 110 farther intelligence after this period,
dlan that he was dispatched to Breda by the Parliament in the
beginning of the succeeding year, 1650, together with the Earl of
Cassalis and others, to invite Charles the Second to Scotland, on
the hard conditions, so frequently rejected by his royal father, as
they now were by himself.
'Villiam, third earl of Lothian, survived till 1675. He had issue
by his countess, five sons; Robert, the eldest., who succeeded to the
dignities, and was in 1701 created Inarquis of Lothian; Sir 'Vil-
liam; Charles, ancestor of th<<:: Kerrs of Abbotsrule; Harry and
John, who died young. He had also nine daughters; Anne, wife
of Alexander Fraser, master of Saltoun; Elizabeth, married to
John lord Borthwick; Jane and Margaret, who died young; Mary,
wife of James Brodie, of Brodie; Margaret, married to J ame

Richardson, of Smeaton; Vere, to Lord Neil Campbell, secon(l
son of Archibald, marquis of Argyll; Henrietta, to Francis Scott,
of Thirlcstane; and Lilias, who died unmarried.

JOI-IN CAMPBELL, earl of Loudon. J. Thane.

.JOIlAN. Com. Loudoun Summus Scotiæ Ca11cel-
Iarius, 1645; in Af)Ùnon's " lJIcdals," }). 15.
VOJ... IV. 2 F

218 BJOGRAPIIICAL IJISTOR Y

John Campbel1, son to Sir James Campbell, of Lawers, the
founder of the House of Lawers, was, by I(ing Charles the First,
created Earl of Loudon, 1633. I-lis lordship was appointed com-
missioner from the covenanters in Scotland, and committed to the
Tower for signing a letter written by the Marquis of IVlontrose,
offering to put his country under the protection of the French king,
provided he would assist the party in their designs. A fter a few
months confinement he was released by the interposition of the
Marquis of Hamilton, and, renewing his professions of duty to the
king, was appointed lord-chancellor of Scotland, being esteemed the
most eloquent Inan of his time. On the defeat of the king at the
battle of Worcester, he fled to the Highlands, made his peace, and
died in obscurity, 1663.

RICHARD US, dominus MAITLAND, &c. [(ncl-
ler p. Vandrebanc sc. larg'e h. slz.

RICARDUS, dominus MAITLAND, &c. Æt. 31, ] 683.
.lJlichelin; P. VandrehllJlc. This is the first iJ71pressioJl :
it 'loas afterward altered to 1'"cse1Jzvle ](lleller's picture;
scarce.

RICHARD, earl of Lauderdale. Harding.

RICHARD, &c. V. Berghe.
Richard, lord l\-Iaitland, was eldest son of Charles, earl of Lau-
derdale, brother to the high-commissioner of Scotland.. He was
lord justice-clerk for that kingdom, to which high office he was
promoted in 1681: he was also one of the privy-council in this
reign. He lost his places for corresponding with the Earl of Argyle,
who was attainted. This occasioned his flying into France, where
he translated tlte "Æneis," which he thoroughly understood as a
grammarian, or verbal critic. We see the tame, the uninformed
features of Virgil in this translation; but he has seldom, if ever

· Upon the ùccc
se of the high-commissioner, the title of Duke became extinct,
Rnd tbe dignity of Earl descended to his brother Charles, who was succeeded by
his son Richard, 1691.

OF ENGLAND.

219

hit the majestic air of that prince of Roman poets: and even wbere
the latter has exerted all his fire, his translator is as cold as death.

It Such is our pride, our folly, or our fate,
That few but those who cannot write translate.-DF.
HAl\I.

He died abroad, soon after the revolution.

GUALTERUS, Comes de LESLIE, Cæsareus ad
Portam Ottomanicam Orator. A neat whole leng;tlz,
holding a truncheon.

Count* Leslie, a Scotsman, who was able in the cabinet, and
prudent and intrepid in the field, was, from his exact knowledge of
Inen and manners, perfectly skilled in the arts of negotiation. Sir
Paul Rycaut, in his Dedication of "The present State of the
Ottoman Empire;' informs us, that in his embassy to the Porte,
he was treated by the Turks with greater distinction and regard
than they bad ever paid to any ambassador.t '] he same author,
who was well acquainted with his character, speaks of him in these
terms; "To do justice to this worthy person, he hath brought a
reputation to the British nation above any in our age; whose vir-
tues and industry have acquired the highest trusts and preferments
in foreign parts, and done the same honour to his king, under whom
he was born a subject, as to tbe present emperor and his ancestors,
under whom he is, and hath always been a faithful minister; hav-
i.ng deserved so eminently for saving the whole German empire

. 'I!I TIe was a count of tIle empire, and maJ ùe placed Ilere, or at the end of Illis
<:Jas's.
t See cc A Relation of a Journey of the Right Honourable my Lord Henry
Howard, from London to Yienna, and thence to Cumtantinople in the Campau)' of
]1Ís Excellency Count Lesley. Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece, Cuun-
sellur or State to his Imperial l\Iajesty, &c. and Extraordinary .Ambassador from
I.eopoldus, emperor of Germany, to the Grand Signior, Sultan l\Iahomet Hau the
:Fourth. By John Eurbury, Gent." lõ71, l
roo.
Lord Henry Howard, who was afterward Duke of Norfolk,: began his journey
in :February. 16õ-t., and went to Constantinople the same year. It appears, at
p. 34, of this bouk, that Francis Hay, baron of Delgate, was Jlephew to Count
Leslie. He was onc of the embassy, as was also l\Ir. Edwanl Howard, brother to
Lord Henry. The Earl of \Vinchelsea was then English ambassadur ;-at COJl&tall-
tinople.

'Vood's U }'asti," ii. col. 172.

220 BIOGRA PIIICAL IIISTOR Y

from the treason of 'Vallestein, by his own single act of bravery (a.
story notoriously known to all the world), as can never in gratitude
be forgot by that nation, nor want its due record and place in the
history of that country." Lady l\:1ary 'V ordey Montague, in her
letter from Peterwaradin,. tells us that Count Lesly laid Belgrade in
ashes, 1685. It is probable, that, by this exploit, he restored tran..
quillity to the empire.
'V alter, count Leslie, died March 4th, 1667-8.

CHARLES SEATON, earl of Dunfermline. Jíich-
ardsoJl ,. 1796.
CAR. SETONU
, &c: in SiJJlOn'S H AIedals,"plate..cYX

Charles Seaton, second earl of Dunfermline, who in the begin..
Ding of the civil troubles engaged with the covenanters, was one of
the COlnmittee of parliament, in 1640; and one of the Scotch com-
D1issioners appointed to treat with the king for peace, and was ap-
pointed privy-counsellor for life by the parliament, in 1641. He was
also one of the conllnittee of estates, from 1644 to 1646; but re-
turned to his allegiance, and was appointed lord privy-sea], by
Charles II. in 7116. Ob. 1674. See the reign of CHARLES I.

JAMES ERSKINE, earl of Buchan; fro1Jz an
Qriginal }JaÙzting in the possession of the Earl of
Buchan. TTotter 8C. 8vo.

James Erskine, seventh earl of Buchan, succeeded his father as
earl of Buchan, in the year 1640. He had a fine of 1000l. imposed
on him for his loyalty to King Charles the First; but obtained a
remission by Cromwell's act of grace and pardon in 1654.
This nobleman greatly improved the paternal estate, being heir to
his mother, l\Iary Douglass, countess of Buchan, who died in ) 628,
and becoming entitled to considerable property in fight of Margaret
Ogil\'y, his grandmother, who died A pril20, 1630. The same year
he became heir-general to Patrick Ogilvy, of Auchterhouse, his
great gTandfather. He married Lady l\Iarjory Uarnsay, eldest

· Yol. j, p.l;;1.

OF ENGLAND.

221

daughter of \Villiam, first earl of Dalhousie, and by her had issue,
William, eighth earl of Buchan, and four daughters: Lady l\lar-
garet, first married to Fraser of lnneraluchy, and afterward to
Charles, fourth lord Fraser; Lady Anne, luarried to James
Canaries, D. D. ; Lady Henrietta, married to Thomas Forbes, of
Tolquhoun; and Lady Jane, married to George Gray, of Halker-
ton. His lordship died in October, 1664.

IRISH NOBILITY.*

ROGER, earl of Orrery, &c. J. ]}IJjJlde sc. Svo.
ROGER, earl of Orrery. Harding.

Roger, earl of Orrery,t fifth son of Richard, earl of Corke,
nlerited, as well as his father, the appellation of Great. He was
great in the cabinet, but much greater in the field, where he acted
a very capital part, and may deservedly be ranked with our military
heroes. No man, in these latter ages, has more distinguished him-
self for cool courage, pregnant invention, and reach of thought
than he has done, in the very article of difficulty and danger;
in which none of our countrymen ever equalled him but the great
Earl of Peterborough, who was altogether as happy in his strata-
gems and expedients. He, like Atticus, prudently adapted him-
self to the changes of the times; but not by a timid and cautious
conduct, or securing himself by inaction, much less by mean or
sordid compliances. He was a most useful subject to Charles the
First, Cromwell, and Charles the Second. He was not great in
poetry, having written several of his dramatic pieces in the gout,
the paroxysms of which seem to have occasioned some straining
and distortion of thought in these compositions. Dryden some-

· In Gough's H Anecdotcs of TopograplIY," p. 686, mention is made of a head
of Lord Donnegal, by Hollac, in a map of Ellnishore (Enishowen), a province in
Ireland, dated 1667. The person here represented is Arthur Chichester, secund
Earl of Uonncgal, anrl nephew to Arthur the first.
See an account of him ill
Lodge's H Peerage," vol. i. p. 228.
t He often occurs in histoT
' under the title of Lord Broghill.

Creatcd 30 !\larch, 1617.

Created
Sepl.5,
1660.

222 BlOC It A PII I CA. L II 1ST 0 R Y

where - c
mpares the issue of his brain to the son of Semele, the
god who was proùuced in torture. lVlr. '\Valpole, who has given
us a detail of his writings, observes, that "the Gout was a very
impotent rnuse."* His "Art of 'Var," published in folio, 1677,
is a work that does him honour, and is well worthy the reader's
notice.t He died October 16, 1670, in the fifty-ninth year of
his age. His" State Letters," together with his Life, by his
chaplain, lVIr. Thonlas Morric
, are well worth the notice of the
reader.

TI-IOJ\tIAS, earl of Ossory. TTan lIcve sc. h. sit.
THOl\IAS, earl of Ossory; a sJJlal1 oval,. Ule::z.
TUOl\IAS, earl of Ossory. Ravenel sc. Eng'1'.avcdfor
Carte's "Life of the Duke of OrJ7lond;" Jol.
"THO:UAS, lord BUTLER, earl of Ossory, general of
his majesty's subjects of Great Britain, in the service
of his highness the Prince of Orange, and the States
of the United Provinces; lieutenant-general of his
ll1ajesty's forces in the kingdon1 of Ireland; lord-
chan1berlain to the queen; one of the lords of his
Inajesty
s most honourable priyy-council, in the'
kingdoms of England and Ireland; one of the lords
of his nlajesty's bed-chanlber; and knight of the
1l10St noble order of the Garter." LeZy p. VaJldrebaJlc
SC. slz.

A pompous list of titles and honours, under the portraits of men
of rank, son1ctimes compose the history of the person represented.

· fI J\ oble Authors," vol. ii. p. 239, 2d edit.
t I cannot say so much for his" Parthcnissa," a romance, in fulio, wl1idl was
never completed. The author probabJy thought it unfashionable not to exercise his
pen in this species of writing, whicb was much in vogue in the reign of Charles II.
"Then England ap'd the gallantrics of France,
And cycry flowery courtier wrote romance.
The greatest work of this kinel is "Artamencs, or the Grand CJI"US," whi.ch is not
vf a size suilablc tu the grandeur of it
hero.

OF ENGLA.ND.

223

Here we have a man who shone with unborroweJ lustre, whose
merit was the foundation of his faIlle. Though he seemed born
for the camp only, he was perfectly qualified for the court; not as
a wit, a mimic, or buffoon, but by a propriety of behaviour, the
)'esult of good sense and good breeding. Hís courage on board
the fleet was scarcely exceeded by that of Prince Rupert and tbe
Duke of Albemarle; and theirs was never exceeded by that of
any other sea-officer. He COlTI1l1anded the English troops in the
service of the Prince of Orange; and at the battle of 1\'lons contri- 1G77.
buted greatly to the retreat of l\1arshal Luxemburg, to whom
Lewis XIV. was indebted for the greatest part of his n1ilitary glory.
He, on this occasion, received the thanks of the Duke of Villa
HeflTIOSa, governor of the Spanish Netherlands, and also the thanks
of his Catholic Majesty himself. His speech, addressed to the
Earl of Shaftesbury, in vindication of his father, was universally
applauded:'*' it even confounded that intrepid orator, who was in
the senate what the Earl of Ossory was in the field. These his
great qualities were adorned by a singular modesty, and a probity
which nothing could corrupt. Poets and historians praise him in
111uch the same terms, as prose naturally rises to the language of
poetry on so elevated a subject. He died of a fever, July 30, 1680,
in the 46th year of his age. The Duke of Ormond, his father, said,
" that he would not exchange his dead son for any living son in
Christendom." See Class VII.

ROGER PALMER, earl of Castlemaine; ZJ2 a
larg;e 'iBig,. 121720. (Faithorlle.)
ROGER, earl of Castlemaine. Harding'.
ROG ER P A LI\IER, earl of Castlen1aine; frol1l fill
original by ](ncller, at Str{l1vberry Hill, ill the " }{oble
Authors," by P{lJ"/l.

Roger Palmer, husband to Mrs. Palmer, the royal mistress,t
was, by Charles II. created earl of Castlemaine. A man of nice
honour would never have accepted of this title, as the whole world

.. See" Biog. Brit."p.1075.
t Afterwarù Dutch('s!! of Clcvchnd.

224 BI 0 G. RAPIII CA L IIIST 0 R Y

knew on what account it was conferred. It indeed appears that l1e
had some scruples upon that head, as he did not accept of it when
it was first offered him. In 1680 he was accused as an accomplice
in the Meal-tub Plot, and was brought to a public trial; but nothing
was proved against him. He was a good proficient in the mathe-
matics, and was the inventor of a " horizontal globe," of which he
wrote an explanaiory pamphlet.*' He was author of" An Account
of the present War betwixt the Venetians and the Turks," &c. 1660;
I
mo. and of " A short and true Account of the material Passages
in the late 'Var betwixt the English and Dutch ;" 1671; 121no. His
head is prefixed to both these books. See more of him, and his
works, in the " Catalogue of the Royal and noble Authors." See
also the reign of J Al\1ES II.

HENRICUS HERUS, baro de Colerane, &c.
Jzalf-lcng.th, standing at a table,. h. sh. This print was
begun by Faithorne, 'lcho eng'raved the face, '/Dig, and
neckcloth, and a vcry s1Jlall part of the a(!}oining dra-
pery; the rest
vas done by Vertue. t
HENRY, lord Colerane, with Thomas Killegrew,
inscribed" The princely Slzephe7 1 ds."
HEXRY, lord Colerane, LEt. 67, 1703; 1JZfZ;:;. oval,.
VIVIT HERVS.

IIENRY HARE, lord Colerane; in" Noble Authors,"
by lJIr. Par/to

HENRY HARE, or HERE, lord Cdlerane; an anony-
'inous whole leng,th, in a pilg'rim's habit, sitting' and
?l.:ritillg; Jacob's ladder, with ang'els ascending' and de-
scending, in a pyranzid; a vie'lv of Vcnice at a distance.
Faithorne sC. h. sh.

.. "Hist. of Europe (or 1705."
t From the information of hi" ,,,idow.

o l
EX G LAN D.

225

The rf'verend Mr. Lort, latc Greek professor at Cml1bridge, on
whose authority I rely, informed nle that this is the portrait of Lord
Colerane; and that the print is prefixed to l.auredanus's " Ascent
of the Soul."
Henry, son of Hugh, the first baron of Colerane, was eminent Crcat('d
for divine and human literature. He was particularly skilled in 1 fi25.
antiquities, especially medals, of which he well knew the utility.
His family, which is said to have sprung fronl a branch of that of
Harcourt, in Lorrain, and to have had its descent from one of the
Norman adventurers who attended the Conqueror, has been noted
for men of learning.
Lord Colerane's publications appear to have been" The Ascf'nt
of the Soul; or David's l\Iount towards God's House: being
Paraphrases on the Fifteen Psalms of Degrees. 'Vritten in Italian,
by the illustrious Gio. Francesco Loredano, a noble Venetian,
1656; rendered into English, Anno Dom. 1665:" Lond. 1681; foJ.
Before this book is a frontispiece engraved by Faithorne from his
Lordship's own design: it is an allegorical print of the translator in
a pilgrim's habit, sitting and writing. The book itself is dedicated
to the most honoured Lucinda, in verse and prose: and at the close
of the volume are verses superscribed-" The eucharist at Easter,
1657; on the recover'y of my 1110st dear and honoured Lucinda."
" La Scala Santa; or, a Scale of Devotion, musical and gradual:
being Descants on the Fifteen Psalms of Degrees il} Metre; with
Contemplations and Collects upon them, in Prose, " 1670: 1681; fol.

ARrrHUR CHICHESTER, earl of Donnega1.
W. Hollar, 1661 ; a sJJzalt oval, in {f JJzap of Ell isltO'lccn :
in the British l}:fllscllJJz,. copied.

Arthur, the eldest son of Edward, viscount Chichester, was born
June 16, 1606; and July 16, 1625, was appointed captain of the
first troop or company that should become void; which happening
in 1627, by the resignation of the Lorù Valentia, he succeeded him
in the commanù of fifty horsemen, and was made governor of Car-
l'ickfergus for life, after the decease of his father. In 1639, he
represented the county of Antrim in parliament'; in 1640, was cap-
tain of sixty-three carbineers, with the pay of 11. 4s,a day, and. by the
name of Colonel Arthur Chichester, did good service against the
rebels.

VOL. IV.

2G

226 BIOGllAPJIICAL HISTORY

He was residing at Carrickfergus wben the first tidings were
brought thither, on Saturday, October 23, 1641, about ten o'clock
at night, of the approach of the rebels. He immediately, by fires
and alarm drums, raised the country, and tbe next day (leaving only
fifty musketeers, under Captain Roger Lyndon, to guard the castle)
delivered the rest of the arms, with ammunition, to the country
people) whOln he formed into companies; and on the 25th, with
about three hundred horse and foot, marched to Belfast, w11el'e he
was joined by one hundred and fifty rnen from Antrim. On the 27th,
he nlet the Lord Montgomery at Lisburne, whose forces united
were about one thousand horse and foot; and November 1, a COln-
Inission arriving from the Lords Justices and Council, to him and
Sir Arthur Tyringham, to command in chief within the county of
Antrim, and to order and dispose of places according to their dis-
cretion, they took the best methods in their power for the defepce
of the country, and suppression of the rebellion.
King Charles, being satisfied of his loyalty and affection, and of
his good abilities to serve him, constituted him by commission,
Feb. 14, 1643, governor of Belfast and the territory of Enishowen,
forbidding all persons to billet or garrison any soldiers in those
places, or make any assessments upon the inhabitants, without his
licence and approbation; and for the better fortifying of the town
of Belfast, his majesty directed the lord-lieutenant to advance 1000/.
to hiln forthwith.-But when, through the defection of the army in
the north, he could do the king no farthel'
ervice in those parts, he
removed to Dublin, where, in December, lô44, he was sworn of the
privy-council; and Jan. 2, following, with the rest of the officers of
the l\1arquis of Ormond's regiment, resolved not to take the cove-
nant, then imposed upon them by the English parliament, but to
preserve their al1egiance to his maje$ty, and obey the orders of his
lord-lieutenant.
His fidelity to his prince, affection to his country, and activity
against the rebels, were so eminent, that the l\larquis of Ormond,
in his letter to the king, Jan. 19, 1645, thus represents him to l1Ïs
majesty: "You have been graciously pleased oflate to reward some,
that have either served your maje
ty actually, or suffered for you
eminently in their persons or fortunes, with new creations, or with
additions of honour in this kingdom. That Colonel Arthur Chi-
chester hath missed such a mark of your majesty's favour, I con-
ceive to have been through his own 1110desty, and Iny not represent-
ing his pcrsonallnerit. If he outlives his father, he will be in among

OF ENGL.AND.

221

the forenlost of the viscounts of this kingdom in place, and, I mn
sure, beyond them alJ, except one, in fortune, thoug'h he be for the
present deprived of the latter for his faithfulness to your majesty's
crown, the same means whereby his uncle got both it and his
honour. He hath served your majesty against the Irish rebellion
since tbe beginning of it ; and when, throu
'h an almost general
defection of the northern army, he was no longer able to serve your
majesty there, he came, with much hazard, to take his share ill the
sufferings of your servants here, and with them to attend for that
happy time, that, we trust, will put us in a condition to contribute
more to your service than our prayers. If your majesty shall think
fit to advance this gentleman to an earldom, I conceive that of
DunnegaB, a county in the province of Ulster, wherein he should
have a good inheritance, is fittest, which I humbly offer to your
majesty's consideration, as a part of the duty of
" Your majesty's, &c.
" OR:i\ION D."

The king, upon this representation, was pleased, by privy.seaI,
dated at Newcastle, Jan. 15, 1646, and by patent at Dublin,
lVlarch 30, 1647, to create him Earl of Donnegal, with limitation of
the honour to the issue male of11is father, and the annual creation
fee of 15l. sterling. In 1647, he was one of the four hostages sent
by the l\larquis of Ormond to the English parliament, as surety for
his performance of the articles between them, for the delivery of
Dublin, and the other garrisons, to their cOilllnissioners.
After the restoration he was made captain of a troop of horse,
and in 1662, one of the trustees for satisfaction of the personal
arrears of the commissioned officers, for service in Irel:1.nd befure
June 5, 16-19. June 25, 1661, he took his seat in the first parlia-
ment after the restoration; was governor of Carrickfergus; and in
1668, established a mathelnaticallecture in the university of Dublin ;
but dying at Belfast, March 18, 1674, was buried at Carrickfergus,
May '20, 1675, according to his request in his will, whereby he
bequeathed to the poor of that parish 50!. and to those of Belfast
2001.

MURROCI-I O'BRIEN, first earl of lnchiquin;
a sJJzal1 head, inscribed, 1646, 1-IOll. D. .i.livr. Bar.

228 n lOG It
\. P II I C .A L II 1ST 0 R Y

Dinghinquin. D. Præses. Prov. lJlorJloJlic, Æt. 30.
in SÙnon's "kledals," plate .LYV.

1\-1 urroch O'Brien, the sixth baron of Inchiquin, was a nobleman
of great spirit, and performed many brave actions for the service of
his country, in the distracted time of the rebellion. At his accessiO:l
to the honour he was in his minority, but had a special livery of his
lands, and taking early to arms, went into Italy, then the seat of
war, to improve himself in that science; where he served in the
Spanish troops till his return to Ireland in 1639, in which year he
took his seat in parliament, and was constituted vice-president of
l\lunster, under Sir William St.. Leger, whom he accompanied
against the rebels in the county of Waterford, and with Colonel
Jephson marched into Roche's country and Orrery; relieved the
cast1e of Rathgogan, and took Ballyha, with the slaughter of twù
hundred of the enemy.
Having the command of a troop of English horse, he defeated
a party of Irish in the barony of Fermoy; and on Sir ,\VillÜun
St. Leger 9 s death, the lord-lieutenant conferred on him the entire
Inilitary command of Munster, joining the Earl of Barrymore in
commission with him, to manage the civil government; upon whose
decease be became solely vested with the civil command, and was of
the privy-council to King CharJes the First.
In the latter end of the war, 'his forces being seduced by Crom-
well's spies, revolted, whereby finding himself exposed to his ene-
l11ies, and his life in danger, he embarked with Lord Ormond, and
landed at Perouse, in Basse-Bretagne, in France; from whence he
went to Italy, and, returning to France, was made lieutenant-general
by the French king of his army: after which he served in Spain and
the Netherlands; and being ordered to command the troops sent to
assist the Portuguese on their revolt from Spain, he, with his eldest
son, and all his family, were taken by an Algerine corsair, which
occasioned the sending of Count Schomberg on that service, who
.extricated the King of Portugal from many troubles.
Having ransomed himself and family, he retired into France, and
surviving his own private troubles, and the confusions of the public,
lived to see the restoration of Charles II. with whom he returned
iuto England, and was rewarded by him, for his eminent services
and sufferings, with the dignity and title of Inchiquill, and was

O.F ENGLAN D

220

restored to his estate by act of parliament in England; and in the
act of explanation, the sum of 80001. was ordered to be paid him out
of the treasury, as a mark of his majesty's favourable and gracious
consideration of his loyal service.
His lordship by his wiH, dated Sept. I], 1673, directed his body
to be buried in the cathedral church of Limerick, and after his
youngest daughter Mary's portion of 3000l. should be paid, that hi

son should cause a handsome and decent monument to be built
over his grave. Lord Inchiquin died Septelnber the 9th6 1674,
aged 58.

IIILDEBRAND, third and ]ast lord Allington,
of Kinard, in Ireland. R. Wilkinson c.rc. 4to.

This nobleman succeeded his nephew Giles, lord Allington, of
WimonLlley, in the county of Hertford, who died an infant of ten
years old, in 1691 ; in whom the English Barony ceased, and the
Irish honour devolved on his uncle Hildebrand, in whom, he dying
without issue, the male line of the Allingtons and the title became
extinct together.
William, lord Allington, elder brother of Hildebrand, third and
last lord of the family, left his estate, at that time the largest
in Cambridgeshire, to his relict, till his children came of age, with
a power of granting leases, in order to raise fortunes for his daugh-
ters, and that then it should go to his heir male. The will, however,
being improperly drawn up, the widow found she had a power of
granting leases for any time; and accordingly made a lease of the
whole to Henry Bromley, afterwards lord Montfort, for 999 years;
so that llildebrand, lord Allington, uncle and heir Inale of Giles the
last lord, could receive no benefit from the reversion, and sold his
right to the said 1\lr. Bromley. An act of parliament, obtained
some years since, enabled the late Lord l\lontford (or others for him)
to dispose of this estate to pay incumbrances; and by virtue of
the powers contained in this act, the noble seat of Horseheath
I-Iall has been sold to strangers, and has been subsequently pulled
down.

\VENTWORTII DILLON, earl of IloscoIl1n1011.
,51. Harding', 1800..

230 B lOG R A. PHI C A L HIS TOR Y

'Ventworth Dillon, son of James, the thirJ earI of Roscommon,
is supposed to have been born in Ireland about the year 1633,
during the government of that country by the Earl of Strafford,
who, being both his uncle and godfather, g'ave him his surname.
At his seat in Yorkshire he was first instructed in l.atin, in which
he made considerable progress; but when the prosecution com-
111enced against l.ord Strafford, he was sent to Caen, in Normandy,
by the advice of Archbishop Usher, who had converted his flther
frOln popery. At Caen he prosecuted his academical studies unùer
the learned Bochart; and afterward travelled into Italy, where he
examined with care the valuable remains of classical antiquity, and
acquired uncomnlOn skill in the knowledge of n1edals. Soon after
the restoration, Lord Roscommon returned to England, and was
made captain of the band of pensioners; but this preferment
proved a misfortune, as it led him into extravagances which induced
a passion for gaming. This impaired his fortune, involved him in
quarrels, and Inade it prudent for him to retire to Ireland to look
after his estate. On his return to England 'he was appointed
master of the horse to the Dutchess of York, and 1l1arried Frances,
daughter of the Earl of Burlington. He now cultivated literature,
and formed a plan of a literary society; but the gout put a period
to his life and his project in 1684. At the moment in which he
expired, he repeated with the most fervent devotion two lines of
his own version of Dies Iræ.

6' l\Iy God, my father, and my friend,
Do not forsake me at my end."

Lord Roscommon was the author of several poetic pieces, whicb
possess considerable merit, but on which such high commendations
,vere bestowed in his own time, as he probably would not have
obtained had he been of inferior rank. Fenton partially remarks,
" In his writings we view the image of a mind that was naturally
serious and solid, richly furnished, and aùorned with all the orna-
ments of art and science, and those ornaments unaffectedly dis-
posed in the Inost regular and elegant order." From this account
of the riches of his n1Ïnd, says pro Johnson, who would not
imagine that they had been displayed in large volumes and nu-
merous performances? who would not be surprised that they are
not sufficient to fonn a single book, or to appear otherwise than
in conjunction with the works of some other writer of the same
lH::tly size? 'Ve Inust however allow of ltoscollullun, what is very

OF ENGL..\ND.

231

D1uch to his honour, that he is the only correct writer in verse before
Addison; and that if there are not so many or so great beauties in
his compositions as in those of some contemporaries, there are at
least fewer faults. His versification is smooth, but rarely vigorous,
and his rhymes are remarkably exact. He improved taste if he did
not enlarge knowledge, and may be numbered among the bene-
factors to English literature.

:END OF "OL. IV.

P.iuted by J. F. Don
. St. Johu'! Square.

DIRECTIONS

FOR PLACING RICIIARDSON'S COLLECTION OF PORTRAITS IN GRANGER'S
BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND.

""... The Numemls standfor the Vol, and the Figuresfor the Page.

ABEL, Ald. and R. Kilvert, hvo maine projectors for wine,
1641, iii. 248.
Alabaster, Guil. Æt. suæ LXVI. Ii. 351.
Albemarle, Christopher, duke of, iv.156.
-, Anne, dutchess of, v. 355.
Allen, Tholnas, 1\1. A. ii. 145.
Alsop, George, v. 56.
Archangel, Father; inscribed, "Reverendus Pater Archan-
gel us," &c. ii. 82.
Archee, jester to King Charles I.; inscribed,

" This is no l\lockle John nor Sommers Will,
But here is mirth drawn from the Muses quill :
Doubt not (kinde Reader), be but pleas'd to view
These witty jests, they are 110t ould but new."

iii. 241.

Armstrong, sir Thomas, executed 1684, v. 174.
Arundell, Thomas, earle of, ii. 274.
, Alathea Talbot, countess of, iii. 208.
Asblnole, Elias, iv. 55.
Aylett, Robert; inscribed,

" Dies mei sunt nt ombra inclinata,
Consumpsimus annos taoquam sermonem."

iii. 29.

Ayscue, sir George, v. 158.
VOL. I'. 2h

234

DIRECTIONS FOR PJ.J4CING

BACK'VELL, Ed\vard, alderman of London, Obit. IG79,
v. 18-1.
Bacon, sir Nathaniel, i. 330.
Balfore, sir 'Villiam, iii. 109.
Bancroft, the Rev. Richard, archbishop of Canterbury,
ii. 43.
ßanfi, John; inscribed, '
Johannes Banfi Huniades Rivu-
lensis Ungarus olin1," &c. Gowy del. iii. 282.
Barkley, sir Robert, one of the justices of the I{ing's
Bench, iii. 19.
Barkstead, John, regicide, executed at Tybul'n, 1662,
v. 135.
Baron, Robert; inscribed,

.. Vultus Appellinea victus Barone tabella est.
Totus Apo1liuea pingitm' arto liber."
Æt. S'llæ 17. Hi. 138.
Beard, r.I.""honlas, schoolmaster to Oliver Croffi\vell; in-
scribed, " Pedantius," ii. 375.
Bedford, Lucy IIarrington, countess of; inscribed, " N 0-
bilissima & Prudent. Do. Lucia Harin. com. Bedfordiæ,"
ii. 171.
Bell, Francis, a jesuit; inscribed, "R. P. F. Franciscus
Bel Conventus," &c. ii. 385.
Benlo\ves, Edward, iv. 38.
Bethel, Slingsby, esq. one of the sheriffs of London and
Middlesex, anno 1680, v. 184.
Blount, sir Henry, v. 275.
Brady, Henry; inscribed, " Adm. Itev. illustri clarissimoq.
D. D. H. Brady, equiti," &c. v.91.
Brereton, sir William, major-gen. of Cheshire, Stafford-
shire, and Lancashire, iii. 74.
Bridgeman, Dr. John, bishop of Chester, 1628, Ïi. 168.
Brog, sir 'VilIiaIn; inscribed," Heer 'Vilhelm Brog, Rid-
der enrle coronel general Vande Scotsche natie anno
1635," iii. 81.

THE PORTRAITS.

235

131011IC, Richard; inscribed,
U Reader! 10 heere thou wilt lwo faces findc,
One of llie body, l' other of the minde ;
This hy the graver so, tJlat with much strife,
Wee thinke Brome dead, 1lee's drawne so to the life
TI.mt by's owne pen's done so ingeinoosly
That who read's it must thinke bee ne'er sbaH dy."-A. B.
iii. 131.
Bro\vne, Richard, major-general of Oxon, Berkshire, and
B uckin ghalD, iii. 71.
Bruen, John, i. 303.
Buckingbaln, George Villiers, duke of; from an extra rare
print by Droeshout, ii. 23.
Bullaker, John; inscribed, "R. P. F. Joannes Baptista,
alias BuUaker," &c. ii. 384.
Bullen, or Bulleyn, initial IeUers 'V. B. i. 305.
Bullingbrooke, Oliver St. John, earle of, Lord St. John of
BJetso, ii. 299.
Burton, William De Fald. com. Staff. anno Æt. Sllæ 47,
1()22, ii. 147.

C..-\l.. ENDER, the carle of, iii. 79.
Calver, Mr. Edward, of Wilbie in the county of SuffoIke,
iii. 106.
Cameron, sir EVJen, chief of the clan Can1cron, iv. 13.
Carleton, George; inscribed, " Vera effigies R di in Christo
Patris Carleton Episc Pi Cicestriensi
;' ii. 57.
Cart\vright, sir Hugh, chevalier Anglois, iv. 22.
-, William; inscribed,

" 'rhos thy left hand the migbty Stagyrite
Supports, thal thou mightst shield him w th thy right :
"'hose early soul aym'd high yet al!waies hit;
The sharpest, deanest, full square, leading wil ;
The best tymes besl, could'st farthest soonest pierce,
Of all that walk in prose or dance in verse;
Tis Cartwright in his shadow't1 shadow dresl,
Be ncver is transcril> 'd that once writes best:'

ii. 3()7.

236

DIRECTIONS FOR PLACING

Carve, Thomas, Tipperariensis N otarÍus Apostolicus, v. 97.
CastIehaven, J\'Iervin, earl of, ii. 326.
CawtoD, Thomas; inscribed, "Si non nunc quando,"iii.33t1.
Chambers, Dr. anno Æt. suæ 88, i. 173.
Chapman, George, ii. 129.
Child, sir Josiah, bart. vi. 123.
Clifford, lady Anne, the only daughter and heir of George,
earl of Cumberland, Æt. 13, 1603, ii. 17ft
Colerane, Constantia Lucy, lady, v. 401.
CoIIege, Stephen; inscribed,
" By Irish oaths & wrested law I fell,
A prey to Rome, a sacrifice to hell.
My bleeding innocence, for jusLice cryes ;
Heare, beare, 0 Heaven, for man my suit denyes,"

vi. 8.
Corbet, coI. Miles, regicide, executed at Tyburn, ] ()62,
v. 201.
Cork, Richard Boyle, first earl of, ii. 327.
Cornish, aldernlan, executed October 23, 1685, vi. 129.
Coryate, Thomas; inscribed, " Vera effigies Thomæ Co-
ryat," ii. 149.
Cottington, Francis, Jord, ii. 273.
Cotton, Charles, esq. v. 252.
Crompton, Hugh, iv. 41.
CromweH, Elizabeth, ,vife of the Protector; inscribed,
II From feigned glory amI usurped throne,
And all tbe grealnesse to me falsely shown,
And from the arts of government set free,
See bow Protectress aud a Drudge agree,"

iii. 298.
Cumberland, George Clifford, carl of, anned for a tour-
nament, i. 243.
Curtius, sir 'VilIiam, vi. 36.
Cutts, John, lord, iv. 119.

DANI EL, Samuel, poet, ii.12S.
Davies, J ohn, ,vriting
master of J-Irfcford, ii. 165.

THE PORTRA ITS.

2:37

De la l\ler, Henry Booth, lord, vi. 77.
Denbigh, Basil FieJding, earl of, ii. 296.
Denny, lord, i. 137.
Derby, Charles, carl of, lord Stanley, &c. iv. 165.
Desborough, major-general John, iii. 366.
Devonshire, Edward Courtney, earl of, i. 190.
Dingley, Robert; inscribed, " Vera effigies Roberti Din-
glei in Artib. Mag-istri," iii. 326.
Dixie, sir W olstan, lord mayor, 1585, i. 300.
Dod, John; inscribed,

,., A grave divine; precise, not turbulent;
And never guilty of the churches rent.
Meek even to sinners; most devout to God:
This is but part of the due praise of Dod."

ii. 7/-1.

Dolben, John, archbishop of York, 1683, Ob. 1686, v. l;i.
Dorislaus, Dr. assassinated at the Hague, 1649, iii. 30.
Dorset, Edward Sackville, earl of, ii. 285.
Drayton, Michael; inscribed, "Effigies Michaelis Dray-
ton, armigeri poetæ," ii. 127.

ELLESMERE, Thonlas Egerton, baron of; inscribed," 1-[0-
noratiss Dus Thomas Egertonus, ]Jaro de Ellesmer," &c.
ii. 90.
Ellis, Edmund; inscribed," Ætatis suæ 28, An o Di ]662 ;"
ar'lns, five half-moons, v.54.
Elizabeth, princess; inscribed, " Serenissinla Princeps
Elisabetha, filia secunda Caroli Magn. Brit. Fran. &
Hib. Regis." iii. 287.
"Essex, Robert Devereux, carl of, his excellency, &c.
general of the army, iii. 59.
, J\'Iargaret Elizabeth, countess of, iii. 212.
E
tienne, cheval
cr, seigneur des Vignau du Plcssis, &c.
i. 93.
.Evcral d, Dr. Giles, i v. 3-1.

2a8

DIRECTIONS FOR PLACIN(;

FAIRFAX, 'Villiam; inscribed,
II To F.'anhenthal wIlen seige Cordova layde,
So was our Brilishe king-craft ovel'knav'cl
By Gondomer as in it Marlir-made,
This honorable Cadet; and soe s(ay'd
Of all recruit
that Burroughs there comander
Our glorious Bon-oughs was compell't! to l"ender:'

ii. 100.
Fai
fax, the right honourable Ferdinanrl, lord, iii. 65.
Falconberg, lady, iv. 79.
Falkland, the lady viscountess Lettice, iii. 236.
.Fell, John, bishop of Oxford, v. 19.
Finch, Ed\vard; inscribed, " Ed. Finch his perambulations,
and a\vay for Hanlcrsmith," ii. 366.
Flabnan, "-fholnas, poet, v. 256.

GA:\IDLE, John; inscribed,
" This to the graver owes,
But read and find
By his own hand,
A most harmonious mind:' iv. 75.
Garnet, H enl'Y; inscribed, " Si quid patÎ1nini pl.opter jus-
titialn heati petris I-Ienricus Garnetus, Anglus e societate
J esu passus 3 May 1606," ii. SO.
Genin
'es, or Jennings, Edulllnd; inscribed,
II Edmundi specicm spectat quicumquc Geningi
Robora, yirtutcm spectet et ille fidem.
IpsVl\1 ter DVræ fera LeX, fera neXVe bearVnt,
Terq. cruenta dies tlella Decembris erat.
:r\amq tenet raptum dum cor è corpore IÏclor,
Gregorij è cælis numina lingua petit;
Huic dens ex proprio vix l1ato nascitur ore,
Roboris hoc signum proq fideq Dco."

i. 275.

GoldSDlith, Francis, poet, iv. 40.
Gondamol', count; inscribed, "Effigies exhnlJ viri Dni
Didaci Sahnientidc Acuna. cOlnitis dc Gondomarc equitis
nobti ordinis Calatrava
," ii. 222.
Goodwin, John; windlllÍll ot"er !tis hcad, iii. 332.

TIlE PORTRAITS,

239

Greatrakes, Valentine, v. 232.
Guldeforde,sir Henry, i. 109.
-, lady, i. 148.
Gyles, Henry; inscribed, " Glass painting for
as armes, sundyals, history, landskipt, &c.
I-Ienry Gyles of the city of York," vi. 145.

windows,
Done by

HALL, Jacob, the famous rope-dancer, vi. 13.
Hall, J ol1n, l)oet, Ætatis suæ 19, 1646, iii.158.
_, John; inscribed, "I. H. anno ætatis suæ 35," i. 30S.
Harley, sir Robert, iii. 88.
Harper, sir 'Villiam, lord lnayor, 1561, i. 301.
Harrison, J oho, esq. of Leedes, iii.98.
llarrington, James, i v. 60.
_, sir J oho, translator of Ariosto, i.313.
Hartford, 'Villiam Seymour, marquis of, ii. 289.
Hartgill, George, i. 267.
Harvey, Dr. 'Villiam; inscribed, "Gulielmus Harveus,"
iii. 115.
Heath, Henry; inscribed, "R. P. F. Paulus A. S. Mag-
dalena alias Heath," &c. iÏ. 385.
Herbert, Edward, lord, of Chierbery, ii. 318.
Herrick, Robert, poet, iii. 136.
Heydon, John; inscribed, " Vera ct viva effigies J ohannis
Heydon," &c. v. 303.
Heywood, John, poet; inscribed," I. H," i. 207.
Hicks, William; inscribed,
" Though thou no prophet art, nor prophet's son,
Without their spirit, this could ne'er be done;
Though Brightman, Napeir, Mede, are gone to rest,
Tbeir sp'rite yet lives redoubled in thy breast.
Yee that have cast tl1' ApocalJps to ground,
Because so dark, mysterious, and profound,
\Vhy lake it up againe, and use this glasse,
Twill then no longer for a mystrie passe."

iv. 46.

240

DIRECTIONS FOR PLACINl1

Hill, Emery, esq. founder of the a]n1shonses in 1'othiU
Fields, v. 194.
Hobson, Tobias, the Can1bridge carrier, iii. 242.
Hoddesdon, John; inscribed,

H Though in this darker shade there somethiug.lyes
Might bee the load-stone of all learned cyes,
There's ne'er a leafe in which I cannot spie
Th' Author in's more true Anatomie :
Yet aU's too little, H ee is but made less
By th' Painter's Pencil, or the Printer's Press."

iv. 43.

Holland, Philemon, iii. 118.
, Henry Rich, earl of, ii. 298.
, Hezekiah, minister of the gospell at Sutton Va-
1ence in Kent, iii. 338.
Hollis, sir Trets\vell, v. 164..
Hoskins, sir John, vi. 1] 7.
Hotham, sir John, governor of Hull, iii. 11.
Hudson, Jeffery, queen Henrietta Maria's dwarf, iii. 245.
Huntingdon, Elizabeth, countess of; inscribed, " Vera
effigies Dominæ Elizabethæ nuper comitissæ Hunting-
don," iii.210.
Huntingdon, Henry Hastings, earl of, ii. 292.

J AMES, duke of York, ii. 254.
Jefferies, sir George, lord chief-justice of England, v. 122.
J egon, John, Æt. 50, 1601. Ob. 1617, H. 53.
J essy, Henry, ii. 373.
J oUife, lady Mary, daughter to Ferdinando, late earl of
Huntingdon, v. 371.
Jordan, admiral sir Joseph, v. 161.
It'eland, Willian1, a jesuit; inscribed, "R. P. Gulielmus
IrIandus societatis Jesu sacerdos," v. 94.
Ireton, Thomas Sanders de, iv. 6.

THE PORTRAITS.

241

KEELING, Josiah, vi. 7.
Kingston, Richard; inscribed,

II Umbra viri facies hæc -est surgentis in altum,
Effigiem meJius pagina culta dabit.
Ingentes animæ superant virt utibus artem
V ostermanne, tuam, vel Titiane tuaUJ."

v. 52.

Koning-smack, Charles John, (ord, vi. 40.

LAMOTT E, John, esq. citizen of London, iii. 102.
Langhorn, Richard, executed 14th July, 1679, v. 129.
Lant, TholTIåS; inscribed, "God is my lot, God createth,
Man immitateth, Vertu flourisheth, Death finisheth;"
initial letters T. L. i. 331.
La\vson, sir John, slain 1665, v. 160.
Lee, sir Thomas, mercer, i. 301.
-, Willian1; inscribed, "Effig. vera Gnli. Lee Patris
Ruius Progeniei, Ætatis sure 89, An o 1632," iii. 104.
Leland, John, a bust on a pedestal, in Refectorio con.
Omn. Anim. Oxon, i. 126.
Lenox, James Stuart, duke of, ii. 281.
Ley, sir James, lord chief-justice of the I(ing.s Bench,
ii. 95.
Lister, sir Martin, knight, 1626, iii. 90.
Lockyer, Nicholas; inscribed, "The true Effigies of the
truly Rcligious, Learned, and J uditious Divine, etc. Ni-
cholas Lockyer, Mr. of Arts," iii. 325.
Lo\ver, sir \Villiam, iv. 39.
T..ovelace, Richard, a bust on an urn, inscribed, " Lucasta
Posthume POeiTIS of R. L." iii. 132.
Lumley, John, lord, 1609, ii. 37.

MACKF.NZIE, sir George, Ob. 1691, Æt. 55, v. 131.
Manchester, Edward, lord Montague, baron of KhnboItoll,
viscount
Iandevile, &c. ii. 273.

YOLo IV.

2i

242

DIRECTIONS I'''OR PLACING

Iarriot, the great eater; inscribed,

u Here to YOlJr view's presented the great eater,
l\larriot tbe lawyer, Grayes-Innes cormorant;
Who fOl" bis guU is become a meer cbeater :
Those that will feed him councell shall not want."

iv.97.

Marsham, sir John, Æt. suæ 80, v. 269.

Iassingberd, I-Ienry; inscribed,

u I thinke it meele as long as I am in this tabernacle to stir you up, by putting
you in remembrance; seeing I know that the time is at band that I must lay
down this my tabernacle, I will ende,'our therefore that ye aUso may be able to
have remembrance of these things after my departure, Pet, 2. 1. 13,14, 15.
The Lord will perfect yt which cOllcerneth me, Psal. 13.8."

i v. 61.

Massinger, Philip, poet, iii. 129.
Matthews, Tobias, archiepiscopus Eboracensis, ii 82.
Matoaka als. Rebecka, daughter to the mighty Prince
Po\vhatan, emperor of Virginia, ii. 186.
May, Thomas, esq. poet, iv. 36.
Meldrum, sir J obn, iii 79.
Mews, Dr. Peter, bishop of 'Vinchester, 1684, Ob. 1707,
Æt. 89, v. 6.
Middlesex, Lionel Cranfield, earl of, ii. 297.

Iiddleton, Thomas, poet; inscribed, " Vera effigies Tho.
Middleton, gent." iii. 132.
Street, Thomas; inscribed, ""fhomas Street Miles, jus-
ticiarius Comn1unis Banci, Ætatis 63," vi. 117.
1\Iill, Hun1phry; inscribed," The second part of the Night
Search, \vith the projects of these times, in a poem by
H. l\lill," Iii. 139.
Mingh (or Minns), Christopher, admiral, 1666, v. 162.
l\Ioll Cut-purse; inscribed,

.. See here the Presidesse o'th pilfring trade,
J\Tcrcnryes second Venus's onelv mayd,

THE PORTRAITS.

243

Doublet and breeches in a un'fonn dresse
The Fcmale Humurrist a kickshaw messe.
Here no attraction that your fancy gr
ets,
But if her features please not read her feats."

iii. 252.
l\'lonck, Nicholas, bishop of Hereford, 1660, Obit. 1661,
Æt. 60, v. 8.
Jfordaunt, John, viscount; inscribed, " L'IlIustrissimo Ca-
valiero Giovanni
Iordaunt d' A viland, barone de Ry-
go]e," &c. iii. 313.
Morice, sir 'Villiam, knight, secretary of state to Charles
II. v. 101.
l\Iosly, sir Nich. clothworker, lord mayor of the city of
London 1599, i. 299.
Mountaigne, George, archbishop of York 1628, ii.49.

Iowbray and Maltravers, Henry, baron of
ii. 314.
Murcot, John; inscribed,

" Here stand and live in thy immortall page,
Thou golden Preacher in an iron age;
Ireland lamenls thy losse whose powerfull word,
"Trought on her greater cOllquests lhen the sword;
Their bodies were subdu'd by armes and arts,
But thou (blest conqueror) didst win their bearts."

iii. 338.

l\Iyddleton, sil' Hugh, the original projector of the New
River, ,vhich he brou
ht froln 'V are, in Hertfordshire, to
London, and by ,vhich he was ruined, ii. 103.

N ALTON, the true effigies of Mr. J allies, iii. 3
6.
Neale, Thomas; inscribed, " Vera effigies Thomæ Nigelli,
armigeri 'Varnefordiensis," iii. 161.
l\I ewcastIe, William Cavendish, earl of, viscount l\Iansfield,
lord Boulsover and Ogle, ii. 290.
, Henry Cavendish, duke of, 1676, iv. 162.
, J\tlargarct, dutchess of, v. 261.

244

DIRECTIONS FOR PLACING

N e\vport,
Iountjoy-Blount, carl of, lord 1\Iountjoy of
Thlll'veston, master of the ordinance, ii. 303.
N orthull1berland, Henry Percy, earl of, 1619; inscribed,

ii. al.
N ott, sir
Iihon1as, knt, one of the gentJeu1en-ushers in ordi-
nary of the honble privy chamber, to his present
Iatie King
Charles the Secon(], v. 190.

" If art could shew the spirit in the face,
And in dead lines express a living grace;
You might (though wanting an inscriplion) sweare
That t.his the shadow of a Percy were:
For when the noble Romane worthies liv'd,
Though greater fame theil' fortunes have atcllei\,'d ;
No braver
l)irit.ls did in Rome command,
Then were the Percy's of Northumberland."

OATE8, Titus, standing in the pillory, vi. 167.
Okey, col. J. executed at Tyburn 1662, iii. 74.
, on horseback, iii. 74.
Oldcastle, John, lord Cobham, i. 50..
Orange, the Jnost illustrious and noble 'Villian1 of Nassau,
prince of, born 1627, and married 23 1\Iay 1641, iii. 264.
, the high borne princesse, 1\Iaryprincesse of Orange,
etc. mal'Ïed at 'Vqitehall 23 May 16<11, borne 4 Nov.
1631, ii. 257.
O'Toole, Arthurus Severus Nonesuch, ./Etatis
o.

" Great Mogul's landlord, of both Indies king,
'Vhose self-admiring fame doth loudly ring,
W rites fourscore years, more kingdoms he huth right to,
The stars say so, and for them he will fight too:
And though this worthless age will not beli
ve him,
ßut clatter, splaLLer, slander, scotT to gricve him;
Yet he and all the world in this agree,
That such another Toole will never be."

ii. 100.
C)vcrbury, sir rfhomas, ,vriting his epitaph; inscribed,
.e Those swan-like notes, sung so illspiredly
To thy untimely fall, prove most exact

THE PORTRArrS.

245

Lines drawne from life, and thy swift 1'ragedie
Showes but thine o\Vlle Soules Prophecie in Act.
Thy Name and Vertues live, to kill1Ly mould
""Vas aU Imprisonment, and Poysou could,
But thy more heavenly Self from double chaines
Sett free (at once) thy Body and tlw Tower
In 1hat supreme unpar1iall court remains,
"'her nur Ambition, Envy, Lust have power,
Redeem'd from poysonous plotts. from 'Yitches chanlle,
From 'Vestoll & tb' Apothecaries harme."

ii. 128.
Oxendon, sir Henry de Barham; inscribed, "Non est
mortale quod opto 1647," v.260.
Oxford, the right honourable and truly generous Robert
Veere, earl of, Lo. Bulbeck, Sandford, and Scales, being'
the 23d earle of that noble falnily since the Conquest.
He was slayne at the seidge of Mastrict, anno 1632,
and left issue two SODS, ii. 291.

PARIS, Matthew; inscribed, "Matthæi Parisiensis his-
torici (qui obijt 1259) vera effigies, ex Hbro ejus chroni-
corUU1 1\18. olim sui ipsius, nunc regio desumpta," i.58.
Parkinson, John, author of the Herbalist, iii. 155.
Paston, lady, with coat of arms, a chevron betwixt three
owls; motto," De luevix ie pense mieulx." iv...88.
Pecke, Thomas; inscribed,

H Aonidum juvenile decus doctæque Thaliæ,
Gloria Peckeidum deliciæque domus ;
Pingitur efligies tautum hic, sed vi,'et imago
Ilia Auimi Æterno perpetuanda slylo."

iv. .t.-J.
Petnbroke, Philip Herbert, carle of, and lVlontgolnery, etc.
lord chamberlaine of his Ma ties Inost hon b1e houshold,
ii. :!83.
Pend rill, 'Villianl, of BoscoheII, LEt. 84, vi. 1.
l)ennington, the true portraiture of the right honourable
Isaac, lord luayor of the city of London, iii. 92.

246

DIRECTIONS FOR PLACING

Pennington, the true portracture of that famous and val1iant
sea capt sir John, knight, one of the gentlemen in ordi-
narie of his Ma ties privie chalnber, governour and captaine
of Sando\vne Castle in I(ent., and vice admirall of his
l\Ia ties fleete for this expedition, anno 1636 & 1637, iii.58.
Perrott, sir John, deputy of Ireland 158-1, i. 241.
Percy, Thomas, principal in the Gunpo,vder Plot conspi-
racy, IG05; inscribed, " Hæc est vera & prima origi-
nalis editio Thomæ Perci," &c. ii. 190.
Perwich, Susanna;

i v. 90.
Peters, Hugh; windlllill on Ilis Ilead and tile devil on his
shoulder, iii. 3f12.
Pope Hadrianus IV. i. 55.
Pope Johannes VIII. commonly known by the name of
Pope Joan, i. 53.
Pordage, John; inscribed, " Effigies J ohannis Pordage,
philosophi, medici, theologi, authoris hujus figuræ hiero-
gliphicæ," iii. 344.
Poyntz) major-generall, iii. 71.
Prideaux, the right reverend father in God John, late Bp
of 'V orcester, ii. 339.
Purchas, Samuel; inscribed, "Anag. SalTIUe} Purcbas,
pars sua celum," ii. GS.

H Her's all that's left, Reader, untimely Death
Hath snatcht the rest; he needs wou]d
top the breath
Of this our sweet harmonious Queene of Jove,
And by her lifeless picture plainly prove
Nor Goodness, Beauty, Breeding, finest part

Where sin is found, can shend from his fierce darts,
ßut what th' Effigies wants, the Booke wilJ tell
Her inward Splendors, looke and view them well."

RAINBO'V, Ed\vard;

" His face you see, but not his nohle mind,
That like hi::; fame was great and unconfin'd,

THE PORTRAITS.

247

Yet humble too, and honours would prevent;
But's virtues built the greatest monument:
Which all devouring time cannot deface
Till the world wants both gratitude and grace,"

v. 11.
Ramsey, lady Mary, ,vife of sir Thomas Ramsey, a great
,
benefactress to Christ-church Hospital, i. 337.
Richards, Nathaniel; inscribed, " Vera ac viva effigies
Nathanælis Richards, gen:" motto, " Despice mundum
}'espice finem: senite su pera non terrestria, suspice
cælum," &c. iii. 139.
Richardson, John, D. D. bishop of Ardagh, aged 74, ADo
Dni 1653, iii. 318.
Ricraft, Josiah; inscribed,
" Of all the guifts of God's most sacred Spirit
The guift of tongues being of much precious merit,
By which man mainly differs from a beast,
And all rare knowledge ricLly is increast;
How much to our industrious Rim"aft then,
Is due, fOl' his great paines and usefull pen;
Who thus hath made so copious a collection
Of lh' Orient Characters, for fair direction
To learn those tongues. A work most excellent,
And of more worth than pearles most Orient,
For which, with grateful heart give God the praise,
And crown brave RicrafL's browes w th fragrant bayes."
iii. 149.

Ridley, Mark; inscribed,
" l\Iissus ab Elisa, Ruthensis, quinque per annos,
Anglis ni desis, te Vocat ilia domum;
Tute l\lathematicis clarus magnetica calles,
Pæonias laudes doctus ubique capis."

i. 307.
Roe, sir'VilIianl, ironmonger, lord mayor of the city of
London, 1592, i. 299.
Rossetti, cardinal, iii. 270.
ROlls, Francis; inscribed,
" Adam the first tbis image claymes as his
'Vitbin tbp second Adam's imaKP i
;

248

DIRECTIONS FOR PLACIN(J

That is the hidden face, not seene by thee,
But God it sees, and it God's face shall see."

iv. 47.
Rudyerd, sir Benjamin, surveyor of his Ma ties court of \vards
and liveries, iii. 108.
R.unTJnin, Elinour, the famous ale-wife of England; In-
scribed,

H "-hen Skelton wore the lawrell crowne,
l\Iy ale put all the ale-wives downe."

i. 150.
Rupert, the iJ1ustrious and h
gh-borne prince, count pala-
tine of ye Rhine, &c. knight of the most noble order of
the garter, and generall of the horse to his }Ia tie King
Charles, anno 1643, ii. 157.
Rutland, the right honorabeU Francis Manners, carle of,
baron Ross of Hanllake Belvoire, and Trusbutt, and
knight of the honorable order of the garter, ii. 30.
R)'der, sir 'VilIianl, haberdasher, lord mayor of the city of
London 1600, i. 299.

SALISBURY, 'Villiam Cecil, earle of, &c. knight of the
garter, ii. 294.
Saltonston, sir Richard, lord mayor of the city of London
1597, i. 299.
Sedge\vick, the Rev. Obadiah, iii. 3;37.
Sey and Seale, 'Villialn Fines, viscount and lord, ii. 312.
Shirley, sir Robert, alnbassador fron1 the Persian court to
Pope Paul V. by \VhOln he was treated \vith great dis-
tinction, ii. 88.
Shirlæus, J alncs, a poet; a bust on a pedestal, inscribed,
" Jacobus ShirIæus," G. Phenil pinx. iii. 129.
Skelton, John, poet laureat to King IIenry the Eighth, i.130.
Skippon, Phillip, esq. major
generall of the army, &c.
iii. 69.
Slater, the true portraiture of the] earned 1\1r. "Tilliam, D. .D.
ii. 65.

THE PORTRAITS.

249

.

Smith, the honourable sir Thòmas, knight, late embassador
from his
Iatie to ye great emperour o
Russie, governour of
the bon ble and famous societyes of marchants tradinge to
ye East Indies, Muscovy, the French and Somer islands þ
company treasurer for Virginia, etc. Ïi. 84.
, captayne John, admirall of New England; in-
scribed,

II These are the lines that shew thy face; but those
That shew thy grace and glory brighter bee:
Thy faire discoveries and fowle-overthrowes,
Of salvages, much civilliz'd by thee,
Best shew thy spirit, and to it glory wyn;
So thou art brasse without, but golde within."

ii. 102.
Somerset, the lively portraict of the lady Frances, countesse
of, ii. 173.
Sommers, Will, kinge Heneryes jester; inscribed,

II What tl.lOagb thou think'st mee clad in strauge attire,
Knowe I am suted to mine owne desire,
Aud yet tbe cbaracters describ'd upon mee
1\Iay sbewe thee that a king besLow'd them 011 me.
This home I have betokens Sommer's game,
Which sportive tyme will bid thee reade my name;
All with my nature well agreeing too,
As both the name, and tyme, and habit doe."

i. 149.
Southampton, the right honourable and most noble Henry
'Vriothsley, earle of, baron of Titchfield, knight of the
most Dob. ord. of ye garter, Ïi. 30.
Standford, Henry Gray, earl of, lord Gray of Groby, Bon-
vile, and Harington, &c. ii. 302.
Stapleton, Thomas; inscribed, " 'fhomas Stapletonus,
Anglus, ætat. anno LXIII," i. 271.
Sterling, William Alexandel', earl of; inscribed, "Vera
effigies Gulie]mi comito de Sterlin, ætatis suæ L VII/'
iii. 142.

VOL. IV.

-2k

250

DIRECTIONS FOR PLACING

Steuart, the picture of the most noble and learned ladye
Arbella, &c. ii. 187.
Stevenson,
Iatthe\v;

" The printer's proffit not my pride,
Hath this idea signify'd;
For he pusltt out the merrie pay,
And 1\Ir. Gay'wood made it gay."

v.258.

Stokes, 'Villialu, a vaulting-master; inscribed,
" Ingeniosa tibi "ivam manus edidit umhram
V {'rum hominem motus te probat esse tuus j
Sell tam moto agili, tanta vertiginis arte
Extemplo spacinm te per utromq ralas,
Corporc sub ficto mihi Spiritus esse videris,
Aut corpus chymica spirituale manu.
Nullam senLit equus molem tuus impiger, orones
Pervolilas partes. nee mora pondus habet."-T. S.
iii. 197.

Strode, sir George, iv. 49.
Synlonds, the pourtraiture of Mr. Joseph, late vice provost
of Eaton Colledge, Æt. suæ 50, iii.340.

TALB01', sir Gilbert, 1516, i. 70.
Tatham, John, poet;
" Here is noe schisme, the judging eye may see
In every line a perfect harmony;
And love and beauty for so great a grace
Joy in lheire lovely Reconciler's face."

iv. 42.

rraylor, John, the water poet, ii. 134.
Temple, Susanna, the only daughter of Sir Alexander Tem-
ple, knight, lady Thornhurst, lady Lister, iii. 228.
--, sir Peter, knt, iv.22.
, the lady Elinor,
" Her exact'st portraiture neerest the life.
Is Vertues patterne, mOLher, mayll, and wire,
Whose names her glorious character to bost,
This liveing TEMPLE of the Holy Ghost."

iv.88.

'fHE PORTRAITS.

251

'rotnes, George Care\v, earl of, ii. 300.

IT RCHARD, or Urquhart, sir Thomas, knight.

" Of him whose shape this picture hath design'd,
Vertue and learning represent the mind." -'V. S.

iii. 160.
Urselin, Barbara, born at Augsbury, wife to l\Iíchael Van-
beck. " Vanbeck married this frightful creature on pur-
pose to carry her about for a sho\v." iv.98.

V ANDUN, Cornelius, born at Breda, soldier with King
Henry at Tournay, yeoman of the guard, and usher to
J{ings Henry and Edward, Queen l\Iary, and Queen
Elizabeth, Obiit 1577, Ætatis suæ 94, i.302.
Venner, Dr. Tobias, anno 1660, Ætatis suæ 85, iv.32.
Vere, sir Fral!cis, i. 288.

W ADD, or Waad, sir William; inscribed," The lively por-
traiture of the worthy knight, sir William 'Vadd, lieute-
nant of the Tower," &c. ii. 108..
'V aller, sir 'Villiam, knight, sargeant major generall of ye
parliaments army, and one of the members of ye hono b1e
House of Commons, 1643, iii. 66.
Wallingford, t.he righte honourable William Knol1is, vis-
count, baron of Grayes, Mr of the court of wardes, and
one of his Ma ties most bon ble privie counsell, and knight
. of the garter, ii. 35.
Walton, Brian, bishop of Chester, 1660, editor of the Poly-
glot Bible, iii. 319.
War\vick, Elizabeth, countess of; inscribed, U Elisabet co-
mitissa War\vyck," iii. 218.
, the right honourable Robert, earl of: baron of
Leeze, &c. lord high adlniral of England, one of his
1\Iajcsty's ItlOst honourable privy counciJ, and his Ma-

252

DIRECTIONS FOR PLACING

jesty's lieutenant of the counties of Norfolk, Essex, &c.
H.280.
War\vick, and Holland, the right hon bhl Edward Rich, earl
of, iv.170.
\Veaver, captain Thomas; inscribed, "T. W."

II Our eyes may bere a double beauty find;
His face tbis shewes, his book presents bis mind,
'Vbich a few dawney minutes have improv'd,
To such vast summes of worth, as makes him lov'd ;
And as this shadow now appeareth his,
That likewise is Heaven's effigies."-J. S.

Hi. 139.

Welby, Mr. Henry, Gt, Ætatis suæ 84.

II Arabia yields å phenix, and but 0)](',
England, tbis plwnix, and besydes him Done,
To solitary desarts boath retyer,
Not minding wbat the world doth most admire.
His face, thoùgh il was much desJI"d by many,
In forty foure yeares was not seen by any:
She, in spyc'd flames, in fervent zeale he dyes,
And boath in tyme, new phenixes
hall ryse."

Epitaph, Obijt die 29 Octobris, 1636, iii. ]02.
Wentworth, Darcy, Ætatis su.æ 32, 1624; inscribed,

II Lex rcgit et hosLes contra ducis al'ma tuetur
Hune populum, legis qui sacrajussa facit."

ii. 109.

, Henrietta Maria, lady, vi.158.
Westmorland, MiIdmay Fane, earl of, lord Ie de Spencer
and Burghwash, ii. 299.
'Vestphaling, Herbert, bishop of I-Iereford, 1585, i. 256.
'Vharton, Philip, lord Wharton of 'V harton, ii. 315.
'Vhitelock, ßulstrode ;

" To limme thy merits and beroick meecles,
Illustrious Whitlock, is a task that neeðe

A nobler draught, for who ,lares be so bold
To cut in brnsse, t'I'hat shold he grav'd in gold;
..,
Or with one poor hcxastick raise yll columnes .
Of hi
vast merit whi('h deservelh volumes:'

THE PORTRAITS.

253

Whyte, Richard; inscribed, ct Ricardus Vitus Basinstochius
comes Palatinus. "

II Vive Ricarde diu, rebus majoribus orte
Vite Britannorum vita, valeque diu;
Vita Britannorum, quid cnim? nisi jure voceris
Vivere quippe facis mortua gesta virum;
Mortua nà fuerât (quorù imemor exlitit Ætas
Omnis) et. antiquo semisepulta situ."

i. 272.

Wight, John; initials J. 'V.; inscribed,

" Welcom the Wight
That bringeth such light."

i. 333.
Wildman, major John; motto," Nil Admirari," iv. 6.
WilIan, Leonard, a bust on a pedestal,. inscribed,

II Glori(\us inscriptiolJS (arts ornaments) wayt,
Truth to disguise, onely on prosp'rous Fate;
Such traines from faoning, mercenary witts,
His fortune or his temper not befitts ;
No judge præposest; if approv'd his fame,
Shall wante no other monument but his name."

Leo Willan ipse scripsit, iv. 43.
Winchester, John Pa\vlet, marquissc of, earle of \Viltshire,
and lord St. John of Basing, ii. 288.
Winstanley, WiJIiam, Æt. 39, 1667.

" Let others drinke of Nectar, boast of Bayes;
The juice 'oth grape, and barley we will prayse;
For from tl1' effects of their all-conqu'rin
juice
Proceed the fancy's of our sparkling Musp.
Rookes of these names and nnture we despise
As being fiH'd with many foolery's;
Them, nnd the world's choice freasures we doe grace
With a foors cap as h'jng the fiUest place."

v. 270.

Wither, George, poet;

" What I was j
paRsed by :
\Vhat I am away cloth ßie :
'Vhat I shaH be none (-10 see,
Yet in tliat my beauties hee."

iii. 137.

254

DIRECTIONS FOR PI
ACING

W oodcocke, Martin, a Catholic priest, executed at I..an-
caster, 1646. J...atin line, "Earous et nos ut moriamuz
cum eo; Joan 11. 16." ii. 386.
Worcester, Henery Somerset, earle of, ii. 292.
'V ortley, the true and liveJy portraiture of that learned and
valiant kt, sir Francis of 'V ortley in the county ory orke,
k t and baronet, deceased, prisoner in the To,ver of Lon-
don 1652, iii. 136.
'Vren, Matthe,v, D. D. successively bishop of Hereford,
Norwich, and Ely, died April 24 th , 1667, in his 82 d year,
ii. 338.

y OUNG, John; inscribed," P. J oannes Y ongus, Hibernus,
Societe J esu, Obijt Romæ die 13 July 1664, Ætat 75,"
v. Ð2.
York, Ann Hyde, dutchess of, iv.. 127.

ADDITIONS

TO RICIIARDSOK'S COLLECTION OF ENGRAVED BRITISH PORTRAITS.

BALFORE, sir 'Villiam, etc. fac simile, from the scærce
print, in Ricraft's U Survey of England's Champions," iii.
109.
Brereton, sir William, major gen. of Cheshire, Staffordshire,
and Lallkashire, from do. iii. 74.
Brooke, the right hon b1e Robert, lord, &c. was shot at Lich-
field, from do. ii. 316.
Bro\vne, Richard, Essqr, generall of Oxon, Berkshire, and
Buckingham, from do. iii. 71.

THE PORTRAITS.

255

Burton, Robert, author of " The Anatomy of Melancholy,"
ii. 70.

CAL ENDER, the right honourable the earle of, etc. froln
Ricraft, iii.79.
Cleypole, Mrs. Elizabeth, the favourite daughter of Oliver
Croill\veIl, iv.82.
Cromwell, Robert, Esq. father of the Protector, died 1617,
ii. 115.
, the religious, successful, and truly valliant lieu-
tenant gcnerall, from Ricraft, iii. 64.
, Richard, Protector of England, Scotland, and
the dominions and territoryes thereunto belonging, iii.
300.

, Henry, lord deputy of Ireland, iii.302.

DEN BIGH, Basil Fiel<1ing, earle of, &c. from Ricraft, ii.
296.

ESSEX, Robert, carle of, his excellence lord generaU of
the parli mt8 army, etc. lately <1eceased, from Ricraft, Hi.
59.

FAIRFAX, the most noble Ferdinand, lord, generaIl of the
Northern count yes ; from do. iii. 65.
, the most excellent sir Thomas, captin, generall
of the armyes, etc. from do. iii. 62.

LASLEY, his excellence Alexander, generall of the Scotch
army; from do. iii. 77.

IANCHESTER, the right hon b1e Ed\vard, earle of, &c. n1a-
jor generaI1 of the Association; from do. iii. 68.

Iarkh{un, Gervase, iii. 161.

256

DIREC IONS, &c.

Massey, Edward, Esqr. nlajor generâIl of the West; from
Ricraft, iii.70.
Meldrum, sir John; from do. iii. 79.

POYNTZ, major generall; from do. iii.71.

--

RIC AFT, Josiah; froÌl1 his" Book of Alphabets," iii. 149.
Roberts, the right honourable the lord, from Ricraft, iii.
73,

SKIPPON, Phillip, Esqr. .major generall of the arn1Y, &c.
from Ricraft, iii. 69.
Stalldford, Henry Gray, earle of
lord Gray of Groby, Bou-
vile, &c. from Ricraft, ii. 302.

V ER E, sir Hõrace; from a scarce print by Faithorne, ii. 99.

,V ALLER, sir \Villiam, major gen. of Surry, Sussex, and
Hampshire; from Ricraft, iii. 66.
'Varwick, the right hon b1e Robert, earle of
lord Rich of
Leeze, and lord high adlniral of the seas; from do.
ii. 208.
Willoughby, the fight honourable the lord of, Parham, &c.
from do. iii. 73.

... The reasou for inserting the list of Portraits in this volume was, to prevent the
coufusion that might arise, from its being mistaken as part of the General Index at
tLe end of \'01. VI.

END uF VOL. IV.

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